组合模式(Composite Pattern)
介绍
将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构。它使得客户对单个对象和复合对象的使用具有一致性。
示例
有一个Message实体类，使其单个对象和复合对象具有一致性。
MessageModel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Pattern.Composite
{
/// <summary>
/// Message实体类
/// </summary>
public class MessageModel
{
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">Message内容</param>
/// <param name="pt">Message发布时间</param>
public MessageModel(string msg, DateTime pt)
{
this._message = msg;
this._publishTime = pt;
} private string _message;
/// <summary>
/// Message内容
/// </summary>
public string Message
{
get { return _message; }
set { _message = value; }
} private DateTime _publishTime;
/// <summary>
/// Message发布时间
/// </summary>
public DateTime PublishTime
{
get { return _publishTime; }
set { _publishTime = value; }
}
}
}
MessageModelComponent
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Pattern.Composite
{
/// <summary>
/// 抽象Message实体构件（Component）
/// </summary>
public abstract class MessageModelComponent
{
/// <summary>
/// Message实体对象
/// </summary>
protected MessageModel _messageModel; /// <summary>
/// 名称
/// </summary>
protected string _name; /// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">名称</param>
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>
public MessageModelComponent(string name, MessageModel mm)
{
this._name = name;
this._messageModel = mm;
} /// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">名称</param>
public MessageModelComponent(string name)
{
this._name = name;
} /// <summary>
/// 添加
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public abstract void Add(MessageModelComponent mmc); /// <summary>
/// 删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public abstract void Remove(MessageModelComponent mmc); /// <summary>
/// 获取
/// </summary>
/// <param name="indent">缩进数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract string GetData(int indent);
}
}
MessageModelLeaf
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Pattern.Composite
{
/// <summary>
/// Message实体树叶（Leaf）
/// </summary>
public class MessageModelLeaf : MessageModelComponent
{
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">名称</param>
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>
public MessageModelLeaf(string name, MessageModel mm)
: base(name, mm)
{ } /// <summary>
/// 添加
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public override void Add(MessageModelComponent mmc)
{
throw new Exception("不能添加");
} /// <summary>
/// 删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public override void Remove(MessageModelComponent mmc)
{
throw new Exception("不能删除");
} /// <summary>
/// 获取
/// </summary>
/// <param name="indent">缩进数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public override string GetData(int indent)
{
return new String('—', indent) +
"树叶名称：" + _name +
"；信息内容：" + _messageModel.Message +
"<br />";
}
}
}
MessageModelComposite
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Pattern.Composite
{
/// <summary>
/// Message实体树枝（Composite）
/// </summary>
public class MessageModelComposite : MessageModelComponent
{
private List<MessageModelComponent> _list; /// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">名称</param>
public MessageModelComposite(string name)
: base(name)
{
_list = new List<MessageModelComponent>();
} /// <summary>
/// 添加
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public override void Add(MessageModelComponent mmc)
{
_list.Add(mmc);
} /// <summary>
/// 删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mmc">MessageModelComponent</param>
public override void Remove(MessageModelComponent mmc)
{
_list.Remove(mmc);
} /// <summary>
/// 获取
/// </summary>
/// <param name="indent">缩进数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public override string GetData(int indent)
{
string s = new String('—', indent) +
"树枝名称：" + _name +
"<br />"; foreach (MessageModelComponent mmc in _list)
{
s += mmc.GetData(indent + 2);
} return s;
}
}
}
Test
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using Pattern.Composite; public partial class Composite : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MessageModelComposite root = new MessageModelComposite("树枝A"); root.Add(new MessageModelLeaf("树叶A", new MessageModel("Message内容A", DateTime.Now)));
root.Add(new MessageModelLeaf("树叶B", new MessageModel("Message内容B", DateTime.Now))); MessageModelComposite comp = new MessageModelComposite("树枝B"); comp.Add(new MessageModelLeaf("树叶C", new MessageModel("Message内容C", DateTime.Now)));
comp.Add(new MessageModelLeaf("树叶D", new MessageModel("Message内容D", DateTime.Now))); root.Add(comp); root.Add(new MessageModelLeaf("树叶E", new MessageModel("Message内容E", DateTime.Now))); MessageModelLeaf l = new MessageModelLeaf("树叶F", new MessageModel("Message内容F", DateTime.Now)); root.Add(l);
root.Remove(l); Response.Write(root.GetData(1));
}
}
运行结果
—树枝名称：树枝A
———树叶名称：树叶A；信息内容：Message内容A
———树叶名称：树叶B；信息内容：Message内容B
———树枝名称：树枝B
—————树叶名称：树叶C；信息内容：Message内容C
—————树叶名称：树叶D；信息内容：Message内容D
———树叶名称：树叶E；信息内容：Message内容E