今天做做项目时，有一个需求需要用到一些固定的文本数据，觉得将这些需要存储的信息直接写在代码里很不友好，放在数据库中存储又觉得不够方便，自然就想到了使用xml来进行操作，我平常在项目中其实用到xml的机会并不多，今天既然碰到了，就再温故知新一下吧....
xml简述
xml被设计用来传输和存储数据。（html被设计用来显示数据）
- xml指可扩展标记语言（Extensible Markup Language）
- xml是一种标记语言，很类似html
- xml的设计宗旨是传输数据，而非显示数据
- xml标签没有被预定义。您需要自行定义标签
- xml被设计为具有自我描述性
- xml是w3c的推荐标准
C#操作XML的基本操作：增删改查
demo示例代码：
<？xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8">
<info>
<userinfo>
<name>花哥</name>
<age>26</age>
<email>921442206@qq.com</email>
<website>51chiheng.com</website>
</userinfo>
</info>
增加：
XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();
xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));//加载xml文件
XmlNode root = xmld.SelectSingleNode("info");//查找info根节点 XmlElement xml0 = xmld.CreateElement("userinfo");
xml0.SetAttribute("realname", "花**"); XmlElement xml1 = xmld.CreateElement("age");//创建一个age节点
xml1.InnerText ="26";
xml0.AppendChild(xml1);//添加 XmlElement xml2 = xmld.CreateElement("email");//创建emial节点
xml2.InnerText ="921442206@qq.com";
xml0.AppendChild(xml2);//添加 XmlElement xml3 = xmld.CreateElement("website");//创建一个website节点
xml3.InnerText = "51chiheng.com";
xml0.AppendChild(xml3);//添加 root.AppendChild(xml0);
xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));
删除操作：
XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();
xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));
XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("info").ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode var in list)
{
XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)var;
if (xmle.GetAttribute("readname") == "花**")
{
xmle.RemoveAll();
xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));//删除后记得一定要保存
Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "alert('删除成功!!');", true);
}
else
{
Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "alert('删除失败!!');", true);
}
}
修改操作：
XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument(); xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("App_Code/Message.xml"));
XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("messageList").ChildNodes;
foreach (XmlNode xmln in list)
{
XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)xmln;//格式转换
if ("花**".Equals(xmle.GetAttribute("readname")))
{
xmle.ChildNodes[0].InnerText = "111";
xmle.ChildNodes[1].InnerText = "222";
xmle.ChildNodes[2].InnerText = "333";
xmle.ChildNodes[3].InnerText = "444";
xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));
Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(this.GetType(), "", "alert('修改成功！！！');location.href='index.aspx'",true);
}
}
查询操作：
//下面的代码开始是用页面编码的方式实现的
XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();//构建xml文档
xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("App_Code/Message.xml"));//加载 XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("messageList").ChildNodes;//获取子节点
if (list!=null)
{
foreach (XmlNode node in list)
{
XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)node;//转换
//todo....
}
}
最后分享一点干货，聪明的程序员会学会站在巨人的肩膀上去眺望远方，而不是一直闷头苦干的造轮胎,感谢苏飞大神！
/// <summary>
/// 好东西分享： xml帮助类大全
/// 类说明：【感谢苏飞大侠分享的好东西】
/// </summary>
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml; namespace DotNet.Utilities
{
public class XMLProcess
{
#region 构造函数
public XMLProcess()
{ } public XMLProcess(string strPath)
{
this._XMLPath = strPath;
}
#endregion #region 公有属性
private string _XMLPath;
public string XMLPath
{
get { return this._XMLPath; }
}
#endregion #region 私有方法
/// <summary>
/// 导入XML文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="XMLPath">XML文件路径</param>
private XmlDocument XMLLoad()
{
string XMLFile = XMLPath;
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
try
{
string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLFile;
if (File.Exists(filename)) xmldoc.Load(filename);
}
catch (Exception e)
{ }
return xmldoc;
} /// <summary>
/// 导入XML文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="XMLPath">XML文件路径</param>
private static XmlDocument XMLLoad(string strPath)
{
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
try
{
string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + strPath;
if (File.Exists(filename)) xmldoc.Load(filename);
}
catch (Exception e)
{ }
return xmldoc;
} /// <summary>
/// 返回完整路径
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strPath">Xml的路径</param>
private static string GetXmlFullPath(string strPath)
{
if (strPath.IndexOf(":") > )
{
return strPath;
}
else
{
return System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(strPath);
}
}
#endregion #region 读取数据
/// <summary>
/// 读取指定节点的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Read("/Node", "")
/// XMLProsess.Read("/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']")
public string Read(string node)
{
string value = "";
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
value = xn.InnerText;
}
catch { }
return value;
} /// <summary>
