之前的这篇文章《分享在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面》已经实现了左右布局多窗口界面，今天本来是研究基于winform的插件编程，没想到顺便又找到了另一种实现方案，这种实现方案更简单，要写的代码也很少，具体实现如下。
可视化设计部份：
1.父窗口：ParentForm的IsMdiContainer 设置为 true，即：this.IsMdiContainer=true;
2.在父窗口中添加一个顶部菜单：menuStrip1，并新增一个菜单项：Windows，且将menuStrip1的MdiWindowListItem设置为该Windows菜单对象，即： this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;
3.在父窗口中添加一个树形菜单：treeView1，并将其Dock设为左靠齐，即：this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;且将margin设为0；
4.在父窗口中添加一个Panel:panel1,且将其width设为3；
以下是设计后自动生成的代码：
namespace WinFormTest
{
partial class ParentForm
{
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
} #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码 /// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip();
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.treeView1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TreeView();
this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// menuStrip1
//
this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem});
this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;
this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1";
this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 25);
this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 0;
this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1";
//
// windowsToolStripMenuItem
//
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Name = "windowsToolStripMenuItem";
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(73, 21);
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Text = "Windows";
//
// treeView1
//
this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;
this.treeView1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 25);
this.treeView1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0);
this.treeView1.Name = "treeView1";
this.treeView1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(228, 380);
this.treeView1.TabIndex = 3;
this.treeView1.NodeMouseDoubleClick += new System.Windows.Forms.TreeNodeMouseClickEventHandler(this.treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick); //
// panel1
//
this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)(((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom)
| System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
this.panel1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
this.panel1.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
this.panel1.Cursor = System.Windows.Forms.Cursors.VSplit;
this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 28);
this.panel1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0);
this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(3, 100);
this.panel1.TabIndex = 5; //
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 405);
this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
this.Controls.Add(this.treeView1);
this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1);
this.IsMdiContainer = true;
this.MainMenuStrip = this.menuStrip1;
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.Resize += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Resize);
this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout(); } #endregion private System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip menuStrip1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem windowsToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.TreeView treeView1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
}
}
编码部份：
其实上面的设计后，如果通过以下定义的方法打开一个子窗口，则直接实现了左右布局且包含多子窗口的界面。
private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new()
{
Form childForm = new TForm();
childForm.MdiParent = this;
childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString();
childForm.Text = childForm.Name;
childForm.Show();
}
当然仍然有不完美的地方，那就是左边菜单栏宽度不能动态调整，而又没有用到splitContainer，故我们只有自己来实现，其实也很简单，步骤如下：
1.在父窗口构造函数中加入初始化panel1（用作分割器）位置及订阅相关事件，代码如下：
public ParentForm()
{
InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown;
panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp;
panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height;
panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width;
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
上述代码的作用是：1.保证panel1的高度与位置与左侧树形菜单控件相匹配；2.订阅的三个Mouse事件主要是为了后面实现移动panel1。
2.实现订阅的三个Mouse事件所对应的方法，分别为鼠标按下、鼠标移动、鼠标松开，代码如下：
private bool startMove = false; //用于标记是否在移动中
void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
}
}
void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
startMove = false;
this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left;
}
}
void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
startMove = true;
}
上述代码作用：按下鼠标标记为开始移动，然后移动鼠标，若是标记移动中，说明是要移动panel1，故直接将鼠标当前的X坐标位置累加到panel1.Left属性上，从而实现移动，当鼠标弹起后，则将树形菜单的宽度设置为panel1.Left，从而实现树形菜单随panel1的移动而改变大小。
同时为了保证panel1的高度始终与树形菜单相同，在父窗口的Resize方法加入动态调整panel1的高度，代码如下：
private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
到此就完成了整个的实现方案，为了便于模拟在树形菜单中双击打开子窗口的效果，同时也添加了如下代码：
private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadMenuNodes();
} private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项
{
this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root");
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i);
int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10);
for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++)
{
section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n));
}
}
} private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点（即：实际的功能节点）
{
ShowChildForm<ChildForm>();
}
}
附上完整的实现代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinFormTest
{
public partial class ParentForm : Form
{
private bool startMove = false; public ParentForm()
{
InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown;
panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp;
panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height;
panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width;
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
} void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
}
} void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
startMove = false;
this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left;
}
} void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
startMove = true;
} private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadMenuNodes();
} private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点（即：实际的功能节点）
{
ShowChildForm<ChildForm>();
}
} private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
} private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项
{
this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root");
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i);
int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10);
for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++)
{
section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n));
}
}
} private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new()
{
Form childForm = new TForm();
childForm.MdiParent = this;
childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString();
childForm.Text = childForm.Name;
childForm.Show();
}
}
}
最终效果如下图示：
说明：我这里为了体现分割器，故将其背景色设为红色，便于大家观察，这种解决方案与之前的解决方案功能上是相同的，但有一点小小区别，之前的解决方案中子窗口的标题栏是在父窗口的容器内，而本文的解决方案中子窗口在最大化后，子窗口的标题栏会与父窗口合并，如下图示，至于大家用哪种依实际场景。
后续时间我会继续研究winform关于插件式编程（近期工作任务要求），到时候同样会分享给大家，也欢迎大家一起交流，当然高手可以无视。