Ubuntu配置apt安装源为清华源[含自动配置脚本]
一、备份原配置文件
Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件是/etc/apt/sources.list。将系统自带的该文件做个备份，以防万一。
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak二、修改sources.list文件
我习惯与使用vim编辑文件，如果你没有安装可以执行命令sudo apt-get install vim安装。
清华ubuntu软件源配置帮助:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
选择你系统对应版本，下面的就是需要你添加到sources.list文件中的内容。
使用sudo vim /etc/apt/source.list打开文件，将文件原内容删除，添加在清华源获取的内容，保存。
三、更新软件列表和软件源
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade四、 其他几个国内的软件源
4.1 中国科技大学软件源
中科大ubuntu软件源配置帮助: Ubuntu 源使用帮助 — USTC Mirror Help 文档
以下是 Ubuntu 20.04 参考配置内容：
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse4.2 阿里云软件源
阿里云Ubuntu 18.04源,阿里云镜像站正在升级
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
五、脚本一键配置apt源
示例为ubuntu18.04配置清华镜像源,其他版本或者其他源，做对应替换即可。
#!/bin/bash
#更新apt源为清华源
echo "[Info] 正在备份默认apt源..."
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
echo "[Info] 正在替换apt源为清华apt源..."
echo deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse > /etc/apt/sources.list
echo deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "[Info] 正在更新源..."
apt update
echo "[Info] 正在更新软件..."
apt upgrade -y