一、环境介绍
操作系统: ubuntu18.04 64位
先输入uname -r命令查看当前系统的版本.
root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# uname -r 5.3.0-40-generic
查看系统内核的路径是否存在:
root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# ls /usr/src/ linux-headers-5.3.0-40 linux-headers-5.4.0-53-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-47 linux-headers-5.3.0-40-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-42 linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-48 linux-headers-5.4.0-48-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-45 linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-53
根据当前系统的版本，确定对应的路径: /usr/src/linux-headers-5.3.0-40
root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# ls /usr/src/ linux-headers-5.3.0-40 linux-headers-5.4.0-53-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-47 linux-headers-5.3.0-40-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-42 linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-48 linux-headers-5.4.0-48-generic linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-45 linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-53 root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# ls /usr/src/linux-headers-5.3.0-40 arch certs Documentation fs init Kbuild kernel Makefile net scripts sound ubuntu virt block crypto drivers include ipc Kconfig lib mm samples security tools usr
完整的编写Makefile如下：
Linux_ADD=/usr/src/linux-headers-5.3.0-40-generic app_dev: make -C $(Linux_ADD) M=`pwd` modules clean make -C $(Linux_ADD) M=`pwd` modules gcc spectrometer_app.c -o app obj-m +=spectrometer_usb_drv.o
编译安装测试:
root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# insmod spectrometer_usb_drv.ko root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# modinfo spectrometer_usb_drv.ko filename: /mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu/spectrometer_usb_drv.ko license: GPL author: xiaolong srcversion: 40F0CA1A1C1E3BA787F1B57 alias: usb:v0661p294Bd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in* alias: usb:v148Fp5370d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in* depends: retpoline: Y name: spectrometer_usb_drv vermagic: 5.3.0-40-generic SMP mod_unload root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# rmmod spectrometer_usb_drv.ko
关于日志显示的问题: 驱动程序正常会使用printk向终端打印调试信息, 如果驱动安装之后当前终端没有反应，可以先使用dmesg命令查看日志里是否有输出。
root@wbyq:/mnt/hgfs/linux-share-dir/linux_c/usb_dev_ubuntu# dmesg [137747.993110] 总线名称:usb [137747.993111] 端点号[0]:129 [137747.993111] 端点[0] 输入端点(设备到主机) [137747.993112] 端点[0] 设备支持批量传输. [137747.993112] 端点[0] 传输的数据大小:512 [137747.993112] probe:dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr=129 [137747.993113] 端点号[1]:1 [137747.993113] 端点[1] 输出端点(主机到设备) [137747.993113] 端点[1] 设备支持批量传输. [137747.993114] 端点[1] 传输的数据大小:512 [137747.993114] probe:dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr=1 [137747.993114] 端点号[2]:2 [137747.993115] 端点[2] 输出端点(主机到设备) [137747.993115] 端点[2] 设备支持批量传输. [137747.993115] 端点[2] 传输的数据大小:512 [137747.993115] 端点号[3]:3 [137747.993116] 端点[3] 输出端点(主机到设备) [137747.993116] 端点[3] 设备支持批量传输. [137747.993116] 端点[3] 传输的数据大小:512 [137747.993116] 端点号[4]:4 [137747.993116] 端点[4] 输出端点(主机到设备) [137747.993117] 端点[4] 设备支持批量传输. [137747.993117] 端点[4] 传输的数据大小:512 [137747.993157] USB光谱仪设备节点注册成功:/dev/spectrometer_usb_drv ,主设备号:10,次设备号:53 [137747.993173] usbcore: registered new interface driver spectrometer_usb_drv
三、顺便说下嵌入式Linux驱动Makefile编译方式
Linux_ADD=/home/wbyq/work/linux-3.5/linux-3.5 app_dev: make -C $(Linux_ADD) M=`pwd` modules clean make -C $(Linux_ADD) M=`pwd` modules cp *.ko /home/wbyq/project/ -fv arm-linux-gcc spectrometer_app.c -o app cp app /home/wbyq/project/ -fv obj-m +=spectrometer_usb_drv.o