微信之获取微信的openid(二)详细版

2023-12-29 09:17:16

第一步：配置测试号，网页授权获取用户基本信息。

该授权回掉页面域名为ngrok 映射的域名，我的映射地址是127.0.0.1：8080。

到此微信配置完毕，接下来就是直接上代码了

2.用户同意授权

　　　　我是把这个url写在微信菜单下的，当进入这个页面的时候就让用户同意。注意：好像是静默授权的，用户不知道

　　　　1.url:
　　　　　　https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=url&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=park#wechat_redirect

参数：appid:公众号的唯一标识

　　　　　　　redirect_uri:重定向的url,就是授权后要跳转的页面

　　　　　　　scope:应用授权作用域

　　　　　　　　　　snsapi_base:不弹出授权页面，直接跳转，只能获取用户openid

　　　　　　　　　　snsapi_userinfo:弹出授权页面，可通过openid拿到昵称、性别、所在地

　　　　　　 state:重定向后带的参数

　　　　2.用户同意后会产生一个code,只有5分钟时间的有效期。

先说第一种

　　(1)首先需要先访问微信的链接

　　　　https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx&redirect_uri=http://xxxxxx/open/openid&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base

这里的 uri就是直接回掉我们的服务地址，一定要记住，服务校验的判断，我是按照来判断的echostr(第二种方式也是这样)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/open")
public class OpenController {
  @RequestMapping("/toOpenId")
  public @ResponseBody String getOpenId(String code,String echostr,HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException{
    if(echostr==null){
      String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=wx24d47d2080f54c5b&secret=95011ac70909e8cca2786217dd80ee3f&code="+code+"&grant_type=authorization_code";
      System.out.println(code);
      String openId="";
      try {
        URL getUrl=new URL(url);
        HttpURLConnection http=(HttpURLConnection)getUrl.openConnection();
        http.setRequestMethod("GET"); 
        http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        http.setDoOutput(true);
        http.setDoInput(true);
        http.connect();
        InputStream is = http.getInputStream(); 
        int size = is.available(); 
        byte[] b = new byte[size];
        is.read(b);
        String message = new String(b, "UTF-8");
        JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(message);
        openId = json.getString("openid");
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      return openId;
    }else{
      PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
      out.print(echostr);
      return null;
    }
  }
  //做服务器校验
  @RequestMapping("/tovalid")
  public void valid(String echostr,HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException{
    PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
    out.print(echostr);
  }
}

第二种

　　　　(1)

https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=xxxxxxxx&redirect_uri=http:// 域名

/open/openid&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1&connect_redirect=1#wechat_redirect

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/weixin")
public class Oauth2Action {
  @RequestMapping("/oauth")
  public void auth(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
    if(echostr==null){
      String appId = "wx24d47d2080f54c5b";
      String appSecret = "95011ac70909e8cca2786217dd80ee3f";
      //拼接
      String get_access_token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?"
          + "appid="
          + appId
          + "&secret="
          + appSecret
          + "&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
      String get_userinfo = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";
      request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
      response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
      String code = request.getParameter("code");
      System.out.println("******************code=" + code);
      get_access_token_url = get_access_token_url.replace("CODE", code);
      String json = HttpsGetUtil.doHttpsGetJson(get_access_token_url);
      JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(json);
      String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
      String openid = jsonObject.getString("openid");
      get_userinfo = get_userinfo.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token);
      get_userinfo = get_userinfo.replace("OPENID", openid);
      String userInfoJson = HttpsGetUtil.doHttpsGetJson(get_userinfo);
      JSONObject userInfoJO = JSONObject.fromObject(userInfoJson);
      String user_openid = userInfoJO.getString("openid");
      String user_nickname = userInfoJO.getString("nickname");
      String user_sex = userInfoJO.getString("sex");
      String user_province = userInfoJO.getString("province");
      String user_city = userInfoJO.getString("city");
      String user_country = userInfoJO.getString("country");
      String user_headimgurl = userInfoJO.getString("headimgurl");
      response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
      PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
      out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");
      out.println("<HTML>");
      out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");
      out.println(" <BODY>");
      out.print(" This is ");
      out.print(this.getClass());
      out.println(", using the POST method \n");
      out.println("openid:" + user_openid + "\n\n");
      out.println("nickname:" + user_nickname + "\n\n");
      out.println("sex:" + user_sex + "\n\n");
      out.println("province:" + user_province + "\n\n");
      out.println("city:" + user_city + "\n\n");
      out.println("country:" + user_country + "\n\n");
      out.println("<img src=/" + user_headimgurl + "/");
      out.println(">");
      out.println(" </BODY>");
      out.println("</HTML>");
      out.flush();
      out.close();
    }else{
      PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
      out.print(echostr);
    }
  }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class HttpsGetUtil {
  public static String doHttpsGetJson(String Url)
  {
    String message = "";
    try
    {
      System.out.println("doHttpsGetJson");//TODO:dd
      URL urlGet = new URL(Url);
      HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection) urlGet.openConnection(); 
      http.setRequestMethod("GET");   //必须是get方式请求  24      
      http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); 
      http.setDoOutput(true); 
      http.setDoInput(true);
      System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");//连接超时30秒28   
      System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); //读取超时30秒29 30    
      http.connect();
      InputStream is =http.getInputStream();
      int size =is.available();
      byte[] jsonBytes =new byte[size];
      is.read(jsonBytes);
      message=new String(jsonBytes,"UTF-8");
    } 
    catch (MalformedURLException e)
    {
       e.printStackTrace();
     }
    catch (IOException e)
     {
       e.printStackTrace();
     } 
    return message;
  }
}

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