pip换源及指令的使用
文章目录
一、pip换源命令
pip国内的一些镜像源：
- 阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
- 清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
- 中国科学技术大学 http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
1.临时使用：
pip的时候在后面加上-i参数，指定pip源
pip install SomePackage -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
pip install SomePackage -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
pip install SomePackage -i http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
2.永久修改
(1)Linux:
修改 ~/.pip/pip.conf (没有就创建一个)， 内容如下：
[global]
index-url = [国内镜像源链接]
如：
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
[global]
index-url = http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
(2)Windows
win+R 打开用户目录%HOMEPATH%，在此目录下创建 pip 文件夹，在 pip 目录下创建 pip.ini 文件, 内容如下
[global]
timeout = 6000
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
trusted-host = pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
二、pip指令的使用
pip(Python Package Index)是一个以 Python 语言写成的软件包管理系統，使用 pip 可以非常方便的安装和管理 python 软件包。
执行 pip --help 命令，可以看到如下所示的帮助文档
Usage:
pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
list List installed packages.
show Show information about installed packages.
check Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
config Manage local and global configuration.
search Search PyPI for packages.
cache Inspect and manage pip’s wheel cache.
wheel Build wheels from your requirements.
hash Compute hashes of package archives.
completion A helper command used for command completion.
debug Show information useful for debugging.
help Show help for commands.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--no-input Disable prompting for input.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort.
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output
--no-python-version-warning
Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
--use-feature <feature> Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible.
--use-deprecated <feature> Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future.
使用时，输入pip <command> [options] 形式的指令，即可执行相应的命令，并且，command 和 options 可以任意组合,如果遇到不太会用的 command，可以使用 --help 选项调出帮助文档。