一.Service
借助MSDN上Win7 Service的Demo和《用VC++建立Service服务应用程序》，在Win8上经历各种磨难，终于跑起来自己改装的服务程序了。
原来API基本没变，我所困惑的是Win7上直接运行都没有问题，在Win8上不可以。
报错：
OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x00000005
原来是Win8上权限的问题，也许我自己的Win7一启动就拥有了Admin权限吧。
下面直接进入正题，我整合了一下代码，共三个文件：main.c，Service.h, Service.cpp。（项目是控制台程序。）
main.c只是程序的入口，运行时接受参数。
#pragma region "Includes"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "Service.h"
#pragma endregion
int wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
{
if ((argc > 1) && ((*argv[1] == L‘-‘ || (*argv[1] == L‘/‘))))
{
if (_wcsicmp(L"install", argv[1] + 1) == 0)
{
SvcInstall();
}
else if (_wcsicmp(L"remove", argv[1] + 1) == 0)
{
SvcUninstall();
}
else if (_wcsicmp(L"query", argv[1] + 1) == 0)
{
SvcQueryConfig();
}
else if(_wcsicmp(L"start",argv[1] + 1) == 0)
{
SvcStart();
}
else if(_wcsicmp(L"stop",argv[1] + 1) == 0)
{
SvcStopNow();
}
}
else
{
_putws(L"Parameters:");
_putws(L" -install to install the service (require admin permission)");
_putws(L" -remove to remove the service (require admin permission)");
_putws(L" -query to query the configuration of the service");
_putws(L" -start to start the service");
_putws(L" -stop to stop the service");
RunService();
}
return 0;
}
代码中已经写的很清楚了，我的项目名称为Win8Service，只要运行Win8Service.exe -install，服务就会被安装。
注意：cmd必须要用admin启动。win8下做法：WIN+Q键，打开Search panel，输入cmd，右击Command Prompt，选择Run as administrator。
下面看看这几个函数的实现：
Service.h
#pragma once // Internal name of the service #define SERVICE_NAME L"CppWin8Service" // Displayed name of the service #define SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME L"CppWin8Service Demo" // List of service dependencies - "dep1\0dep2\0\0" #define SERVICE_DEPENDENCIES L"" // The name of the account under which the service should run #define SERVICE_ACCOUNT L"NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService" // The password to the service account name #define SERVICE_PASSWORD NULL VOID RunService(); VOID SvcInstall(); VOID SvcUninstall(); VOID SvcQueryConfig(); BOOL SvcStart(); VOID SvcStopNow();
Service.cpp
#pragma region "Includes"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "Service.h"
#pragma endregion
SERVICE_STATUS g_ssSvcStatus; // Current service status
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE g_sshSvcStatusHandle; // Current service status handle
HANDLE g_hSvcStopEvent;
VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv);
VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl);
VOID SvcInit(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv);
VOID SvcStop();
VOID SvcReportStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState, DWORD dwWin32ExitCode, DWORD dwWaitHint);
VOID SvcReportEvent(LPWSTR lpszFunction, DWORD dwErr = 0);
VOID RunService()
{
// You can add any additional services for the process to this table.
SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY dispatchTable[] =
{
{ SERVICE_NAME, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)SvcMain },
{ NULL, NULL }
};
// This call returns when the service has stopped.
// The process should simply terminate when the call returns.
if (!StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(dispatchTable))
{
SvcReportEvent(L"StartServiceCtrlDispatcher", GetLastError());
}
}
VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv)
{
SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcMain");
// Register the handler function for the service
g_sshSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(SERVICE_NAME,
SvcCtrlHandler);
if (!g_sshSvcStatusHandle)
{
SvcReportEvent(L"RegisterServiceCtrlHandler", GetLastError());
return;
}
// These SERVICE_STATUS members remain as set here
g_ssSvcStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;
g_ssSvcStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
// Report initial status to the SCM
SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 3000);
// Perform service-specific initialization and work.
SvcInit(dwArgc, lpszArgv);
}
VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl)
{
// Handle the requested control code.
switch(dwCtrl)
{
case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
// Stop the service
// SERVICE_STOP_PENDING should be reported before setting the Stop
// Event - g_hSvcStopEvent - in SvcStop(). This avoids a race
// condition which may result in a 1053 - The Service did not
// respond... error.
SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0);
SvcStop();
SvcReportStatus(g_ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0);
return;
case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
break;
default:
break;
}
}
VOID SvcInit(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv)
{
SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcInit");
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Service initialization.
