这个标题起的有点夸张哈,但是LayoutInflater这个类的一些用法,在Android开发者使用的过程中,确实存在着一些很普遍的误区,最起码我研究的这么多小项目的源代码,基本上都在错误的使用这个类。今天,看到了一篇文章讲LayoutInflater的用法,瞬间感觉自己对这个类确实不够了解,于是简单的看了下LayoutInflater类的源代码,对这个类有了新的认识。
首先,LayoutInflater这个类是用来干嘛的呢?
我们最常用的便是LayoutInflater的inflate方法,这个方法重载了四种调用方式,分别为:
1. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)
2. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
3.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)
4.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
这四种使用方式中,我们最常用的是第一种方式,inflate方法的主要作用就是将xml转换成一个View对象,用于动态的创建布局。虽然重载了四个方法,但是这四种方法最终调用的,还是第四种方式。第四种方式也很好理解,内部实现原理就是利用Pull解析器,对Xml文件进行解析,然后返回View对象。
我们以我们经常使用的第一种形式为例,你在重写BaseAdapter的getView方法的时候是否这样做过
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public View getView( int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if (convertView == null ) {
convertView = inflate(R.layout.item_row, null );
}
return convertView;
} |
inflate方法有三个参数,分别是
1.resource 布局的资源id
2.root 填充的根视图
3.attachToRoot 是否将载入的视图绑定到根视图中
在这个例子中,我们将root参数设为空,功能确实实现了,但是这里还隐藏着一个隐患,这种方式并不是inflate正确的使用姿势,下面我们通过一个Demo,来说一下这样使用造成的弊端。
首先,我们建立一个这样的项目
<喎?"http://www.2cto.com/kf/ware/vc/" target="_blank" class="keylink">vcD4KPHA+1eLA78j9uPa958Pmo6zSu7j21ve958Pmo6zBvbj2suLK1L3nw+ajrLK8vtbOxLz+1tCjrNb3vefD5ta7uLrU8L3nw+bM+Neqo6zBvbj2suLK1L3nw+a2vMrH0ru49rzytaW1xExpc3R2aWV3o6xpdGVtsry+1s/Uyr7Qp7n7yOfPwjwvcD4KPHA+PGltZyBzcmM9"http://www.2cto.com/uploadfile/Collfiles/20140701/20140701085327132.jpg" alt="\">
对应的布局文件如下
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<!--?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?-->
<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "60dp" android:background= "@android:color/holo_orange_light" android:gravity= "center" android:orientation= "vertical" >
<textview android:id= "@+id/tv" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "11" android:textcolor= "@android:color/black" android:textsize= "22sp" >
</textview></linearlayout> |
OneActivity的代码如下
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public class OneActivity extends Activity {
private ListView list1;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
list1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list1);
list1.setAdapter( new MyAdapter( this ));
}
private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private LayoutInflater inflater;
MyAdapter(Context context) {
inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return 20 ;
}
@Override
public Object getItem( int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public long getItemId( int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView( int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if (convertView == null ) {
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null );
}
TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(position+ "" );
return convertView;
}
}
} |
TwoActivity的代码如下
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public class TwoActivity extends Activity {
private ListView list2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
list2 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list2);
list2.setAdapter( new MyAdapter( this ));
}
private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private LayoutInflater inflater;
MyAdapter(Context context) {
inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return 20 ;
}
@Override
public Object getItem( int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public long getItemId( int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView( int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if (convertView == null ) {
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent, false );
}
TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(position + "" );
return convertView;
}
}
} |
两个文件最关键的区别就一句话,
在getView方法中,OneActivity是
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);
在getView方法中,TwoActivity是
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);
我们先看一下显示效果,再说两者的区别
OneActivity效果
TwoActivity的显示效果
我们可以很明显的看出来,使用第一种方式,根布局的高度设置60dp没有起作用,系统还是按照包裹内容的方式加载的,为什么会产生这种效果呢?我们从需要inflate方法的源代码中找一下答案。
首先,方式一的源代码实现
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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
return inflate(parser, root, root != null );
}
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当我们使用方式一,并且第二个参数传入null的时候,默认调用的是下面的方法,并且attachToRoot是false
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public View inflate( int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
if (DEBUG) System.out.println( "INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
try {
return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
} finally {
parser.close();
}
}
|
在这一个方法中,pull解析器将资源id转化成XmlResourceParser对象,又传给了第四种方式,所以我们需要重点看的还是第四种方式是如何实现的
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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate" );
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[ 0 ];
mConstructorArgs[ 0 ] = mContext;
View result = root;
try {
// Look for the root node.
int type;
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": No start tag found!" );
}
final String name = parser.getName();
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println( "**************************" );
System.out.println( "Creating root view: "
+ name);
System.out.println( "**************************" );
}
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
throw new InflateException( "<merge> can be used only with a valid "
+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true" );
}
rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false );
} else {
// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
View temp;
if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
} else {
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
}
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null ;
if (root != null ) {
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println( "Creating params from root: " +
root);
}
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// Set the layout params for temp if we are not
// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println( "-----> start inflating children" );
}
// Inflate all children under temp
rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true );
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println( "-----> done inflating children" );
}
// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}
// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} catch (IOException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(
parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": " + e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} finally {
// Don‘t retain static reference on context.
mConstructorArgs[ 0 ] = lastContext;
mConstructorArgs[ 1 ] = null ;
}
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
return result;
}
}</merge>
|
代码比较长,我们重点关注下面的代码
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if (root != null ) {
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println( "Creating params from root: " +
root);
}
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// Set the layout params for temp if we are not
// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
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这些代码的意思就是,当我们传进来的root参数不是空的时候,并且attachToRoot是false的时候,也就是上面的TwoActivity的实现方式的时候,会给temp设置一个LayoutParams参数。那么这个temp又是干嘛的呢?
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<pre name= "code" class = "java" > // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}
// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}</pre><br>
<br> <p></p> <pre class = "brush:java;" ></pre>
<br> 现在应该明白了吧,当我们传进来的root不是 null ,并且第三个参数是 false 的时候,这个temp就被加入到了root中,并且把root当作最终的返回值返回了。而当我们设置root为空的时候,没有设置LayoutParams参数的temp对象,作为返回值返回了。
<p></p> <p>因此,我们可以得出下面的结论:</p> <p> 1 .若我们采用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list,
null );方式填充视图,item布局中的根视图的layout_XX属性会被忽略掉,然后设置成默认的包裹内容方式</p>
<p> 2 .如果我们想保证item的视图中的参数不被改变,我们需要使用convertView
= inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent, false );这种方式进行视图的填充</p>
<p> 3 .除了使用这种方式,我们还可以设置item布局的根视图为包裹内容,然后设置内部控件的高度等属性,这样就不会修改显示方式了。</p>
<p><br> </p> <p>最后,给出那篇文章的链接http: //blog.jobbole.com/72156/
大家可以去看看</p> |
【转】LayoutInflater——80%的Android程序员对它并不了解甚至错误使用,布布扣,bubuko.com