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Spring源码阅读还在继续，上篇文章初始化IoC容器：摸我
事实上前面的IOC容器初始化只是建立了BeanDefinition数据映射，而依赖注入的过程是在向Ioc容器索要bean的时候发生的。
getBean就是触发依赖注入的地方。
1，下面是AbstractBeanFactory的getBean实现。根据scop进行分支处理，比较清晰：
注意：关于spring中的 bean的scop属性，有两个很常用：singleton和prototype
singleton：这是Spring容器默认的作用域，使用singleton作用域生成的是单实例，在整个Bean容器中仅保留一个实例对象供所有调用者共享引用。单例模式对于那些无会话状态的Bean（如辅助工具类、DAO组件、业务逻辑组件等）是最理想的选择。
prototype: 原型模式，这是多实例作用域，针对每次不同的请求，Bean容器均会生成一个全新的Bean实例以供调用者使用。
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
// 最终调用doGetBean方法
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
}
protected <T> T doGetBean(
final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
// 从已经建立的实例bean里找
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
// 取得本bean的依赖bean组
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
// 循环调用getBean方法，递归实现本bean的全部依赖
for (String dependsOnBean : dependsOn) {
getBean(dependsOnBean);
registerDependentBean(dependsOnBean, beanName);
}
}
// Create bean instance.
// Singleton 情况
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// Prototype 情况
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
// 最终大家都调这个方法来实例化Bean
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
// 其他scop情况
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; " +
"consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
2，上面代码会调用到AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory 的 createBean方法，这个方法中调用了内部的doCreateBean方法，createBean方法：
protected Object createBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName); // Prepare method overrides.
try {
mbd.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
} try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
// 调用内部方法创建Bean
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
doCreateBean方法：
里面也就是调用createBeanInstance创建bean的方法真正出来一个bean后，在调用populateBean方法（链接）来初始化这个bean
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
// 创建bean的方法
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
// 初始化创建出来的bean
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
如此，我们先看createBeanInstance这个创建bean的方法是如何完成的。
注意：在spring中有三种实例化bean的方式：
一、使用构造器实例化，默认
<bean id="personService" class="cn.mytest.service.impl.PersonServiceBean"></bean>
二、使用静态工厂方法实例化
<bean id="personService1" class="cn.mytest.service.impl.PersonServiceFactory" factory-method="createPersonServiceBean"></bean>
三、使用实例化工厂方法实例化
<bean id="personServiceFactory" class="cn.mytest.service.impl.PersonServiceFactory"></bean>
<bean id="personService2" factory-bean="personServiceFactory" factory-method="createPersonServiceBean1"></bean>
这在createBeanInstance中有体现：
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
Class beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
// 工厂方法实例化
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// Need to determine the constructor...
// 构造函数实例化
Constructor[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
就直接看下简单常用的instantiateBean方法：
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
return getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// spring默认的实例化策略是使用CGLIB来实例化bean
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}
CGLIB：cglib是针对类来实现代理的，他的原理是对指定的目标类生成一个子类，并覆盖其中方法实现。
使用CGLB实例化代码：
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
// Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
if (beanDefinition.getMethodOverrides().isEmpty()) {
Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
synchronized (beanDefinition.constructorArgumentLock) {
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
if (constructorToUse == null) {
final Class clazz = beanDefinition.getBeanClass();
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor>() {
public Constructor run() throws Exception {
return clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
}
});
}
else {
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
}
beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
}
}
}
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
}
else {
// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
// 使用CGLIB实现实例化bean
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(beanDefinition, beanName, owner);
}
}
protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
return new CglibSubclassCreator(beanDefinition, owner).instantiate(null, null);
}
public Object instantiate(Constructor ctor, Object[] args) {
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass());
enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new CallbackFilterImpl());
enhancer.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {
NoOp.INSTANCE,
new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(),
new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor()
});
return (ctor == null) ?