//
// Declare and set any required variables. Be sure to periodically call
// ReportSvcStatus() with SERVICE_START_PENDING. If initialization fails,
// call ReportSvcStatus with SERVICE_STOPPED.
// Create a manual-reset event that is not signaled at first. The control
// handler function, SvcCtrlHandler, signals this event when it receives
// the stop control code.
g_hSvcStopEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
if (g_hSvcStopEvent == NULL)
{
SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);
return;
}
// Report running status when initialization is complete.
SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING, NO_ERROR, 0);
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Perform work until service stops.
//
while(TRUE)
{
// Perform work ...
// Check whether to stop the service.
WaitForSingleObject(g_hSvcStopEvent, INFINITE);
SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);
return;
}
}
VOID SvcStop()
{
SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcStop");
// Signal the service to stop.
if (g_hSvcStopEvent)
{
SetEvent(g_hSvcStopEvent);
}
}
VOID SvcReportStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState, DWORD dwWin32ExitCode,
DWORD dwWaitHint)
{
static DWORD dwCheckPoint = 1;
// Fill in the SERVICE_STATUS structure.
g_ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState = dwCurrentState;
g_ssSvcStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = dwWin32ExitCode;
g_ssSvcStatus.dwWaitHint = dwWaitHint;
g_ssSvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted =
(dwCurrentState == SERVICE_START_PENDING) ?
0 : SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;
g_ssSvcStatus.dwCheckPoint =
((dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING) ||
(dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)) ?
0 : dwCheckPoint++;
// Report the status of the service to the SCM.
SetServiceStatus(g_sshSvcStatusHandle, &g_ssSvcStatus);
}
VOID SvcReportEvent(LPWSTR lpszFunction, DWORD dwErr)
{
HANDLE hEventSource;
LPCWSTR lpszStrings[2];
wchar_t szBuffer[80];
hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, SERVICE_NAME);
if (NULL != hEventSource)
{
WORD wType;
if (dwErr == 0)
{
swprintf_s(szBuffer, ARRAYSIZE(szBuffer), lpszFunction);
wType = EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE;
}
else
{
swprintf_s(szBuffer, ARRAYSIZE(szBuffer), L"%s failed w/err 0x%08lx",
lpszFunction, dwErr);
wType = EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE;
}
lpszStrings[0] = SERVICE_NAME;
lpszStrings[1] = szBuffer;
ReportEvent(hEventSource, // Event log handle
wType, // Event type
0, // Event category
0, // Event identifier
NULL, // No security identifier
2, // Size of lpszStrings array
0, // No binary data
lpszStrings, // Array of strings
NULL); // No binary data
DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
}
}
VOID SvcInstall()
{
wchar_t szPath[MAX_PATH];
if (GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, ARRAYSIZE(szPath)) == 0)
{
wprintf(L"GetModuleFileName failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
return;
}
// Open the local default service control manager database
SC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL,
SC_MANAGER_CONNECT | SC_MANAGER_CREATE_SERVICE);
if (!schSCManager)
{
wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
return;
}
// Install the service into SCM by calling CreateService
SC_HANDLE schService = CreateService(
schSCManager, // SCManager database
SERVICE_NAME, // Name of service
SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME, // Name to display
SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG, // Desired access
SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS, // Service type
SERVICE_DEMAND_START, // Start type
SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL, // Error control type
szPath, // Service‘s binary
NULL, // No load ordering group
NULL, // No tag identifier
SERVICE_DEPENDENCIES, // Dependencies
SERVICE_ACCOUNT, // Service running account
SERVICE_PASSWORD); // Password of the account
if (NULL != schService)
{
wprintf(L"%s installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"CreateService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
}
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}
VOID SvcUninstall()
{
// Open the local default service control manager database
SC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
if (!schSCManager)
{
wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
return;
}
// Open the service with delete, stop and query status permissions
SC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME,
DELETE | SERVICE_STOP | SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS);
if (NULL != schService)
{
// Try to stop the service
SERVICE_STATUS ssSvcStatus;
if (ControlService(schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssSvcStatus))
{
wprintf(L"Stopping %s.", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
Sleep(1000);
while (QueryServiceStatus(schService, &ssSvcStatus))
{
if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
{
wprintf(L".");
Sleep(1000);
}
else break;
}
if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)
{
wprintf(L"\n%s stopped.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"\n%s failed to stop.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