/// 读取指定路径和节点的串联值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时返回该属性值，否则返回串联值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node", "")
/// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']")
public static string Read(string path, string node)
{
string value = "";
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
value = xn.InnerText;
}
catch { }
return value;
} /// <summary>
/// 读取指定路径和节点的属性值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时返回该属性值，否则返回串联值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node", "")
/// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']", "Attribute")
public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
string value = "";
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);
}
catch { }
return value;
} /// <summary>
/// 获取某一节点的所有孩子节点的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="node">要查询的节点</param>
public string[] ReadAllChildallValue(string node)
{
int i = ;
string[] str = { };
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlNodeList nodelist = xn.ChildNodes; //得到该节点的子节点
if (nodelist.Count > )
{
str = new string[nodelist.Count];
foreach (XmlElement el in nodelist)//读元素值
{
str[i] = el.Value;
i++;
}
}
return str;
} /// <summary>
/// 获取某一节点的所有孩子节点的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="node">要查询的节点</param>
public XmlNodeList ReadAllChild(string node)
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlNodeList nodelist = xn.ChildNodes; //得到该节点的子节点
return nodelist;
} /// <summary>
/// 读取XML返回经排序或筛选后的DataView
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strWhere">筛选条件，如:"name='kgdiwss'"</param>
/// <param name="strSort"> 排序条件，如:"Id desc"</param>
public DataView GetDataViewByXml(string strWhere, string strSort)
{
try
{
string XMLFile = this.XMLPath;
string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLFile;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(filename);
DataView dv = new DataView(ds.Tables[]); //创建DataView来完成排序或筛选操作
if (strSort != null)
{
dv.Sort = strSort; //对DataView中的记录进行排序
}
if (strWhere != null)
{
dv.RowFilter = strWhere; //对DataView中的记录进行筛选，找到我们想要的记录
}
return dv;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return null;
}
} /// <summary>
/// 读取XML返回DataSet
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件相对路径</param>
public DataSet GetDataSetByXml(string strXmlPath)
{
try
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
if (ds.Tables.Count > )
{
return ds;
}
return null;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return null;
}
}
#endregion #region 插入数据
/// <summary>
/// 插入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="element">元素名，非空时插入新元素，否则在该元素中插入属性</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时插入该元素属性值，否则插入元素值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "", "Value")
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "Attribute", "Value")
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Attribute", "Value")
public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
if (element.Equals(""))
{
if (!attribute.Equals(""))
{
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
}
}
else
{
XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xe.InnerText = value;
else
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
xn.AppendChild(xe);
}
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 插入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="element">元素名，非空时插入新元素，否则在该元素中插入属性</param>
/// <param name="strList">由XML属性名和值组成的二维数组</param>
public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string[][] strList)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
string strAttribute = "";
string strValue = "";
for (int i = ; i < strList.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = ; j < strList[i].Length; j++)
{
if (j == )
strAttribute = strList[i][j];
else
strValue = strList[i][j];
}
if (strAttribute.Equals(""))
xe.InnerText = strValue;
else
xe.SetAttribute(strAttribute, strValue);
}
xn.AppendChild(xe);
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 插入一行数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件相对路径</param>
/// <param name="Columns">要插入行的列名数组，如：string[] Columns = {"name","IsMarried"};</param>
/// <param name="ColumnValue">要插入行每列的值数组，如：string[] ColumnValue={"XML大全","false"};</param>
/// <returns>成功返回true,否则返回false</returns>
public static bool WriteXmlByDataSet(string strXmlPath, string[] Columns, string[] ColumnValue)
{
try
{
//根据传入的XML路径得到.XSD的路径，两个文件放在同一个目录下
string strXsdPath = strXmlPath.Substring(, strXmlPath.IndexOf(".")) + ".xsd";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXmlSchema(GetXmlFullPath(strXsdPath)); //读XML架构，关系到列的数据类型
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
DataTable dt = ds.Tables[];
DataRow newRow = dt.NewRow(); //在原来的表格基础上创建新行
for (int i = ; i < Columns.Length; i++) //循环给一行中的各个列赋值
{
newRow[Columns[i]] = ColumnValue[i];
}
dt.Rows.Add(newRow);
dt.AcceptChanges();
ds.AcceptChanges();
ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
