一个网友咨询一个问题，他的11.2.0.2 RAC(for Aix),没有安装任何patch或PSU。其中一个节点重启之后无法正常启动，查看ocssd日志如下：
1 -08-09 14:21:46.094: [ CSSD][5414]clssnmSendingThread: sent 4 join msgs to all nodes-08-09 14:21:46.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:47.042: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958157, LATS 1518247992, lastSeqNo 255958154, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565306/1501758072-08-09 14:21:47.051: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958158, LATS 1518248002, lastSeqNo 255958155, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565306/1501758190-08-09 14:21:47.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:48.042: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958160, LATS 1518248993, lastSeqNo 255958157, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565307/1501759080-08-09 14:21:48.052: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958161, LATS 1518249002, lastSeqNo 255958158, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565307/1501759191-08-09 14:21:48.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:49.043: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958163, LATS 1518249993, lastSeqNo 255958160, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565308/1501760082-08-09 14:21:49.056: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958164, LATS 1518250007, lastSeqNo 255958161, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565308/1501760193-08-09 14:21:49.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:50.044: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958166, LATS 1518250994, lastSeqNo 255958163, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565309/1501761090-08-09 14:21:50.057: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958167, LATS 1518251007, lastSeqNo 255958164, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565309/1501761195-08-09 14:21:50.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:51.046: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958169, LATS 1518251996, lastSeqNo 255958166, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565310/1501762100-08-09 14:21:51.057: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958170, LATS 1518252008, lastSeqNo 255958167, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565310/1501762205-08-09 14:21:51.102: [ CSSD][5414]clssnmSendingThread: sending join msg to all nodes-08-09 14:21:51.102: [ CSSD][5414]clssnmSendingThread: sent 5 join msgs to all nodes-08-09 14:21:51.421: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0-08-09 14:21:52.050: [ CSSD][4129]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958172, LATS 1518253000, lastSeqNo 255958169, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565311/1501763110-08-09 14:21:52.058: [ CSSD][3358]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, rac01, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 217016033, wrtcnt, 255958173, LATS 1518253008, lastSeqNo 255958170, uniqueness 1406064021, timestamp 1407565311/1501763230-08-09 14:21:52.089: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmRcfgMgrThread: Local Join-08-09 14:21:52.089: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmLocalJoinEvent: begin on node(2), waittime 193000-08-09 14:21:52.089: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmLocalJoinEvent: set curtime (1518253039) for my node-08-09 14:21:52.089: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmLocalJoinEvent: scanning 32 nodes-08-09 14:21:52.089: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmLocalJoinEvent: Node rac01, number 1, is in an existing cluster with disk state 3-08-09 14:21:52.090: [ CSSD][5671]clssnmLocalJoinEvent: takeover aborted due to cluster member node found on disk-08-09 14:21:52.431: [ CSSD][4900]clssgmWaitOnEventValue: after CmInfo State val 3, eval 1 waited 0
从上面的信息，很容易给人感觉是心跳的问题。这么理解也不错，只是这里的心跳不是指的我们说理解的传统的心跳网络。我让他在crs正常的一个节点查询如下信息，我们就知道原因了，如下：
SQL> select name,ip_address from v$cluster_interconnects;NAME IP_ADDRESS--------------- ----------------en0 169.254.116.242
大家可以看到，这里心跳IP为什么是169网段呢？很明显跟我们的/etc/hosts设置不匹配啊？why ？
这里我们要介绍下Oracle 11gR2 引入的HAIP特性，Oracle引入该特性的目的是为了通过自身的技术来实现心跳网络的冗余，而不再依赖于第三方技术，比如Linux的bond等等。
在Oracle 11.2.0.2版本之前，如果使用了OS级别的心跳网卡绑定，那么Oracle仍然以OS绑定的为准。从11.2.0.2开始，如果没有在OS层面进行心跳冗余的配置，那么Oracle自己的HAIP就启用了。所以你虽然设置的192.168.1.100，然而实际上Oracle使用是169.254这个网段。关于这一点，大家可以去看下alert log，从该日志都能看出来，这里不多说。
我们可以看到，正常节点能看到如下的169网段的ip，问题节点确实看不到这个169的网段IP：
Oracle MOS提供了一种解决方案，如下：
crsctl start res ora.cluster_interconnect.haip -init
经过测试，使用root进行操作，也是不行的。针对HAIP的无法启动，Oracle MOS文档说通常是如下几种情况：
1） 心跳网卡异常
2) 多播工作机制异常
3）防火墙等原因
4）Oracle bug
对于心跳网卡异常，如果只有一块心跳网卡，那么ping其他的ip就可以进行验证了，这一点很容易排除。
对于多播的问题，可以通过Oracle提供的mcasttest.pl脚本进行检测(请参考Grid Infrastructure Startup During Patching, Install or Upgrade May Fail Due to Multicasting Requirement (ID 1212703.1)，我这里的检查结果如下：
$ ./mcasttest.pl -n rac02,rac01 -i en0########### Setup for node rac02 ##########Checking node access 'rac02'Checking node login 'rac02'Checking/Creating Directory /tmp/mcasttest for binary on node 'rac02'Distributing mcast2 binary to node 'rac02'########### Setup for node rac01 ##########Checking node access 'rac01'Checking node login 'rac01'Checking/Creating Directory /tmp/mcasttest for binary on node 'rac01'Distributing mcast2 binary to node 'rac01'########### testing Multicast on all nodes ##########Test for Multicast address 230.0.1.0Aug 11 21:39:39 | Multicast Failed for en0 using address 230.0.1.0:42000Test for Multicast address 224.0.0.251Aug 11 21:40:09 | Multicast Failed for en0 using address 224.0.0.251:42001$