}
// Now remove the service by calling DeleteService
if (DeleteService(schService))
{
wprintf(L"%s removed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"DeleteService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
}
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
}
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}
VOID SvcQueryConfig()
{
// Open the local default service control manager database
SC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
if (!schSCManager)
{
wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
return;
}
// Try to open the service to query its status and config
SC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME,
SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS | SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG);
if (NULL != schService)
{
wprintf(L"%s was installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
DWORD cbBytesNeeded;
//
// Query the status of the service
//
SERVICE_STATUS_PROCESS ssp;
if (QueryServiceStatusEx(schService, SC_STATUS_PROCESS_INFO, (LPBYTE)&ssp,
sizeof(ssp), &cbBytesNeeded))
{
wprintf(L"Service status: ");
switch (ssp.dwCurrentState)
{
case SERVICE_STOPPED: _putws(L"Stopped"); break;
case SERVICE_RUNNING: _putws(L"Running"); break;
case SERVICE_PAUSED: _putws(L"Paused"); break;
case SERVICE_START_PENDING:
case SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:
case SERVICE_CONTINUE_PENDING:
case SERVICE_PAUSE_PENDING: _putws(L"Pending"); break;
}
}
else
{
wprintf(L"QueryServiceStatusEx failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
}
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
}
else
{
DWORD dwErr = GetLastError();
if (dwErr == ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST)
{
wprintf(L"%s was not installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", dwErr);
}
}
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}
BOOL SvcStart()
{
// run service with given name
SC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager( NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
if (schSCManager==0)
{
long nError = GetLastError();
wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed, error code = %d\n", nError);
}
else
{
// open the service
SC_HANDLE schService = OpenService( schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS);
if (schService==0)
{
long nError = GetLastError();
wprintf(L"OpenService failed, error code = %d\n", nError);
}
else
{
// call StartService to run the service
if(StartService(schService, 0, (LPCWSTR*)NULL))
{
wprintf(L"%s started.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
return TRUE;
}
else
{
long nError = GetLastError();
wprintf(L"StartService failed, error code = %d\n", nError);
}
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
}
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}
return FALSE;
}
VOID SvcStopNow()
{
// Open the local default service control manager database
SC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
if (!schSCManager)
{
wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
return;
}
// Open the service with delete, stop and query status permissions
SC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME,
DELETE | SERVICE_STOP | SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS);
if (NULL != schService)
{
// Try to stop the service
SERVICE_STATUS ssSvcStatus;
if (ControlService(schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssSvcStatus))
{
wprintf(L"Stopping %s.", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
Sleep(1000);
while (QueryServiceStatus(schService, &ssSvcStatus))
{
if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
{
wprintf(L".");
Sleep(1000);
}
else break;
}
if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)
{
wprintf(L"\n%s stopped.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"\n%s failed to stop.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);
}
}
CloseServiceHandle(schService);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
}
CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}
下面看看运行结果如何。
WIN+R，调出RUN，输入services.msc调出Service管理。在这里你就会看见CppWin8Service Demo，点击一下，会发现其没有运行。
我们在刚刚install的控制台继续运行：
D:\honeywell\workspace\Win8Service\Debug>Win8Service.exe -install CppWin8Service Demo installed. D:\honeywell\workspace\Win8Service\Debug>Win8Service.exe -start CppWin8Service Demo started.
刷新一下Service，会看到此服务以及启动。
打开事件查看器（运行eventvwr.msc），Windows logs---》Application中可以看到CppWin8Service的infomation，比如：
CppWin8Service Enter SvcInit
二、外部程序启动和停止此服务
服务跑起来了，那么我们如何在外部程序中控制它呢？其实很简单，就是用上面的SvcStart和SvcStopNow方法来做就可以了。
我们新建一个MFC对话框程序，加两个button，一个启动一个停止。将两个函数拷进去，然后包含一下此头文件就可以了。
#include <winsvc.h>
三、批处理安装服务程序
说白了，就是用sc命令来安装启动服务程序，用批处理来包装一下，注意运行批处理时也要用admin。
sc命令见sc命令创建启动服务。
Service安装和启动的bat：
@echo. start service! @echo off @sc create LincTestServer binPath= "D:\XXX\Debug\NewService.exe" @sc start LincTestServer @sc config LincTestServer start= AUTO @sc config LincTestServer displayname="linc service" @echo off @echo. start ok! @pause
停止的bat：
@echo.stop service @echo off @sc stop LincTestServer @echo off @echo.service stoped @pause
卸载的bat：
@echo.delete service @echo off @sc delete LincTestServer @echo off @echo.service deleted @pause