在开发中我们可曾有过这样的需求，将某个网页嵌入到.Net应用中来，但Winform自带的web browser不怎么理想。CefSharp可以让我们在.Net应用中嵌入一个Chromium。它提供了WPF和Winform版的web browser 控件，能很好的渲染出HTML5效果而且和宿主程序有很强的交互能力。 git地址：https://github.com/cefsharp/CefSharp 。
在WPF中使用
在Nugget中输入CefSharp，找到CefSharp.WPF 并按照到工程中。
cefsharp不支持anycup,还需要设置一下目标平台为x86或x64. 具体请移步：http://www.cnblogs.com/yuefei/p/4123597.html
渲染效果
加入一个css3的动画：转动的风车。 元素结构还是很清晰，但动画效果还是没有浏览器流畅。
交互方法
cefsharp支持JavaScript和C#方法相互调用。首先需要注册一个绑定对象：
private void MainWindow_OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var wb = new ChromiumWebBrowser
{
Address = @"file:///D:/VS2012/Support/Main/Portal/Presentation/Portal.Client/Resources/BindingTest.html"
};
wb.RegisterJsObject("bound", new BoundObject());
WBGrid.Children.Add(wb);
}
BoundObject：
public class BoundObject
{
public int MyProperty { get; set; } public string MyReadOnlyProperty { get; internal set; }
public Type MyUnconvertibleProperty { get; set; }
public SubBoundObject SubObject { get; set; }
public ExceptionTestBoundObject ExceptionTestObject { get; set; } public uint[] MyUintArray
{
get { return new uint[] { , }; }
} public int[] MyIntArray
{
get { return new[] { , , , , , , , }; }
} public Array MyArray
{
get { return new short[] { , , }; }
} public byte[] MyBytes
{
get { return new byte[] { , , }; }
} public BoundObject()
{
MyProperty = ;
MyReadOnlyProperty = "I'm immutable!";
IgnoredProperty = "I am an Ignored Property";
MyUnconvertibleProperty = GetType();
SubObject = new SubBoundObject();
ExceptionTestObject = new ExceptionTestBoundObject();
} public void TestCallback(IJavascriptCallback javascriptCallback)
{
const int taskDelay = ; Task.Run(async () =>
{
await Task.Delay(taskDelay); await javascriptCallback.ExecuteAsync("This callback from C# was delayed " + taskDelay + "ms");
});
} public int EchoMyProperty()
{
return MyProperty;
} public string Repeat(string str, int n)
{
string result = String.Empty;
for (int i = ; i < n; i++)
{
result += str;
}
return result;
} public string EchoParamOrDefault(string param = "This is the default value")
{
return param;
} public void EchoVoid()
{
} public Boolean EchoBoolean(Boolean arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Boolean? EchoNullableBoolean(Boolean? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public SByte EchoSByte(SByte arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public SByte? EchoNullableSByte(SByte? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int16 EchoInt16(Int16 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int16? EchoNullableInt16(Int16? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int32 EchoInt32(Int32 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int32? EchoNullableInt32(Int32? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int64 EchoInt64(Int64 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Int64? EchoNullableInt64(Int64? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Byte EchoByte(Byte arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Byte? EchoNullableByte(Byte? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt16 EchoUInt16(UInt16 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt16? EchoNullableUInt16(UInt16? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt32 EchoUInt32(UInt32 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt32? EchoNullableUInt32(UInt32? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt64 EchoUInt64(UInt64 arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public UInt64? EchoNullableUInt64(UInt64? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Single EchoSingle(Single arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Single? EchoNullableSingle(Single? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Double EchoDouble(Double arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Double? EchoNullableDouble(Double? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Char EchoChar(Char arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Char? EchoNullableChar(Char? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public DateTime EchoDateTime(DateTime arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public DateTime? EchoNullableDateTime(DateTime? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Decimal EchoDecimal(Decimal arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public Decimal? EchoNullableDecimal(Decimal? arg0)
{
return arg0;
} public String EchoString(String arg0)
{
return arg0;
} // TODO: This will currently not work, as it causes a collision w/ the EchoString() method. We need to find a way around that I guess.
