爬取到的data不是想要获取文章页面的源码,而是跳转到验证码的页面的源码。我网上查了一下是由于访问过于频繁导致的,我也加了time.sleep和改了请求头但还是显示不了,求大神支招,除了识别验证码的方式还能怎么做??
import re import urllib.request import time import urllib.error headers = {‘User-Agent‘,‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/23.0‘} opener = urllib.request.build_opener() opener.addheaders = [headers] #设置一个列表listurl储存文章网址列表 listurl = [] #函数:使用代理IP def use_proxy(proxy_addr,url): try: import urllib.request proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({‘http‘:proxy_addr}) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy,urllib.request.HTTPHandler) urllib.request.install_opener(opener) data = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode(‘utf-8‘) return data except urllib.error.URLError as e: if hasattr(e,"code"): print(e.code) if hasattr(e,"e.reason"): print(e.reason) time.sleep(10) except Exception as e: print("expection:"+str(e)) time.sleep(1) #函数:获取所有文章的连接 def getlisturl(key,pagestart,pageend,proxy): try: #page = pagestart #编码关键词 keycode = urllib.request.quote(key) #编码"&page" #pagecode = urllib.request.quote("&page") #循环爬取各页的文章链接 for page in range(pagestart,pageend+1,1): #每次循环构建各页的url url = ‘http://weixin.sogou.com/weixin?&type=2&ie=utf8&query=‘+keycode+"&&page="+str(page) #用换IP函数获得data data1 = use_proxy(proxy,url) time.sleep(1) #匹配的正则表达式 pattern1 = ‘<div class="txt-box">.*?(http://.*?)"‘ listurl.append(re.compile(pattern1,re.S).findall(data1)) print("共获取到"+str(len(listurl))+"页")#便于调试 return listurl except urllib.error.URLError as e: if hasattr(e,"code"): print(e.code) if hasattr(e,"reason"): print(e.reason) #若为URLerror异常,延迟10s进行 time.sleep(10) except Exception as e: print("exception:"+str(e)) #若为Exception异常,延迟1s进行 time.sleep(1) #函数:通过链接获取对应的内容 def getcontent(listurl,proxy): i = 0 #设置本地文件中的开始html编码 html1 = ‘‘‘<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtm11/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>微信文章页面</title> </head> <body>‘‘‘ with open("D:/WEB/1.html","wb")as f: f.write(html1.encode("utf-8")) #再次以追加写入的方式打开文件,以写入对应文章内容 with open("D:/WEB/1.html","ab")as ff: #此时listurl为二维列表,形如listurl[][],第一维存储信息跟第几页相关,第二维存的跟该页第几个文章链接相关 for i in range(0,len(listurl)): for j in range(0,len(listurl[i])): try: url = listurl[i][j] #处理真实url,亦可观察对应网址的关系自行分析,采集网址比真实网址多了一串amp url = url.replace("amp;","") #使用代理去爬取对应网址的内容 data = use_proxy(proxy,url) #文章标题正则表达式 titlepat = "<title>(.*?)</title>" #文章内容正则表达式 contentpat = ‘id="js_content">(.*?)id="js_sg_bar"‘ #找到标题并赋给列表title title = re.compile(titlepat).findall(data) #找到内容并赋给列表content content = re.compile(contentpat,re.S).findall(data) #初始化标题与内容 thistitle = "此次没有获取到" thiscontent= "此次没有获取到" #如果标题列表不为空,说明找到了标题,取列表第0个元素,即此次标题赋给变量thistitle if (title!=[]): thistitle = title[0] if (content!=[]): thiscontent = content[0] #将标题与内容汇总赋给变量dataall dataall = ‘<p>标题为:‘+thistitle+‘</p><p>内容为:‘+thiscontent+‘</p><br>‘ #将文章标题与内容写入对应文件 ff.write(dataall.encode("utf-8")) print("第"+str(i)+"个网页第"+str(j)+"次处理")#便于调试 except urllib.error.URLError as e: if hasattr(e,"code"): print(e.code) if hasattr(e,"reason"): print(e.reason) time.sleep(10) except Exception as e: print("exception:"+str(e)) time.sleep(1) html2 = ‘‘‘</body> </html> ‘‘‘ with open("D:/WEB/1.html","ab")as f: f.write(html2.encode("utf-8")) #设置关键词 key = "物联网" #设置代理服务器 proxy = "122.72.32.73:80" #可以为getlisturl()与getcontent设置不同的代理服务器,此处没有启用该项设置 proxy2 = "" #启示页 pagesatrt = 1 #爬取到哪页 pageend = 2 listurl = getlisturl(key,pagesatrt,pageend,proxy) getcontent(listurl,proxy)