基于Centos搭建Django 环境搭建

2022-09-23 09:01:47

CentOS 7.2 64 位操作系统

安装 Django

先安装 PIP，再通过 PIP 安装 Django

安装 PIP

cd /data;

mkdir tmp;

cd tmp;

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py;

python ./get-pip.py;

使用 PIP，安装 Django

pip install Django==1.11.

安装 Mysql

安装并启动 mariadb

因为 CentOS 7 之后的版本都不在提供 Mysql 安装源，这里我们使用 mariadb 代替 mysql，依次执行下列命令

yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y

yum install MySQL-python -y

systemctl start mariadb

对 mariadb 进行初始化设置

执行下面命令，根据提示操作

设置新密码为 test

默认密码为空，直接回车即可

mysql_secure_installation

使用设置的密码登陆 mariadb

登陆 db，这里假设密码被设置为 root

mysql -uroot -ptest

创建一个数据库

create database mysite;

成功后，输入 exit 命令退出 db

exit

创建 Django 项目

创建 mysite 项目

在 /data/ 目录下，创建一个名为 mysite 的 Django 项目

cd /data/

django-admin startproject mysite

修改配置文件，与 Mysql 数据库相关联(SECRET_KEY 配置项无需修改)

示例代码：/data/mysite/mysite/settings.py

 """

 Django settings for mysite project.

 Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.7.

 For more information on this file, see

 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

 For the full list of settings and their values, see

 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/

 """

 import os

 # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

 # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

 # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

 # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

 SECRET_KEY = 'm4@g1=hz^08y(9d)v5l!8^*0wbla=oe15s@u8@5^pw=llfz48%'

 # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

 DEBUG = True

 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]

 # Application definition

 INSTALLED_APPS = [

     'django.contrib.admin',

     'django.contrib.auth',

     'django.contrib.contenttypes',

     'django.contrib.sessions',

     'django.contrib.messages',

     'django.contrib.staticfiles',

 ]

 MIDDLEWARE = [

     'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

     'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

     'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

     'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

     'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

     'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

     'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

 ]

 ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

 TEMPLATES = [

     {

         'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

         'DIRS': [],

         'APP_DIRS': True,

         'OPTIONS': {

             'context_processors': [

                 'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                 'django.template.context_processors.request',

                 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

             ],

         },

     },

 ]

 WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'

 # Database

 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

 DATABASES = {

     'default': {

         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

         'NAME': 'mysite',

         'PASSWORD':'test',

         'USER': 'root',

         'HOST':'127.0.0.1',

         'PORT':'',

     }

 }

 # Password validation

 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

 AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

     {

         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

     },

     {

         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

     },

     {

         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

     },

     {

         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

     },

 ]

 # Internationalization

 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

 LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

 TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

 USE_I18N = True

 USE_L10N = True

 USE_TZ = True

 # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

 STATIC_URL = '/static/'

创建 Django 数据库

cd /data/mysite

python manage.py migrate

启动 Django

python manage.py runserver

如果没有报错，就说明 Django 已经安装成功了，并且跟 Mysql 的连接正常

按 ctrl+c 退出 Django 服务

安装 Nginx

通过 yum 安装 Nginx

yum install nginx -y

启动 Nginx 服务

systemctl start nginx

访问下面的链接，可以看到 nginx 的欢迎界面 http://118.89.65.22/

安装 uwsgi

使用 yum 命令安装 uwsgi

yum install uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python -y

让 Nginx，uwsgi，Django 协同工作

修改 Nginx 配置文件

示例代码：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

 # For more information on configuration, see:

 #   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/

 #   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

 user nginx;

 worker_processes auto;

 error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

 pid /run/nginx.pid;

 # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.

 include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

 events {

     worker_connections 1024;

 }

 http {

     log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                       '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                       '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

     access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

     sendfile            on;

     tcp_nopush          on;

     tcp_nodelay         on;

     keepalive_timeout   65;

     types_hash_max_size 2048;

     include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;

     default_type        application/octet-stream;

     # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.

     # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include

     # for more information.

     include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

     server {

         listen       80 default_server;

         listen       [::]:80 default_server;

         server_name  _;

         root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

         # Load configuration files for the default server block.

         include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

         location / {

             include uwsgi_params;

             uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;

         }

         error_page 404 /404.html;

             location = /40x.html {

         }

         error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

             location = /50x.html {

         }

     }

 # Settings for a TLS enabled server.

 #

 #    server {

 #        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;

 #        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;

 #        server_name  _;

 #        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

 #

 #        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";

 #        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";

 #        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

 #        ssl_session_timeout  10m;

 #        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

 #        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

 #

 #        # Load configuration files for the default server block.

 #        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

 #

 #        location / {

 #        }

 #

 #        error_page 404 /404.html;

 #            location = /40x.html {

 #        }

 #

 #        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

 #            location = /50x.html {

 #        }

 #    }

 }

重启 Nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload

创建 uwsgi 配置文件

请在 /data/mysite 目录下创建 uwsgi.ini，参考下面的内容。

示例代码：/data/mysite/uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]

socket = 127.0.0.1:

chdir = /data/mysite

wsgi-file = mysite/wsgi.py

processes =

threads =

stats = 127.0.0.1:

uid = nobody

gid = nobody

master = true

harakiri =

daemonize = /data/mysite/uwsgi.log

plugins = python

启动 uwsgi

uwsgi uwsgi.ini

测试

访问链接 http://118.89.65.22/
如果可以看到 Django 的界面，恭喜你，环境搭建成功

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