贪心算法实现十进制数转换成二进制八进制十六进制

进制转换的原理:

  1. 先将一个十进制数转换成二进制数;
    (构造一个0 ~2^30的数组,用number和数组中每个元素逆序比大小, 如果number >= quan_arr[i], 就让number -= quan_arr[i]; 并且该位置的数就置为1,否则该位置的数置为0, 直到number减为0);
  2. 对quan_arr数组进行不同进制的处理,贪心算法
    贪心算法的思想,从局部最优到整体最优;
    例如八进制:3位可以表示一个数,从数组的0下标开始,依次往后取三位计算出值存入一个临时数组中,所有的二进制位计算完毕后, 将临时数组的值输出即可;
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#define MAX_VALUE 2147483648

void two(int* arr, int high);
void eight(int* arr, int high);
void sixteen(int* arr, int high);


void two(int* arr, int high)
{
	if(arr == NULL || high < 0)
		return;
	printf("二进制:");
	for(int i = high; i >=0; i--)
	{
		printf("%d",arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void eight(int* arr, int high)
{
	if(arr == NULL || high < 0)
		return;
	printf("八进制:");
	int sum = 0;
	int count = high / 3 + 1;
	int j = 0;
	int* tmp =(int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * count);
	if(tmp == NULL) return;
	memset(tmp, 0, sizeof(int) * count);

	for(int i = 0; i <= high; i++)
	{
		sum += pow(2.0, i % 3) * arr[i];
		if((i + 1) % 3 == 0 || i == high)
		{
			tmp[j++] = sum;
			sum = 0;
		}
	}
	for(int i = count; i >= 0; i--)
	{
		printf("%d", tmp[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	free(tmp);
	tmp = NULL;
}

void sixteen(int* arr, int high)
{
	if(arr == NULL || high < 0)
		return;
	printf("十六进制:");
	int sum = 0;
	int count = high / 4 + 1;
	int j = 0;
	int* tmp =(int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * count);
	if(tmp == NULL) return;
	memset(tmp, 0, sizeof(int) * count);

	for(int i = 0; i <= high; i++)
	{
		sum += pow(2.0, i % 4) * arr[i];
		if((i + 1) % 4 == 0 || i == high)
		{
			tmp[j++] = sum;
			sum = 0;
		}
	}
	for(int i = count; i >= 0; i--)
	{
		printf("%x", tmp[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	free(tmp);
}
//贪心算法实现进制的转换
int calculate(int num)
{
	if(num < 0 || num > MAX_VALUE)
		return -1;
	int* quan_arr = (unsigned int*)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * 31);
	if(quan_arr == NULL) return -1;
	memset(quan_arr, 0, sizeof(int) * 31);
	for(int i = 0; i < 31; i++)
	{
		quan_arr[i] = (unsigned int)pow(2.0, (double)i);
	}
		//val   1 2 4 8 16 32...10737411824
		//index 0 1 2 3 4  5 ...30           
	for(int i = 30; i >=0; i--)
	{
		if(num >= quan_arr[i])
		{
			num -= quan_arr[i];
			//将最高位制成1
			quan_arr[i] = 1;
		}
		else
		{
			//不否和的0
			quan_arr[i] = 0;
		}
	}
		//得到quan_arr
		//val 	:0 0 0 1 0 0 ... 二进制
		//index	:0 1 2 3 4 5 6	...	下标
		
		//处理多余的0
	int count = 0;
	for(int i = 30; i >= 0; i--)
	{
		if(quan_arr[i] == 0)
		{
			continue;
		}
		count = i;
		break;
	}
		//count下标对应的数字是第一个1是最高位
	two(quan_arr, count);
	eight(quan_arr, count);
	sixteen(quan_arr, count);

	free(quan_arr);
	quan_arr = NULL;
	return 0;

}
int main()
{
	int num = 0;
	while(1)
	{
		printf("请输入一个十进制数(退出-1):\n");
		scanf("%d",&num);
		if(num == -1)
			break;
		calculate(num);
	}
	return 0;
}

结果:
贪心算法实现十进制数转换成二进制八进制十六进制

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