如果把数据库从11g 升级到12c，或者在12c中创建的，就是NON CDB，那么这样的数据库就是普通的单实例，
和12c 之前的数据库没有区别，但12c 的特点就是CDB 管理，所以既然上12c，还是要切换成CDB 进行管理。

所以下面的测试步骤，就是把NON CDB 切换成CDB的步骤。

1.当前环境说明

当前数据库里已经启动了2个实例： bishuo和 test。

bishuo:/home/oracle@oracle>ps -ef |grep pmon

oracle     3666      1  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_bishuo
oracle     4507      1  0 13:49 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_test
oracle     4693 189245  0 13:49 pts/1    00:00:00 grep pmon

其中bishuo数据库是12C的CDB数据库：
SQL> select name,CDB from v$database;
 
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
BISHUO      YES

test数据库是12C的non cdb数据库
SQL> select name,CDB from v$database;
 
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
TEST      NO
 
SQL> set lin 130;
SQL> select * from v$version;
 
BANNER                                             CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production          0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                              0
CORE    12.1.0.2.0    Production                              0
TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                          0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                              0 




2.开始切换


2.1 Cleanly shutdown 数据库并用read only 打开
SQL> select name,cdb from v$database;
 
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
TEST      NO
 
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
 
SQL> startup open read only;
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area 6442450944 bytes
Fixed Size            4511656 bytes
Variable Size         1124075608 bytes
Database Buffers     5301600256 bytes
Redo Buffers           12263424 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
 
SQL> select name,open_mode,cdb from v$database;
 
NAME      OPEN_MODE           CDB
--------- -------------------- ---
TEST      READ ONLY           NO




2.2 生成xml格式的数据库描述文件

SQL> BEGIN
  DBMS_PDB.DESCRIBE(pdb_descr_file => ‘/tmp/test.xml‘);
END;
/  2    3    4  
 
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.




2.3 关闭数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.



2.4 连接CDB并创建PDB

bishuo:/home/oracle@oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Nov 21 14:02:06 2017
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> select name,open_mode,cdb from v$database;
 
NAME      OPEN_MODE           CDB
--------- -------------------- ---
BISHUO      READ WRITE           YES
 
 
创建PDB:
 
SQL> select con_id,dbid,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
 
    CON_ID     DBID NAME                 OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
     2 1534143422 PDB$SEED                 READ ONLY
 
SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE test USING ‘/tmp/test.xml‘
COPY
FILE_NAME_CONVERT = (‘/home/oracle/oradata/12ctest/TEST/‘, ‘//home/oracle/oradata/bishuo/test/‘);  2    3  
 
Pluggable database created.


数据库复制成功：
test:/home/oracle/oradata/bishuo/test@oracle>pwd
/home/oracle/oradata/bishuo/test
test:/home/oracle/oradata/bishuo/test@oracle>ls
sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  temp01.dbf  users01.dbf 


2.5 切换到PDB并执行脚本
SQL> show pdbs
 
    CON_ID CON_NAME              OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
     2 PDB$SEED              READ ONLY  NO
     3 TEST               MOUNTED
SQL> alter session set container=test;
Session altered.
 
--执行脚本：
sql> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/noncdb_to_pdb.sql
 
这个脚本时间有点长，大概执行20分钟左右



2.6 启动PDB并检查状态
SQL> show pdbs
 
    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         3 TEST                           MOUNTED
         
SQL> show con_name 
 
CON_NAME
------------------------------
TEST

SQL> alter pluggable database test open;
 
Pluggable database altered.
 
SQL> show pdbs
 
    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         3 TEST                           READ WRITE NO
         
SQL> SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
 
NAME                           OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
TEST                           READ WRITE
 
1 row selected.
 
这是之前插入的测试数据：

SQL> select * from test;
 
        ID NAME
---------- ----------
         1 shiyu
 
1 row selected.