enhancer.create() :
enhancer.create(ctor.getParameterTypes(), args);
}
到这里，创建bean的过程是完成了，关于bean的一些初始化的操作及调用populateBean方法下次再研究吧。
事实上spring提供了jvm的反射实现的代理，和cglib实现的代理，来实例化java对象。
下面就稍微学习下这两种不同的代理方式：
代理模式也是常用的设计模式，分为两种：静态代理和动态代理
静态代理：
/**
* 定义一个账户接口
*
* @author Administrator
*/
public interface Count {
// 查看账户方法
public void queryCount();
// 修改账户方法
public void updateCount();
}
public class CountImpl implements Count {
@Override
public void queryCount() {
System.out.println("查看账户方法...");
}
@Override
public void updateCount() {
System.out.println("修改账户方法...");
}
}
/**
* 这是一个代理类（增强CountImpl实现类）
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class CountProxy implements Count {
private CountImpl countImpl; /**
* 覆盖默认构造器
*
* @param countImpl
*/
public CountProxy(CountImpl countImpl) {
this.countImpl = countImpl;
}
@Override
public void queryCount() {
System.out.println("事务处理之前");
// 调用委托类的方法;
countImpl.queryCount();
System.out.println("事务处理之后");
}
@Override
public void updateCount() {
System.out.println("事务处理之前");
// 调用委托类的方法;
countImpl.updateCount();
System.out.println("事务处理之后");
}
}
public class TestCount {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CountImpl countImpl = new CountImpl();
CountProxy countProxy = new CountProxy(countImpl);
countProxy.updateCount();
countProxy.queryCount();
}
}
动态代理：
public interface BookFacade {
public void addBook();
}
public class BookFacadeImpl implements BookFacade {
@Override
public void addBook() {
System.out.println("增加图书方法。。。");
}
}
public class BookFacadeProxy implements InvocationHandler{
private Object target;
/**
* 绑定委托对象并返回一个代理类
*
* @param target
* @return
*/
public Object bind(Object target) {
this.target = target;
// 取得代理对象
// 要绑定接口(这是一个缺陷，cglib弥补了这一缺陷)
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(target.getClass().getClassLoader(), target.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);
}
@Override
/**
* 调用方法
* Object proxy：指被代理的对象
* Method method：要调用的方法
* Object[] args：方法调用时所需要的参数
*/
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
Object result = null;
System.out.println("事物开始");
// 执行方法
result = method.invoke(target, args);
System.out.println("事物结束");
return result;
}
}
public class TestProxy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookFacadeProxy proxy = new BookFacadeProxy();
BookFacade bookProxy = (BookFacade) proxy.bind(new BookFacadeImpl());
bookProxy.addBook();
}
}
以上的代理方式需要有接口的类来可以，所以使用cglib弥补了这一缺点，这也是不同之处：
/**
* 这个是没有实现接口的实现类
*/
public class BookFacadeCglibImpl {
public void addBook() {
System.out.println("增加图书的普通方法...");
}
}
public class BookFacadeCglib implements MethodInterceptor{
private Object target;
/**
* 创建代理对象
*
* @param target
* @return
*/
public Object getInstance(Object target) {
this.target = target;
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(this.target.getClass());
// 回调方法
enhancer.setCallback(this);
// 创建代理对象
return enhancer.create();
}
@Override
// 回调方法
public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args,
MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("事物开始");
proxy.invokeSuper(obj, args);
System.out.println("事物结束");
return null;
}
}
public class TestCglib {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookFacadeCglib cglib=new BookFacadeCglib();
BookFacadeCglibImpl bookCglib=(BookFacadeCglibImpl)cglib.getInstance(new BookFacadeCglibImpl());
bookCglib.addBook();
}
}
总结：
学习是没有止境的，当我们学得更多的时候，我们就会发现自己不知道的东西越来越多。
设计模式很难学，今天看一遍明天就忘了，实际编码能想起来更难~
让我们继续前行
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共勉。