LINQ to SQL语句(7)之Exists/In/Any/All/Contains

Exists/In/Any/All/Contains操作符

 

适用场景:用于判断集合中元素 ,进一步缩小范围。

 

Any

 

说明:用于判断集合中是否有元素满足 某一条件;不延迟。(若条件为空,则集合只要不为空就返回True,否则为 False)。有2种形式,分别为简单形式和带条件形式。

 

1.简单形式:

 

仅返回没有订单的客户:

 

var q =

  from c in db.Customers

  where !c.Orders.Any()

  select c;

 

生成SQL语句为:

 

SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName],

[t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region],

[t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax]

FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]

WHERE NOT (EXISTS(

  SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Orders] AS [t1]

  WHERE [t1].[CustomerID] = [t0]. [CustomerID]

  ))

 

2.带条件形式:

 

仅返回至少有 一种产品断货的类别:

 

var q =

  from c in db.Categories

  where c.Products.Any(p => p.Discontinued)

  select c;

 

生成SQL语句为:

 

SELECT [t0]. [CategoryID], [t0].[CategoryName], [t0].[Description],

[t0]. [Picture] FROM [dbo].[Categories] AS [t0]

WHERE EXISTS(

   SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t1]

  WHERE ([t1].[Discontinued] = 1) AND

  ([t1].[CategoryID] = [t0]. [CategoryID])

  )

All

说明:用于判断集合中所有元素是 否都满足某一条件;不延迟1.带条件形式

 

var q =

  from c in db.Customers

  where c.Orders.All(o => o.ShipCity == c.City)

  select c;

 

语句描述:这个例子返回所有订单 都运往其所在城市的客户或未下订单的客户。

 

Contains

 

说明:用 于判断集合中是否包含有某一元素;不延迟。它是对两个序列进行连接操作的。

 

string[] customerID_Set =

  new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" };

var q = (

  from o in db.Orders

  where customerID_Set.Contains(o.CustomerID)

  select o).ToList ();

 

语句描述:查找"AROUT", "BOLID" 和 "FISSA" 这三个客户的订单。先定义了一个数组,在LINQ to SQL中 使用Contains,数组中包含了所有的CustomerID,即返回结果中,所有的 CustomerID都在这个集合内。也就是in。 你也可以把数组的定义放在LINQ to SQL语句里。比如:

 

var q = (

  from o in db.Orders

  where (

  new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })

  .Contains (o.CustomerID)

  select o).ToList();

Not Contains则取反:

var q = (

  from o in db.Orders

  where !(

   new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })

  .Contains(o.CustomerID)

  select o).ToList();

 

1.包含一个对象:

 

var order = (from o in db.Orders

       where o.OrderID == 10248

       select o).First();

var q = db.Customers.Where(p => p.Orders.Contains(order)).ToList();

foreach (var cust in q)

{

  foreach (var ord in cust.Orders)

  {

     //do something

  }

}

 

语句描述:这个例子 使用Contain查找哪个客户包含OrderID为10248的订单。

 

2.包含多个值:

 

string[] cities =

  new string[] { "Seattle", "London", "Vancouver", "Paris" };

var q = db.Customers.Where (p=>cities.Contains(p.City)).ToList();

 

语句描述:这个 例子使用Contains查找其所在城市为西雅图、伦敦、巴黎或温哥华的客户。

 

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LINQ to SQL语句(7)之Exists/In/Any/All/Contains

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