keepalived+haproxy实现web服务的高可用和负载均衡

2021-08-18 13:36:33

简介:

keepalived是一个类似于layer3, 4 & 5交换机制的软件，也就是我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第5层交换.Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态,如果有一台web服务器死机,或工作出现故障，Keepalived将检测到,并将有故障的web服务器从系统中剔除,当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中,这些工作全部自动完成,不需要人工干涉,需要人工做的只是修复故障的web服务器.

Haproxy 反向代理服务器,支持双机热备支持虚拟主机,但其配置简单，拥有非常不错的服务器健康检查功能,当其代理的后端服务器出现故障, HAProxy会自动将该服务器摘除,故障恢复后再自动将该服务器加入.新的1.3引入了frontend,backend,frontend根据任意HTTP请求头内容做规则匹配,然后把请求定向到相关的backend.

实验环境以及服务器信息:

OS: RedHat AS 5.1

软件列表:

keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

haproxy-1.4.13.tar.gz

服务器信息:

Master server 10.10.0.99 (调度主服务器)

Slave server 10.10.0.98 (从调度服务器)

VIP: 10.10.0.97 (调度服务器的虚拟IP)

Real server:

10.10.0.96

10.10.0.95

安装keepalived

# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

# cd keepalived-1.2.2

# ./configure –-prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

# make&&make install

#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#  mkdir /etc/keepalived
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

# chkconfig –add keepalived

# chkconfig keepalived on

# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs {

notification_email {

xxxxxx@139.com

}

notification_email_from xxxxxx@139.com

smtp_server mail.139.com

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth1

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111
}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.10.0.97

}

virtual_server 10.10.0.97 80 {

    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 10.10.0.95 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 10.10.0.96 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

}

关于keepalived配置文件的选项解释可以去网上搜下由于选项参数居多这里就不说明了

# service keepalived start

安装haproxy

# tar zxvf haproxy-1.4.13.tar.gz

# mv haproxy-1.4.13 haproxy

# cd haproxy

# make TARGET=linux26

# vi /usr/local/haproxy/conf/haproxy.conf

# mkdir –p /var/chroot/haproxy

global
        chroot /var/chroot/haproxy
        daemon
        gid     0
        log 127.0.0.1 local3
        nbproc  2
        pidfile /var/run/haproxy-private.pid

        ulimit   -n        65535
        user    root
        maxconn         32000
        spread-checks           4
        tune.maxaccept          8
        tune.maxpollevents      100
defaults sxit
        log     global
        mode    http
        option  httplog
        option  dontlognull
        log 127.0.0.1 local3
        retries 3
        option redispatch
        maxconn     32000
        contimeout      5000
        clitimeout        50000
        srvtimeout       50000
listen  sxit 0.0.0.0:80
        appsession JSESSIONID len 52 timeout 3h
        cookie SRV insert indirect nocache
        mode http
        stats enable
        stats hide-version
        stats uri  /haproxy-stats
        stats realm Haproxy\ statistics
        stats auth sxit:sxit

        stats refresh 3s
        monitor-uri /haproxy_test
        balance roundrobin
        option httpclose
        option forwardfor
        option httpchk HEAD /index.html HTTP/1.0
        server s1 10.10.0.95:80 check inter 2000  weight 3
        server s3 10.10.0.96:80 check inter 2000  weight 3

# /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy –f /usr/local/haproxy/config/haproxy.config

如果启动没有报什么错误的话,就在浏览器上输入如下地址

http://10.10.0.97/haproxy-stats (查看服务器状态信息的页面,登录的时候输入上面设置的账号和密码sxit),页面状态如下：

测试负载均衡效果以及高可用性

负载均衡测试:

启动真实服务器的web服务,在2个真实服务器上创建2个首页文件,内容分别为test1和test2,如果在浏览器*问web服务每次刷新既显示test1又显示tetst2就说明负载均衡已经生效了.

高可用性测试:

拔掉主调度服务器的网线或者关闭主调度服务器,看下VIP是否顺利的切换到从调度器,假如切换正常,那就说明keepalived已经成功生效了.

本文转自wiliiwin 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/wiliiwin/648188

码农公寓

安装keepalived

安装haproxy

测试负载均衡效果以及高可用性

负载均衡测试:

高可用性测试:

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