SpringBoot+Quartz+MySQL实现分布式定时任务

第一步:引入依赖

     <!--quartz相关依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>${quartz.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
            <version>${quartz.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--定时任务需要依赖context模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>

第二步:创建MySQL表,Quartz是基于表来感知其他定时任务节点的,节点间不会直接通信。建表语句在jar包中自带了。

org\quartz-scheduler\quartz\2.3.0\quartz-2.3.0.jar!\org\quartz\impl\jdbcjobstore\tables_mysql_innodb.sql

SpringBoot+Quartz+MySQL实现分布式定时任务

 

 

 第三步:配置线程池,我这里是因为项目的其他地方有用到线程池,你也可以选择在Quartz的配置类中注入。

(我在其他位置使用了线程池,占用了一个线程,所以当我将核心线程数量设置为1时,定时任务不会执行;需确保有足够的线程来执行)

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

/**
 * @Author 1
 * @Description 配置线程池交给Spring容器管理
 * @Date 2020/8/26 18:23
 **/
@Configuration
public class ExecturConfig {
    @Bean("taskExector")
    public Executor taskExector() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //核心线程池数量
        executor.setCorePoolSize(2);
        //最大线程数量
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(5);
        //线程池的队列容量
        executor.setQueueCapacity(10);
        //线程名称的前缀
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("expireOrderHandle-");
        //配置拒绝策略
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }

}

第四步:因为定时任务业务中需要使用到注入Spring容器的类,所以配置注入,否则报空指针异常。

参考了一位大佬的博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39513430/article/details/104996237

import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.AdaptableJobFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("myAdaptableJobFactory")
public class MyAdaptableJobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory {

    //AutowireCapableBeanFactory 可以将一个对象添加到SpringIOC容器中,并且完成该对象注入
    @Autowired
    private AutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireCapableBeanFactory;
    
    /**
     * 该方法需要将实例化的任务对象手动的添加到springIOC容器中并且完成对象的注入
     */
    @Override
    protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
        Object obj = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
        //将obj对象添加Spring IOC容器中,并完成注入
        this.autowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBean(obj);
        return obj;
    }

}

第五步:添加Quartz属性文件

关于属性配置解释参考https://blog.csdn.net/github_36429631/article/details/63254055

#============================================================================
# Configure JobStore
# Using Spring datasource in SchedulerConfig.java
# Spring uses LocalDataSourceJobStore extension of JobStoreCMT
#============================================================================
#设置为TRUE不会出现序列化非字符串类到 BLOB 时产生的类版本问题
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties=true
#quartz相关数据表前缀名
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
#开启分布式部署
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true
#分布式节点有效性检查时间间隔,单位:毫秒
org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval = 20000
#信息保存时间 默认值60秒
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000
#事务隔离级别为“读已提交”
org.quartz.jobStore.txIsolationLevelReadCommitted = true
#配置线程池实现类
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate

#============================================================================
# Configure Main Scheduler Properties
# Needed to manage cluster instances
#============================================================================
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = ClusterQuartz
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId= AUTO
#如果你想quartz-scheduler出口本身通过RMI作为服务器,然后设置“出口”标志true(默认值为false)。
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = false
#true:链接远程服务调度(客户端),这个也要指定registryhost和registryport,默认为false
# 如果export和proxy同时指定为true,则export的设置将被忽略
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction = false

#============================================================================
# Configure ThreadPool
# Can also be configured in spring configuration
#============================================================================
#线程池的实现类(一般使用SimpleThreadPool即可满足几乎所有用户的需求)
#org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
#org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5
#org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
#org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true

