RHEL6下获取安装包(RPM)而不安装的方法

有时候我们只能在某个机器上网获得RPM安装包，如何将RPM包在不能上网的内网机器安装，就需要能将安装包下载到本地而不安装，然后再把这些包复制到内网机器，进行安装。另外一个方法是建立镜像服务器，没有测试！下面开始实验，以安装saltstack(salt-master和salt-minion)为例。

1) 首先在能上外网的机器上设置好yum源。我的RHEL6.4已经设置了几个yum源，如下：

[rhel6_4-default]
name     = "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)"
baseurl  = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/rhel64
enabled  = 1
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey   = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/rhel64/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[cloudera-cdh5]
# Packages for Cloudera's Distribution for Hadoop, Version 5, on RedHat or CentOS 6 x86_64
name     = Cloudera's Distribution for Hadoop, Version 5
enabled  = 1
gpgcheck = 1
baseurl  = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/cloudera/cdh/5/
gpgkey   = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/cloudera/cdh/RPM-GPG-KEY-cloudera

[cloudera-gplextras5]
# Packages for Cloudera's GPLExtras, Version 5, on RedHat or CentOS 6 x86_64
name     = Cloudera's GPLExtras, Version 5
enabled  = 1
gpgcheck = 1
baseurl  = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/cloudera/gplextras/5/
gpgkey   = ftp://192.168.122.100/pub/cloudera/gplextras/RPM-GPG-KEY-cloudera

[epel-6]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6
# http://ftp.linux.ncsu.edu/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
#
baseurl=http://ftp.linux.ncsu.edu/pub/epel/6/x86_64
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://ftp.linux.ncsu.edu/pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

为获取saltstack安装包，需要增加下面的yum源：

****安装rpmforge
****这步很重要，在redhat 6和centos 6的epel源上没有python-jinja2.
  # wget --no-check-certificate http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el6/en/x86_64/rpmforge/RPMS/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
  # rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm

好了，需要的源准备齐全。开始安装插件yum-plugin-downloadonly.noarch 0:1.1.30-14.el6:

# yum install yum-downloadonly

安装完毕之后，这台机器就可以下载但是不安装saltstack的RPM包了。

# mkdir /root/Downloads/salt-minion
# mkdir /root/Downloads/salt-master
# mkdir /root/Downloads/salt-ssh
# mkdir /root/Downloads/salt-api
# yum install -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/Downloads/salt-minion salt-minion
# yum install -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/Downloads/salt-master salt-master
# yum install -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/Downloads/salt-ssh salt-ssh        #### minion上不需要安装任何salt,直接在master通过ssh.
# yum install -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/Downloads/salt-api salt-api        #### rest api of salt

2) 把/root/Downloads/salt-minion下面的rpm复制到其他机器上，然后安装:

# scp -r /root/Downloads/salt-minion root@anotherIP:~/
# ssh root@anotherIP
# cd ~/salt-minion
# rpm -ivh *.rpm

###########################################
#### service salt-minion start
#### service salt-master start
#### service salt-api start

同样的可以安装salt-master.