Spring Security允许开发人员轻松地将安全功能集成到J2EE Web应用程序中，它通过Servlet过滤器实现“用户自定义”安全检查。
在本教程中，我们将向您展示如何在Spring MVC中集成Spring Security 3.0并安全访问。在集成成功后，当我们查看页面的内容时用户需要先输入正确的“用户名”和“密码”。
1.目录结构
项目最终目录如下所示：
2.Spring Security依赖关系
为了正常运行 Spring security , 你需要加入 “spring-security-core.jar“, “spring-security-web.jar” and “spring-security-config.jar“. 在Maven库中你需要加入Spring配置库
pom.xml
<!-- Spring Security --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> </dependency>
3.Spring MVC Web应用程序
当访问“/welcome”跳转到“home.jsp”页面，稍后用Spring Security安全访问这个链接。
HomeController.java
package com.jd.vicapp; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; @Controller @RequestMapping("/welcome") public class HomeController { @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) public String printWelcome(Model model) { model.addAttribute("message", "Spring Security Hello World"); return "home"; } }
home.jsp
<html> <body> <h1>Message : ${message}</h1> </body> </html>
4.Spring Secuity:用户验证
创建一个单独的Spring配置文件去定义Spring Security相关的东西。它要实现的是：只有用户输入了正确的用户名“mkyong”和密码“123456”才可以访问“/welcome” 。
下面的Spring配置文件你应该明白是什么意思。
spring-security.xml
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd"> <http auto-config="true"> <intercept-url pattern="/" access="ROLE_USER" /> </http> <authentication-manager> <authentication-provider> <user-service> <user name="victorruan" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER" /> </user-service> </authentication-provider> </authentication-manager> </beans:beans>
5.整合Spring Security
想要在Web应用程序中整合Spring Security,只需加入“DelegatingFilterProxy”作为Servlet过滤器拦截到来的请求即可。
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml, /WEB-INF/spring/spring-security.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- Processes application requests --> <servlet> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- Spring Security --> <filter> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
6.Demo
就是以上这些配置了
当我们访问“http://localhost:8080/welcome”时，Spring Security 将会自动拦截到“http://localhost:8080/spring_security_login”登陆页面验证身份。
http://localhost:8080/spring_security_login页面如下所示：
如果输错了用户名和密码则页面会显示错误的消息，如下所示：
http://localhost:8080/spring_security_login?login_error
如果我们输对了用户名和密码，Spring Security则会跳转到欢迎页面，如下所示：
http://localhost:8080/welcome