//public String echoString(String arg)
//{
// return "Lowercase echo: " + arg;
//} public String lowercaseMethod()
{
return "lowercase";
} public string ReturnJsonEmployeeList()
{
return "{\"employees\":[{\"firstName\":\"John\", \"lastName\":\"Doe\"},{\"firstName\":\"Anna\", \"lastName\":\"Smith\"},{\"firstName\":\"Peter\", \"lastName\":\"Jones\"}]}";
} [JavascriptIgnore]
public string IgnoredProperty { get; set; } [JavascriptIgnore]
public string IgnoredMethod()
{
return "I am an Ignored Method";
} public string ComplexParamObject(object param)
{
if (param == null)
{
return "param is null";
}
return "The param type is:" + param.GetType();
} public SubBoundObject GetSubObject()
{
return SubObject;
}
}
JavaScript调用C#方法并执行回调函数：
<p>
Javscript Callback Test
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function callback(s)
{
var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
result.innerText += "Callback: " + s+ "" + Date();
} function testCallback()
{
bound.testCallback(callback); var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
}
</script>
<button onclick="testCallback()">Test Callback</button>
<br />
<span id="cbresult"></span>
</p>
这里的bound就是我们注册的C#对象。其中包含一个TestCallback的方法。调用的时候不区分大小写。
public void TestCallback(IJavascriptCallback javascriptCallback)
{
const int taskDelay = ; Task.Run(async () =>
{
await Task.Delay(taskDelay); using (javascriptCallback)
{
await javascriptCallback.ExecuteAsync("This callback from C# was delayed " + taskDelay + "ms");
}
});
}
执行结果：
先执行了testCallback方法，然后执行了callback，返回了后台传递过来的参数。但如果再执行JavaScript之后页面跳转了，是不会再执行C#里面的回调函数的。
function testDisposedCallback()
{
bound.testCallback(callback); //这里的方法不会执行了。
var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
window.location.assign("http://www.baidu.com");
}
JavaScript执行有参数的C#方法
BoundObject有一个Repeat方法
public string Repeat(string str, int n)
{
string result = String.Empty;
for (int i = ; i < n; i++)
{
result += str;
}
return result;
}
JavaScript调用：
<p>
Result of calling bound.repeat("hi ", 5) =
<script type="text/javascript">
var result = bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
document.write('"' + result + '"');
if (result === "hi hi hi hi hi ")
{
document.write(" SUCCESS");
} else
{
document.write(" FAIL!");
}
</script>
</p>
执行结果：
委托C#方法
将绑定对象的方法作为参数传递给JavaScript方法。
<script type="text/javascript">
function myFunction(functionParam)
{
return functionParam();
}
document.write("委托输出属性结果: " + myFunction(bound.echoMyProperty));
</script>
echoMyProperty方法：
public int EchoMyProperty()
{
return MyProperty;//初始化为42
}
返回C#对象
BoundObject含有一个子对象 SubBoundObject。通过GetObject返回。
public SubBoundObject GetSubObject()
{
return SubObject;
}
SubBoundObject：
public class SubBoundObject
{
public string SimpleProperty { get; set; } public SubBoundObject()
{
SimpleProperty = "这是子对象属性";
} public string GetMyType()
{
return "My Type is " + GetType();
} public string EchoSimpleProperty()
{
return SimpleProperty;
}
}
JavaScript调用：
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty result: " + bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty);
</script>
执行结果：
获取bound对象的所有方法和属性
'bound的'所有方法:<br />
<ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
for (var name in bound)
{
if (bound[name].constructor.name != 'Function') continue;
document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
}
</script>
</ul> 'bound的'所有属性:<br />
<ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
for (var name in bound)
{
if (bound[name].constructor.name === 'Function') continue; document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
if (typeof bound[name] == "object" && bound[name] !== null)
{
//展示子对象属性
for (var sub in bound[name])
{
var type = bound[name][sub].constructor.name === 'Function' ? "Function" : "Property";
document.write("<li>" + name + "." + sub + "(" + type + ")" + "</li>");
}
}
}
</script>
</ul>
可以在C#对象中忽略掉属性和方法，这样就不会显示出来。
[JavascriptIgnore]
public string IgnoredProperty { get; set; } [JavascriptIgnore]
public string IgnoredMethod()
{
return "I am an Ignored Method";
}
整个测试页面：
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Binding Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>
Async Binding Test
<span id="asyncresult"></span>
<script type="text/javascript">
var asResult = document.getElementById('asyncresult'); function writeAsyncResult(call, end)
{
var p = document.createElement('p');
var br = document.createElement('br');
var br2 = document.createElement('br');
var title = document.createTextNode('Async Call: ');
var callText = document.createTextNode(call);
var endText = document.createTextNode(end); p.appendChild(title);
p.appendChild(br);
p.appendChild(callText);
p.appendChild(br2);
p.appendChild(endText); asResult.appendChild(p);
} function asyncError()
{