虽然这里通过脚本检查，发现对于230和224网段都是不通的，然而这不见得一定说明是多播的问题导致的。虽然我们查看ocssd.log，通过搜索mcast关键可以看到相关的信息。
实际上，我在自己的11.2.0.3 Linux RAC环境中测试，即使mcasttest.pl测试不通，也可以正常启动CRS的。
由于网友这里是AIX，应该我就排除防火墙的问题了。因此最后怀疑Bug 9974223的可能性比较大。实际上，如果你去查询HAIP的相关信息，你会发现该特性其实存在不少的Oracle bug。
其中 for knowns HAIP issues in 11gR2/12c Grid Infrastructure (1640865.1)就记录12个HAIP相关的bug。
由于这里他的第1个节点无法操作，为了安全，是不能有太多的操作的。
对于HAIP，如果没有使用多心跳网卡的情况下，我觉得完全是可以禁止掉的。但是昨天查MOS文档，具体说不能disabled。最后测试发现其实是可以禁止掉的。如下是我的测试过程：
1 [root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl modify res ora.cluster_interconnect.haip -attr "ENABLED=0" -init[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs 2 CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1'CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cvu' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.GRID.dg' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.registry.acfs' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac1' succeeded 3 CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac1' succeeded 4 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac1' succeeded 5 CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac2'CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.rac1.vip' on 'rac2' succeeded 6 CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'rac2' succeeded 7 CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac2'CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'rac2' succeeded 8 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.registry.acfs' on 'rac1' succeeded 9 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.oc4j' on 'rac1' succeeded 10 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cvu' on 'rac1' succeeded 11 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.GRID.dg' on 'rac1' succeeded 12 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded 13 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ons' on 'rac1' succeeded 14 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.net1.network' on 'rac1' succeeded 15 CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'rac1' has completed 16 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'rac1' succeeded 17 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1' succeeded 18 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'rac1' succeeded 19 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1' succeeded 20 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded 21 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded 22 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1' succeeded 23 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crf' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'rac1' succeeded 24 CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crf' on 'rac1' succeeded 25 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1' succeeded 26 CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1' succeeded 27 CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rac1' has completed 28 CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs 29 CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl check crs 30 CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online 31 CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online 32 CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online 33 CRS-4533: Event Manager is online[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stat res -t -init--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cluster Resources--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.asm 34 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 Startedora.cluster_interconnect.haip 35 ONLINE OFFLINE 36 ora.crf 37 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 38 ora.crsd 39 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 40 ora.cssd 41 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 42 ora.cssdmonitor 43 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 44 ora.ctssd 45 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ACTIVE:0ora.diskmon 46 OFFLINE OFFLINE 47 ora.drivers.acfs 48 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 49 ora.evmd 50 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 51 ora.gipcd 52 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 53 ora.gpnpd 54 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 55 ora.mdnsd 56 ONLINE ONLINE rac1[root@rac1 bin]#
不过需要注意的是：当修改之后，两个节点都必须要重启CRS，否则仅仅重启一个节点的CRS是不行的，ASM实例是无法启动的。
对于HAIP异常，为什么会导致节点的CRS无法正常启动呢？关于这一点，我们来看下该资源的属性就知道了，如下：
1 NAME=ora.cluster_interconnect.haip 2 TYPE=ora.haip.type 3 ACL=owner:root:rw-,pgrp:oinstall:rw-,other::r--,user:oracle:r-x 4 ACTION_FAILURE_TEMPLATE=ACTION_SCRIPT=ACTIVE_PLACEMENT=0AGENT_FILENAME=%CRS_HOME%/bin/orarootagent%CRS_EXE_SUFFIX%AUTO_START=always 5 CARDINALITY=1CHECK_INTERVAL=30DEFAULT_TEMPLATE=DEGREE=1DESCRIPTION="Resource type for a Highly Available network IP"ENABLED=0FAILOVER_DELAY=0FAILURE_INTERVAL=0FAILURE_THRESHOLD=0HOSTING_MEMBERS=LOAD=1LOGGING_LEVEL=1NOT_RESTARTING_TEMPLATE=OFFLINE_CHECK_INTERVAL=0PLACEMENT=balanced 6 PROFILE_CHANGE_TEMPLATE=RESTART_ATTEMPTS=5SCRIPT_TIMEOUT=60SERVER_POOLS=START_DEPENDENCIES=hard(ora.gpnpd,ora.cssd)pullup(ora.cssd)START_TIMEOUT=60STATE_CHANGE_TEMPLATE=STOP_DEPENDENCIES=hard(ora.cssd)STOP_TIMEOUT=0UPTIME_THRESHOLD=1mUSR_ORA_AUTO=USR_ORA_IF=USR_ORA_IF_GROUP=cluster_interconnect 7 USR_ORA_IF_THRESHOLD=20USR_ORA_NETMASK=USR_ORA_SUBNET=
可以看到，如果该资源有异常，现在gpnpd,cssd都是有问题的。
备注：实际上还可以通过在asm 层面指定cluster_interconnects来避免haip的问题。