yum install mariadb-server  mariadb  -y

yum install libaio        # 安装支持异步IO的包
yum -y install numactl

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
mkdir  -pv  /mydata/data  # 创建数据目录
cd /usr/local tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

cd mysql
mkdir mysql-files         # 注意这里要创建mysql-files文件夹
chmod 770 mysql-files
chown -R mysql.mysql .

# 这一步会产生临时的root@localhost密码，需要自己记下来
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data
# 这一步就相当于数据库的初始化了，原本的install_db已经不存在了

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

chown -R root .
chown -R mysql /mydata/data mysql-files

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data &

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# 然后要将/usr/local/mysql/bin加入到环境变量中
# 登录完之后要修改密码  set password = ‘123‘;
# 最后用chkconfig配置开机自启动  chkconfig mysqld on

cp  support-files/my-large.cnf   /etc/my.cnf

# 并在这个配置文件中加三个选项：
    datadir = /mydata/data      # 提供数据目录
    innodb_file_per_table = ON  # 每个表使用自己专用的表空间存储表的数据和索引
    skip_name_resolve = ON      # 禁止解析主机名

service mysqld start        # 启动MySQL
mysql_secure_installation   # 对MySQL的一系列加固措施

# 为root用户设定密码
set password 
update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD(‘your_pass‘) where cluase

# 删除所有匿名用户
drop user ‘‘@‘localhost‘;

# 上述两步可以用mysql_secure_installation来替代
skip_name_resolve=1  # 关闭主机名反解

# 配置文件my.cnf
[client]
user=david
password=88888888

[mysqld]         # 这个标签表示是整个MySQL的配置

########basic settings########

server-id = 11 
port = 3306
user = mysql
bind_address = 10.166.224.32         # 根据实际情况修改,如果修改成0.0.0.0，即表示允许任何主机登陆
autocommit = 0                       # 5.6.X安装时，需要注释掉，安装完成后再打开
character_set_server=utf8mb4         ### 设置好了字符集
skip_name_resolve = 1
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 1000
datadir = /data/mysql_data           # 数据库的数据存放目录，根据实际情况修改,建议和程序分离存放（这个文件夹要设置成mysql.mysql的权限）
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
join_buffer_size = 134217728
tmp_table_size = 67108864
tmpdir = /tmp
max_allowed_packet = 16777216
sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"
interactive_timeout = 1800
wait_timeout = 1800
read_buffer_size = 16777216
read_rnd_buffer_size = 33554432
sort_buffer_size = 33554432

########log settings########

log_error = error.log                # 如果没有配置错误文件的位置和文件名，那么默认的是 机器名.error，配置了这个位置之后，一些输出信息都会被保存到这里
slow_query_log = 1                   ### 开启了慢查询日志
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10
expire_logs_days = 90              
long_query_time = 2
min_examined_row_limit = 100         # 不走索引，直接扫描而不计入慢查询日志的limit

########replication settings########

master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
log_bin = bin.log
sync_binlog = 1
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
binlog_format = row 
relay_log = relay.log
relay_log_recovery = 1
binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1
slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors

########innodb settings########

innodb_page_size = 8192
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 6G             #根据实际情况修改
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 2000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /redolog/    # 根据实际情况修改（可以后面改），这个文件夹要设置为mysql.mysql的权限
innodb_undo_directory = /undolog/        # 根据实际情况修改（设置之后就不能改），这个文件夹要设置为mysql.mysql的权限
innodb_undo_logs = 128           # 这个值建议一开始就确定，否则后面设置比较麻烦
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3      # 这个值建议一开始就确定，否则后面设置比较麻烦
innodb_flush_neighbors = 1
innodb_log_file_size = 4G                # 根据实际情况修改（这个参数非常重要，不能设置太小，初始化的安装是48M，非常不合适）
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_large_prefix = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 64
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_strict_mode = 1
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864 

########semi sync replication settings########

plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin      #根据实际情况修改
plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

[mysqld-5.7]     # 这个标签是代表这是5.7的单独配置
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128
binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1
log_timestamps=system
transaction_write_set_extraction=MURMUR32
show_compatibility_56=on

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld  =  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin  =  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user  =  multi_admin # 这里需要创建一个关闭MySQL多实例的用户账号

[mysqld1]
port  =  3306
user  = mysql
socket  =  /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file  =  /var/lib/mysql/mysql.pid
datadir  =  /var/lib/mysql

[mysqld2]
port  =  3307
user  = mysql
socket  =  /mnt/data/db1/mysql.sock
pid-file  =  /mnt/data/db1/mysql.pid
datadir  =  /mnt/data/db1
skip-name-resolve
server-id = 2

default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_additional_mem_pool = 10M
default_character_set = utf8
character_set_server = utf8
#read-only
relay-log-space-limit = 3G
expire_logs_day = 20

[mysqld3]
port  =  3308
user  = mysql
socket  =  /mnt/data/db2/mysql.sock
pid-file  =  /mnt/data/db2/mysql.pid
datadir  =  /mnt/data/db2
skip-name-resolve
server-id = 3

master-connect-retry = 60
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_additional_mem_pool = 10M
default_character_set = utf8
character_set_server = utf8
read-only
relay-log-space-limit = 3G
expire_logs_day = 20

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/var/lib/mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/mnt/data/db1  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/mnt/data/db2  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --user=mysql

# 启动MySQL多实例
mysql_multi  --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf  start  1,2,3

# 查看MySQL多实例启动状况
mysql_multi  --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf  report  1,2,3

# 关闭MySQL多实例
    # 一次关闭多个实例
    mysql_multi  --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf  stop  1,2,3
    
    # 一次关闭指定的一个实例
    mysqladmin  -u root  -S  /mnt/mydata/3307/mysql.sock  shutdown    

# 本机登录多实例
mysql  -u root  -p  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock  --prot=3308

# 远程登录多实例
mysql  -u root  -p  --port=3308  -h 10.0.0.202

# 只写出了每个实例之间有差异的地方
[client]
port = 3307
socket = /multi_mysql/3307/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port = 3307
socket = /multi_mysql/3307/mysql.sock

datadir = /multi_mysql/3307/data
basedir = /usr/local/mysql

log-error = /multi_mysql/3307/mysql_3307.err
pid-file = /multi_mysql/3307/mysqld.pid

server-id = 2 # 这里id号每个实例都要不同

./mysql_install_db  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --datadir=/mydata/3306/data  --user=mysql
./mysql_install_db  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --datadir=/mydata/3307/data  --user=mysql

# 启动
mysql_safe  --defaults-file=/mydata/3306/my.cnf  2>&1  >/dev/null  &
mysql_safe  --defaults-file=/mydata/3307/my.cnf  2>&1  >/dev/null  &

# 停止
mysqladmin  -u root  -phgzero  -S  /mydata/3306/mysql.sock  shutdown
mysqladmin  -u root  -phgzero  -S  /mydata/3307/mysql.sock  shutdown

# 为root增加密码
mysqladmin  -u root  -S  /data/3306/mysql.sock   password  ‘woshiniba‘

# 本机登录
mysql  -u root  -pwoshiniba  -S  /data/3306/mysql.sock 

# 远程登录
mysql  -u remote  -p ‘woshiniba‘  -h  10.0.0.202  -P  3308