[快速学会Swift第三方库] SwiftyJSON篇
SwiftyJSON使得用Swift处理JSON数据更加容易。这是解析JSON字符串封装类。实现功能与Javascript中的JSON.parse相近,使用方便。
目录
编码之前
导入SwiftyJSON
推荐使用CocoaPods进行导入,CocoaPods是一个负责管理iOS项目中第三方开源库的工具,安装CocoaPods之后使用命令行就能轻松地对所有第三方开源库进行安装和更新,而不需要每次上GitHub去下载。
CocoaPods的安装过程传送门:iOS 9 导入类库全面详尽过程(Ruby安装->CocoaPods安装->导入类库)
手动下载:GitHub-SwiftyJSON主页
装好CocoaPods后,修改Podfile文件内容为如下:
source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform :ios, '9.0'
use_frameworks!
target 'Web' do
pod 'SwiftyJSON', :git => 'https://github.com/SwiftyJSON/SwiftyJSON.git'
end
xcodeproj 'Desktop/Web/Web.xcodeproj'
target后面为工程名,最后一行为工程路径(这里的Web是我的工程名)
再执行命令:
$ pod install
其他操作
在Target->工程名->Build Settings->Search Paths->User Header Search Paths处添加SwiftyJSON所在的目录:
最后在你需要用到SwiftyJSON的类中加上:
import SwiftyJSON
解析本地JSON
示例JSON
创建一个本地文档“Notes.json”用于测试
{"ResultCode":0,"Record":[
{"ID":"1","Date":"2016-5-23","Content":"策划","UserID":"summer"},
{"ID":"2","Date":"2016-5-24","Content":"研发","UserID":"summer"},
{"ID":"3","Date":"2016-5-25","Content":"研发","UserID":"summer"},
{"ID":"4","Date":"2016-5-26","Content":"测试","UserID":"summer"},
{"ID":"5","Date":"2016-5-27","Content":"发布","UserID":"summer"}]}
示例代码
func jsonFromData() {
let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("Notes", ofType: "json")!
let json = JSON(data: NSData(contentsOfFile: path)!)
//从JSON Dictionary中获取key为ResultCode的int值
let resultCode = json["ResultCode"].int!
print("ResultCode:\(resultCode)")
let array = json["Record"]
//从JSON Array中进行循环解析
for (index,subJson):(String,JSON) in array {
let userId = subJson["UserID"].string!
let content = subJson["Content"].string!
let date = subJson["Date"].string!
print("\(index):\(userId) will do \(content) at \(date)")
}
}
运行结果
ResultCode:0
0:summer will do 策划 at 2016-5-23
1:summer will do 研发 at 2016-5-24
2:summer will do 研发 at 2016-5-25
3:summer will do 测试 at 2016-5-26
4:summer will do 发布 at 2016-5-27
解析网络JSON
示例JSON
这里可以使用Alamofire提供的测试接口
https://httpbin.org/get
在浏览器中打开该地址可以看到:
{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.11; rv:46.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/46.0"
},
"origin": "202.115.52.205",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/get"
}
示例代码
用苹果自带的NSURLSession进行网络请求,关于网络请求的问题,可以参考Swift学习笔记(3)iOS 9 中的网络请求
func jsonFromNetworking() {
var strURL = "https://httpbin.org/get"
//等价于strURL=strURL.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
strURL = strURL.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: "`#%^{}\"[]|\\<>").invertedSet)!
let url = NSURL(string: strURL)!
let request = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
let session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
let dataTask = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request) { (data, response, error) in
if (error != nil){
NSLog("Error:\(error?.localizedDescription)")
}
else{
let json = JSON(data: data!)
//从JSON Dictionary中获取key为headers的JSON Dictionary,再从其中获取key为Host的string值
let host = json["headers","Host"].string!
let origin = json["origin"].string!
print("host:\(host),origin:\(origin)")
}
}
dataTask.resume()
}
或者用第三方库Alamofire进行网络请求,关于Alamofire的问题,可以参考[快速学会Swift第三方库] Alamofire篇
func jsonFromNetworkingByAlamofire() {
Alamofire.request(.GET, "https://httpbin.org/get")
.responseJSON { (response) in
switch response.result{
case .Success:
if let value = response.result.value{
let json = JSON(value)
let host = json["headers","Host"].string!
let origin = json["origin"].string!
print("host:\(host),origin:\(origin)")
}
case .Failure(let error):
print(error)
}
}
}
运行结果
host:httpbin.org,origin:202.115.52.205
深入学习
这里只列出了最基本的JSON解析方式,如果你希望能够更加深入地学习SwiftyJSON,可以前往GitHub-SwiftyJSON主页 ! 如果你想了解苹果自带的JSON解析方式NSJSONSerialization,可以参考Swift学习笔记(2)网络数据交换格式(XML,JSON)解析