var call = "Async call (Throw Exception): " + Date();
boundAsync.error().catch(function (e)
{
var end = "Error: " + e + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
});
} function asyncDivOk()
{
var call = "Async call (Divide 16 / 2): " + Date();
boundAsync.div(16, 2).then(function (res)
{
var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
});
} function asyncDivFail()
{
var call = "Async call (Divide 16 /0): " + Date();
boundAsync.div(16, 0).then(function (res)
{
var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
},
function (e)
{
var end = "Error: " + e + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
});
} function asyncHello()
{
var call = "Async call (Hello): " + Date();
boundAsync.hello('CefSharp').then(function (res)
{
var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
});
} function asyncDoSomething()
{
var call = "Async call (Long Running Task): " + Date();
boundAsync.doSomething().then(function (res)
{
var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
writeAsyncResult(call, end);
});
} asyncError();
asyncDivOk();
asyncDivFail();
asyncDoSomething();
</script>
</p>
<p>
Javscript Callback Test
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function callback(s) {
var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
result.innerText += "Callback: " + s + "" + Date();
} function testCallback()
{
bound.testCallback(callback);
var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
}
</script>
<button onclick="testCallback()">Test Callback</button>
<br />
<span id="cbresult"></span>
</p> <p>
Disposed Javscript Callback Test (navigates to www.google.com before callback fires)
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function disposedCallback(s)
{
// This callback should be disposed and should not be called
window.alert("This callback should not have been called"); var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
result.innerText += "Callback: " + s + "" + Date();
} function testDisposedCallback()
{
bound.testCallback(callback); var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n"; window.location.assign("http://www.baidu.com");
}
</script>
<button onclick="testDisposedCallback()">Test Disposed Callback</button>
<br />
<span id="disposedcbresult"></span>
</p> <p>
Result of calling bound.repeat("hi ", 5) =
<script type="text/javascript">
var result = bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
document.write('"' + result + '"');
if (result === "hi hi hi hi hi ")
{
document.write(" SUCCESS");
} else
{
document.write(" FAIL!");
}
</script>
</p> <p>
委托c# 方法
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
function myFunction(functionParam)
{
return functionParam();
}
document.write("委托输出属性结果: " + myFunction(bound.echoMyProperty));
</script>
</p> <p>
Function returning complex type
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty result: " + bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty);
</script>
</p> <p>
Stress Test
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
var stressTestCallCount = 1000;
for (var i = 1; i <= stressTestCallCount; i++)
{
bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
} document.write("Stress Test done with : " + stressTestCallCount + " call to bound.repeat(\"hi \", 5)");
</script>
</p> <p>
JSON Serializer Test
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">
var json = bound.returnJsonEmployeeList();
var jsonObj = JSON.parse(json); document.write("Employee Count : " + jsonObj.employees.length + "<br/>"); for (var i = 0; i < jsonObj.employees.length; i++)
{
var employee = jsonObj.employees[i];
document.write("Employee : " + employee.firstName + " " + employee.lastName + "<br/>");
}
</script>
</p> 'bound的'所有方法:<br />
<ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
for (var name in bound)
{
if (bound[name].constructor.name != 'Function') continue;
document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
}
</script>
</ul> 'bound的'所有属性:<br />
<ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
for (var name in bound)
{
if (bound[name].constructor.name === 'Function') continue; document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
if (typeof bound[name] == "object" && bound[name] !== null)
{
//展示子对象属性
for (var sub in bound[name])
{
var type = bound[name][sub].constructor.name === 'Function' ? "Function" : "Property";
document.write("<li>" + name + "." + sub + "(" + type + ")" + "</li>");
}
}
}
</script>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
WebGL的渲染效果
WebGL是一种3D绘图标准，这种绘图技术标准允许把JavaScript和OpenGL ES 2.0结合在一起，通过增加OpenGL ES 2.0的一个JavaScript绑定，WebGL可以为HTML5 Canvas提供硬件3D加速渲染，这样Web开发人员就可以借助系统显卡来在浏览器里更流畅地展示3D场景和模型了，还能创建复杂的导航和数据视觉化。
测试页面：http://webglsamples.org/aquarium/aquarium.html
这个效果还是不错的。
小结：以上只是简单的测试程序，CEFSharp对html5和JavaScript的支持确实不错。后续有机会做更多分享。