此篇将介绍C#如何在运行时动态调用方法。当某些类型是运行时动态确定时,编译时的静态编码是无法解决这些动态对象或类的方法调用的。此篇则给你一把利剑,让动态对象的方法调用成为可能。
1.动态调用dll里的方法
- <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:12px;">/// <summary>
- /// 该类将被独立编入Class1.dll汇编
- /// </summary>
- class Class1
- {
- public static string method1()
- {
- return "I am Static method (method1) in class1";
- }
- public string method2()
- {
- return "I am a Instance Method (method2) in Class1";
- }
- public string method3(string s)
- {
- return "Hello " + s;
- }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 该类独立放入Test.exe汇编
- /// </summary>
- class DynamicInvoke
- {
- public static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- // 动态加载汇编
- string path = "Class1.dll";
- Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(path);
- // 根据类型名得到Type
- Type type = assembly.GetType("Class1");
- // 1.根据方法名动态调用静态方法
- string str = (string)type.InvokeMember("method1", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, new object[] { });
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- // 2.根据方法名动态调用动态对象的成员方法
- object o = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
- str = (string)type.InvokeMember("method2", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, o, new object[] { });
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- // 3.根据方法名动态调用动态对象的有参成员方法
- object[] par = new object[] { "kunal" };
- str = (string)type.InvokeMember("method3", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, o, par);
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- // 带out修饰的InvokeMember
- // System.Int32 中 public static bool TryParse(string s, out int result) 方法的调用
- var arguments = new object[] { str, null }; // 注意这里只能将参数写在外面,out参数为null也没有关系
- typeof(int).InvokeMember("TryParse", System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Static,
- null, null, arguments);
- Console.WriteLine(arguments[1]);
- }
- }</span>
2.动态加载类文件并调用方法:
- <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:12px;">using System;
- using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Reflection;
- using System.Threading;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using Microsoft.CSharp;
- namespace _32.DynamicReflection
- {
- internal class Program
- {
- private static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- #region 内置标签方法 (动态加载)
- const string className = "DynamicReflection.Test"; //类名称一定要全称
- string fileName = <strong>Thread.GetDomain().BaseDirectory + "Test.cs";</strong>
- if (File.Exists(fileName))
- {
- var sourceFile = new FileInfo(fileName);
- CodeDomProvider provider = new CSharpCodeProvider();
- var cp = new CompilerParameters();
- cp.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); //添加命名空间引用
- cp.GenerateExecutable = false; // 生成类库
- cp.GenerateInMemory = true; // 保存到内存
- cp.TreatWarningsAsErrors = false; // 不将编译警告作为错误
- // 编译
- CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromFile(cp, sourceFile.FullName);
- if (cr.Errors.Count < 1)
- {
- Assembly asm = cr.CompiledAssembly; // 加载
- //1.调用静态方法
- Type type = asm.GetType(className);
- var str =(string)type.InvokeMember("SayHello1", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, new object[] {});
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- //2.调用实例方法
- object instance = asm.CreateInstance(className);
- str =(string)type.InvokeMember("SayHello2", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, instance,new object[] {});
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- //3.调用带参数的方法
- var par = new object[] {"zhangqs008"};
- str =(string)type.InvokeMember("SayHello3", BindingFlags.Default | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, instance,par);
- Console.WriteLine(str);
- Console.Read();
- }
- else
- {
- string msg = null;
- for (int index = 0; index < cr.Errors.Count; index++)
- {
- CompilerError error = cr.Errors[index];
- msg += "【错误" + (index + 1) + "】" + Environment.NewLine;
- msg += "[文件] " + error.FileName + Environment.NewLine;
- msg += "[位置] 行" + error.Line + ",列" + error.Column + Environment.NewLine;
- msg += "[信息] " + error.ErrorText + Environment.NewLine;
- msg += Environment.NewLine;
- }
- MessageBox.Show(msg, "内置方法类编译错误");
- }
- }
- #endregion
- }
- }
- }</span>
类文件:
- <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:12px;">namespace DynamicReflection
- {
- public class Test
- {
- public static string SayHello1()
- {
- return "hello static method";
- }
- public string SayHello2()
- {
- return "hello instance method";
- }
- public string SayHello3(string args)
- {
- return "hello args " + args;
- }
- }
- }
- </span>