java基于token验证之登陆验证

2022-09-16 13:47:22

对于前后端分离的项目来说session来判断是否登陆实现比较困难，token是比较好的方式。

大概流程：

1.用户登陆，若成功则后台生成一个token，并把此token返回给客户端浏览器

2.客户端接收到token后，每次请求都要把此token放到header中发给后段

3.后段使用拦截器判断token的正确性和实效性。

以下是具体代码：

Token工具类：

package com.zsd.analyst.util;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * JWT工具类
 *
 * @author SuperMu
 * @Date: 2018/8/17  15:26
 */
public class JwtTokenUtil implements Serializable {


    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6065288623015212853L;

    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_CREATED = "created";
    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_ID = "jti";


    //#过期时间(秒) 目前有效期为10天
    private static final long expiration = 15 * 60 * 1000;

    /**
     * token秘钥，请勿泄露，请勿随便修改
     */
    private static final String secret = "JCKLJSDToasdlfj";


    /**
     * 从数据声明生成令牌
     *
     * @param claims 数据声明
     * @return 令牌
     */
    private static String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {
        Date expirationDate = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000L);
        return Jwts.builder().setClaims(claims).setExpiration(expirationDate).signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret).compact();
    }

    /**
     * 从令牌中获取数据声明
     *
     * @param token 令牌
     * @return 数据声明
     */
    private static Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims;
        try {
            claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            claims = null;
        }
        return claims;
    }

    /**
     * 生成令牌
     *
     * @return 令牌
     */
    public static String generateToken(Long userId) {
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
        //claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_ID, userId);
        return generateToken(claims);
    }


    /**
     * 从令牌中获取用户ID
     *
     * @param token 令牌
     * @return id
     */
    public static Long getIdFromToken(String token) {
        Long id;
        try {
            Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
            id = Long.valueOf(claims.getId());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            id = null;
        }
        return id;
    }


    /**
     * 判断令牌是否过期
     *
     * @param token 令牌
     * @return 是否过期
     */
    public static Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
        try {
            Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
            Date expiration = claims.getExpiration();
            return expiration.before(new Date());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 刷新令牌
     *
     * @param token 原令牌
     * @return 新令牌
     */
    public static String refreshToken(String token) {
        String refreshedToken;
        try {
            Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
            claims.put("created", new Date());
            refreshedToken = generateToken(claims);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            refreshedToken = null;
        }
        return refreshedToken;
    }

    /**
     * 验证令牌
     *
     * @param token  令牌
     * @param userId 用户Id
     * @return 是否有效
     */
    public static Boolean validateToken(String token, Long userId) {
        Long id = getIdFromToken(token);
        return (id.equals(userId) && !isTokenExpired(token));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("得到用户id=="+generateToken(1L));
    }
}

注册拦截器：

package com.zsd.analyst.util;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;


//@Configuration
public class LoginAdapter implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    //解决跨域问题
    @Override
    public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
        registry.addMapping("/**")
                .allowedHeaders("Content-Type","X-Requested-With","accept,Origin","Access-Control-Request-Method","Access-Control-Request-Headers","token")
                .allowedMethods("*")
                .allowedOrigins("*")
//是否允许使用cookie
                .allowCredentials(true);
    }




    @Autowired
    private TokenRefreshFilter tokenRefreshFilter;


    // 这个方法是用来配置静态资源的，比如html，js，css，等等
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    }



    // 这个方法用来注册拦截器，我们自己写好的拦截器需要通过这里添加注册才能生效
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        System.out.println("进入拦截器");
        //addPathPatterns是表明拦截哪些请求
        //excludePathPatterns是对哪些请求不做拦截
        registry.addInterceptor(tokenRefreshFilter).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/login").excludePathPatterns("/backLogin");
    }


}

拦截器：

package com.zsd.analyst.util;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

//@Component
public class TokenRefreshFilter implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        Cookie[] tokens = request.getCookies();
        String token = null;
        for (Cookie cookie : tokens) {
            if (cookie.getName().equals("token")){
                token = cookie.getValue();
            }
        }
        if (null == token) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("data", "token is null");
            map.put("code", "401");
            response.getWriter().write(JSONObject.toJSONString(map));
            return false;
        } else {
            boolean result = JwtTokenUtil.isTokenExpired(token);

            if (result) {
                //更新存储的token信息
                response.setHeader("token", JwtTokenUtil.refreshToken(token));
                return true;
            }

            return true;
        }
    }
}

cookieUtil:

package com.zsd.analyst.util;

import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieUtil {
    public static final String TOKEN_NAME = "token";
    public static final int TOKEN_EXPIRESECONDS = 1800;
    //往浏览器写入cookie信息
    public static void addCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String cookieName, String cookieValue, int expireSeconds){
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie(cookieName,cookieValue);
        cookie.setDomain("localhost");//作用域，用户请求哪个域名的时候回带上该cookie信息,域名应该是nginx域名或者zuul域名
        cookie.setPath("/");
        cookie.setMaxAge(expireSeconds);
        response.addCookie(cookie);
    }
    //从请求中获取指定Cookie的信息.
    public static String getCookie(HttpServletRequest request, String cookieName){
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        if(cookies==null || cookies.length==0){
            //请求中没有cookie的信息,不需要做任何的逻辑
            return null;
        }
        for(Cookie cookie:cookies){
            if(cookie.getName().equals(cookieName)){
                return cookie.getValue();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}
登录后把token加到cookie中

CookieUtil.addCookie(response,"token",JwtTokenUtil.generateToken(accountInfo.getId()),CookieUtil.TOKEN_EXPIRESECONDS);

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