18.5、Restoring Control Files

18.5.1、Restore Lost Copy of a Multiplexed Control File
18.5.1.1、Copying a Multiplexed Control File to a Nondefault Location
假设丢失控制文件的磁盘和文件系统不能再关联，那么必须修改CONTROL_FILES初始化参数来表明丢失的控制文件的新位置。
（1）数据库读或写控制文件直接shutdown
（2）拷贝正确的控制文件到指定的位置
（3）修改CONTROL_FILES初始化参数
（4）启动，mount，open数据库
模拟1、某块磁盘介质失败，丢失了控制文件，把控制文件放到一个新的位置
（1）
SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
OPEN

$ rm -rf control01.ctl

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

SQL> select dbid,name,log_mode,checkpoint_change# from v$database;

      DBID NAME                                     LOG_MODE     CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ---------------------------------------- ------------ ------------------
1375601832 BOSS                                     ARCHIVELOG               577511

SQL>
alter tablespace testtbs01
  add datafile ‘/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_02.dbf‘ size 10m;

SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files                        string      /oracle/oradata/boss/control01
                                                 .ctl, /oracle/oradata/boss/con
                                                 trol02.ctl, /oracle/oradata/bo
                                                 ss/control03.ctl
SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup open;
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/boss/bdump
$ vi alert_boss.log
Wed Jun  4 16:11:38 2014
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address ‘(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))‘...
MMNL started with pid=12, OS id=17321
Wed Jun  4 16:11:38 2014
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Wed Jun  4 16:11:39 2014
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Wed Jun  4 16:11:39 2014
ORA-00202: control file: ‘/oracle/oradata/boss/control01.ctl‘
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Wed Jun  4 16:11:42 2014
ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT...

（2）
$ cp -rf /oracle/oradata/boss/control02.ctl /oradata/boss/control01.ctl

（3）
SQL> create pfile from spfile;

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ vi initboss.ora
*.control_files=‘/oradata/boss/control01.ctl‘,‘/oracle/oradata/boss/control02.ctl‘,‘/oracle/oradata/boss/control03.ctl‘

（4）
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
create spfile from pfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32002: cannot create SPFILE already being used by the instance

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

SQL> startup open;

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
OPEN

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Performing User-Managed Database-18.5、Restoring Control Files