}
#endregion #region 修改数据
/// <summary>
/// 修改指定节点的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
public void Update(string node, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
xn.InnerText = value;
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLPath);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 修改指定节点的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node","Value")
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node","Value")
public static void Update(string path, string node, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
xn.InnerText = value;
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 修改指定节点的属性值(静态)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时修改该节点属性值，否则修改节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Value")
/// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Attribute", "Value")
public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xe.InnerText = value;
else
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 更改符合条件的一条记录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件路径</param>
/// <param name="Columns">列名数组</param>
/// <param name="ColumnValue">列值数组</param>
/// <param name="strWhereColumnName">条件列名</param>
/// <param name="strWhereColumnValue">条件列值</param>
public static bool UpdateXmlRow(string strXmlPath, string[] Columns, string[] ColumnValue, string strWhereColumnName, string strWhereColumnValue)
{
try
{
string strXsdPath = strXmlPath.Substring(, strXmlPath.IndexOf(".")) + ".xsd";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXmlSchema(GetXmlFullPath(strXsdPath));//读XML架构，关系到列的数据类型
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath)); //先判断行数
if (ds.Tables[].Rows.Count > )
{
for (int i = ; i < ds.Tables[].Rows.Count; i++)
{
//如果当前记录为符合Where条件的记录
if (ds.Tables[].Rows[i][strWhereColumnName].ToString().Trim().Equals(strWhereColumnValue))
{
//循环给找到行的各列赋新值
for (int j = ; j < Columns.Length; j++)
{
ds.Tables[].Rows[i][Columns[j]] = ColumnValue[j];
}
ds.AcceptChanges(); //更新DataSet
ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));//重新写入XML文件
return true;
}
} }
return false;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
}
#endregion #region 删除数据
/// <summary>
/// 删除节点值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时删除该节点属性值，否则删除节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "")
/// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "Attribute")
public static void Delete(string path, string node)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
xn.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xn);
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 删除数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名，非空时删除该节点属性值，否则删除节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// 使用示列:
/// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "")
/// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "Attribute")
public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xn.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xn);
else
xe.RemoveAttribute(attribute);
doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
}
catch { }
} /// <summary>
/// 删除所有行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strXmlPath">XML路径</param>
public static bool DeleteXmlAllRows(string strXmlPath)
{
try
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
if (ds.Tables[].Rows.Count > )
{
ds.Tables[].Rows.Clear();
}
ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
} /// <summary>
/// 通过删除DataSet中指定索引行，重写XML以实现删除指定行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iDeleteRow">要删除的行在DataSet中的Index值</param>
public static bool DeleteXmlRowByIndex(string strXmlPath, int iDeleteRow)
{
try
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
if (ds.Tables[].Rows.Count > )
{
ds.Tables[].Rows[iDeleteRow].Delete();
}
ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
} /// <summary>
/// 删除指定列中指定值的行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strXmlPath">XML相对路径</param>
/// <param name="strColumn">列名</param>
/// <param name="ColumnValue">指定值</param>
public static bool DeleteXmlRows(string strXmlPath, string strColumn, string[] ColumnValue)
{
try
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
if (ds.Tables[].Rows.Count > )
{
//判断行多还是删除的值多，多的for循环放在里面
if (ColumnValue.Length > ds.Tables[].Rows.Count)
{
for (int i = ; i < ds.Tables[].Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = ; j < ColumnValue.Length; j++)
{
if (ds.Tables[].Rows[i][strColumn].ToString().Trim().Equals(ColumnValue[j]))
{
ds.Tables[].Rows[i].Delete();
}
}
}
}
else
{
for (int j = ; j < ColumnValue.Length; j++)
{
for (int i = ; i < ds.Tables[].Rows.Count; i++)
{
if (ds.Tables[].Rows[i][strColumn].ToString().Trim().Equals(ColumnValue[j]))
{
ds.Tables[].Rows[i].Delete();
}
}
}
}
ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
}
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
}
#endregion
}
}