安装kali linux 2017.1 【一、更新源升级软件和内核等】

2021-10-07 10:38:51

呃，我这次安装是在VMware WorkStation里进行的，具体操作系统安装步骤不谈。

ISO文件下载地址：https://www.kali.org/downloads/

说下安装后的升级操作。下面的操作都是在root下进行的，避免有些指令不可用或文件打不开。

1. 先确定自己是什么版本：lsb_release -a

2. 用文本编辑器打开sources.list,手动添加下面的更新源（这里只写了中科大的源，可用，其他的在附录，可自行选择）

root@HackerKali:/home/dnt# leafpad /etc/apt/sources.list

#中科大

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

3..添加完毕后执行下面的更新指令，进行系统或者工具的更新

root@HackerKali:/home/dnt# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade

这里解释一下：

apt-get update //刷新源，获得最近的软件包的列表

apt-get upgrade //更新系统，系统将现有的Package升级,如果有相依性的问题,而此相依性需要安装其它新的Package或影响到其它Package的相依性时,此Package就不会被升级,会保留下来.

apt-get dist-upgrade //可以聪明的解决相依性的问题,如果有相依性问题,需要安装/移除新的Package,就会试着去安装/移除它. (所以通常这个会被认为是有点风险的升级，可以不用执行)

4.清理安装包：apt-get clean

5. 安装内核头文件

方法1：输入命令：apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)或者直接敲apt-get install linux-headers-在这时候你按键盘上的tab键，找你本系统的头文件安装即可

如果找不到对应的内核头文件或者出现以下错误则进入方法2

E: Unable to locate package linux-headers-4.6.-kali1-amd64

E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'linux-headers-4.6.-kali1-amd64

E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'linux-headers-4.6.-kali1-amd64

内核头文件检测

输入命令：dpkg-query -s linux-headers-'uname -r'或者dpkg-query -s linux-headers-$(uname -r) 命令检查内核头文件是否成功安装

方法2：下载内核头文件自己编译

1.下载inux-kbuild,链接:(http://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/l/linux/)具体版本参见自己的主机；

2.编译linux-kbuild;

dkpg -i linux-kbuild-4.6_4.6.1-2kali1_amd64.deb

如果出现错误：dpkg: error: dpkg status database is locked by another process

则执行命令：sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/lock

3.下载linux-header-common和主机版本对应的linux-header。(执行uname -r命令查看主机版本)

链接（http://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/l/linux/）,具体版本参见自己的主机

4.首先编译linux-header-common

dkpg -i linux-headers-4.6.0-kali1-common_4.6.1-5kali4_amd64.deb

5.最后编译linux-header

dkpg -i linux-headers-4.6.0-kali1-amd64_4.6.1-5kali4_amd64.deb

这一步可能会报错，提示依赖compiler未安装。

安装apt-get install linux-compiler-gcc-xx(版本号保持提示缺少的版本号)，再编译header即可。

6.检测内核头文件

dpkg-query -s linux-headers-$(uname -r)

6. 开启sshd

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

1.增加一行PermitRootLogin yes
2.将#PasswordAuthentication no改为PasswordAuthentication yes

按esc 输入:wq!保存文件。

/etc/init.d/ssh start #启动sshd

/etc/init.d/ssh status #查看SSH服务状态是否正常运行

在其他机器ssh连接即可

附录：

---------------------------------Kali 2.0 ---更新源-----------------------------------

kali-rolling版本：（中科大的就够用了，个人按需吧）

#中科大

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#阿里云

#deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#清华大学

#deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#浙大

#deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#东软大学

#deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#官方源

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#重庆大学

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

sana版本：（其实你把上面的版本都改成sana就可以了）

#科大的云
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali sana main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali sana main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali-security sana/updates main contrib non-free

#阿里云
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali sana main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali sana main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali-security sana/updates main contrib non-free

----------------------------------Kali 1.0--更新源-------------------------------------

#官方源

deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#中科大kali源

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#新加坡kali源

deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib

deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#阿里云kali源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#163 Kali源

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib

#上海交大 Kali源 (比较慢，直接忽略)

#deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main non-free contrib

#deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

#deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib

码农公寓

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