第六步:写任务类

package com.website.task;

import com.website.mapper.WebTeacherMapper;
import com.website.pojo.ao.TeacherSalaryRuleAO;
import com.website.pojo.bo.TeacherSalaryRuleDetailBO;
import com.website.pojo.bo.TeacherSalaryRuleRelationBO;
import com.website.pojo.bo.TeacherSalaryStatTempBO;
import com.website.pojo.bo.TeacherSalaryStatisticBO;
import io.jsonwebtoken.lang.Collections;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.quartz.DisallowConcurrentExecution;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.PersistJobDataAfterExecution;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
@Slf4j
public class QuartzJob extends QuartzJobBean {
    @Autowired
    private WebTeacherMapper webTeacherMapper;

    @Override
    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        log.info("统计老师月薪资定时任务开始执行。");
        System.out.println("任务编写位置");
        log.info("统计老师月薪资定时任务执行完毕。");
    }

}

第七步:配置定时器

import com.website.task.QuartzJob;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.TriggerKey;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

@Configuration
public class SchedulerConfig {

    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    private Executor taskExector;

    @Autowired
    private MyAdaptableJobFactory myAdaptableJobFactory;



    @Bean
    public Scheduler scheduler() throws Exception {
        Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler();
        TriggerKey triggerKey1 = TriggerKey.triggerKey("trigger1", "TriggerTest111");
        /*========如果有必要可以配置删除任务,开始====================*/
        //停止触发器
//        scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey1);
        //移除触发器
//        scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerKey1);
//        JobKey jobKey1 = JobKey.jobKey("job1111------", "quartzTest--------");
        //删除任务
//        boolean b = scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey1);
//        System.out.println(b);
        /*=========结束====================*/
        scheduler.start();
        return scheduler;
    }

    @Bean
    public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
        SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
        //开启更新job
        factory.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
        //如果不配置就会使用quartz.properties中的instanceName
        //factory.setSchedulerName("Cluster_Scheduler");
        //配置数据源,这是quartz使用的表的数据库存放位置
        factory.setDataSource(dataSource);
        //设置实例在spring容器中的key
        factory.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContext");
        //配置线程池
        factory.setTaskExecutor(taskExector);
        //配置配置文件
        factory.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties());
        //设置调度器自动运行
        factory.setAutoStartup(true);
        //配置任务执行规则,参数是一个可变数组
        factory.setTriggers(trigger1().getObject());
        // 解决mapper无法注入问题,此处配合第四步的配置。
        factory.setJobFactory(myAdaptableJobFactory);
        return factory;
    }


    @Bean
    public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException {
        PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));

        // 在quartz.properties中的属性被读取并注入后再初始化对象
        propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
        return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean
    public JobDetailFactoryBean job1() {
        JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail = new JobDetailFactoryBean();
        //配置任务的具体实现
        jobDetail.setJobClass(QuartzJob.class);
        //是否持久化
        jobDetail.setDurability(true);
        //出现异常是否重新执行
        jobDetail.setRequestsRecovery(true);
        //配置定时任务信息
        jobDetail.setName("TeacherSalaryJob");
        jobDetail.setGroup("TeacherSalaryJobGroup");
        jobDetail.setDescription("这是每月1号凌晨统计教师薪资任务");
        return jobDetail;
    }

    @Bean
    public CronTriggerFactoryBean trigger1() {
        CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTrigger = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
        //定时规则的分组
        cronTrigger.setGroup("TeacherSalaryTriggerGroup");
        cronTrigger.setName("TeacherSalaryTrigger");
        //配置执行的任务jobdetail
        cronTrigger.setJobDetail(job1().getObject());
        //配置执行规则 每月一号0点过1分执行一次
        cronTrigger.setCronExpression("0 1 0 1 * ? ");
        return cronTrigger;
    }

}

到此完毕,另外发现如果执行任务的代码中报错,会导致定时任务停止循环,重启也不会再执行。建议任务内容用try...catch代码块包裹起来,打印好日志。

已中断的任务清空Quartz所有表格,再启动项目即可再次触发启动任务。

如果某一天定时任务突然不执行了,网上很多情况都是远程调用没有加超时中断,从而导致线程阻塞引起的。

 

抛异常中断周期执行原因暂未明确,有知道的大佬还请不吝赐教。

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