RedHat EL5 安装Oracle 10g RAC之--系统环境配置（1）
系统环境：
操作系统：RedHat EL5
Cluster： Oracle CRS 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle： Oracle 10.2.0.1.0
如图所示：RAC 系统架构
一、操作系统环境
1、网络配置（在所有节点）
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.8.21 node1 ；节点1主机名
192.168.8.23 node1-vip
10.10.10.21 node1-priv
192.168.8.22 node2 ；节点2主机名
192.168.8.24 node2-vip
10.10.10.22 node2-priv
[root@node1 ~]#
2、共享磁盘配置（在所有节点）
对于Oracle 10g RAC，OCR和VOTE DISK、DataBase需建立在共享存储设备上；OCR和VOTE DISK必须以raw的方式管理，而存放DataBase的磁盘必须以ASM的方式管理。
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 26 50 200812+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc3 51 2610 20563200 5 Extended
/dev/sdc5 51 549 4008186 83 Linux
/dev/sdc6 550 1048 4008186 83 Linux
/dev/sdc7 1049 1422 3004123+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc8 1423 1796 3004123+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc9 1797 2046 2008093+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc10 2047 2610 4530298+ 83 Linux
[root@node1 ~]#
建立RAW设备：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
设置RAW设备权限：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/65-raw-permissions.rules
KERNEL=="raw1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw3", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw4", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw5", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw6", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
启动RAW设备：
[root@node1 soft]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
[root@node1 soft]# raw -aq
/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 33
/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 34
/dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 8, minor 37
/dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 8, minor 38
/dev/raw/raw5: bound to major 8, minor 39
/dev/raw/raw6: bound to major 8, minor 40
查看RAW设备：
[root@node1 soft]# ls -l /dev/raw
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 May 5 17:12 raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 May 5 17:12 raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 May 5 17:12 raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 May 5 17:12 raw4
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 May 5 17:12 raw5
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 6 May 5 17:12 raw6
建立Oracle用户和组（所有节点）：
[root@node1 ~]# id oracle
uid=200(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=200(oinstall),201(dba)
注意：所有节点user ID和group id一致！
[root@node1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@node1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export EDITOR=vi
export ORACLE_SID=prod1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
umask 022
3、配置系统内核参数（在所有节点）
[root@node1 soft]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
内核参数修改生效：
[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 268435456
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
用户资源访问限制：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
[root@node1 ~]#cat /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
配置认证模块：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
配置节点间心跳：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
4、配置时间同步（NTP)
node1 作为ntp server ，node2 作为ntp client
配置如下：
node1：
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig --list |grep time
daytime-dgram: off
daytime-stream: off
time-dgram: off
time-stream: off
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-dgram on
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-stream on
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on
[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
[root@node1 ~]# service ntpd start
Starting ntpd: [ OK ]
node2：
[root@node2 asm]# crontab -l
0-59/1 * * * * /usr/bin/rdate -s 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1
0-59/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1
[root@node2 asm]#
5、配置yum 安装所需的软件包（所有节点）
以RedHat 安装光盘作为yum仓库：
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo
[base]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
安装软件包：
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libXp*
Installed:
libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 libXp-devel.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libaio*
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y sysstat*
Installed:
sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y unix*
Installed:
unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
unixODBC-kde.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y compat*
Installed:
compat-dapl.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-dapl-devel.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5
compat-dapl-static.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-dapl-utils.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5
compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 compat-openldap.i386 0:2.3.43_2.2.29-12.el5
compat-readline43.i386 0:4.3-3 compat-slang.i386 0:1.4.9-27.2.2
Dependency Installed:
libibverbs.i386 0:1.1.3-2.el5 libnes.i386 0:0.9.0-2.el5 librdmacm.i386 0:1.0.10-1.el5
openib.noarch 0:1.4.1-5.el5
--未完，待续
本文出自 “天涯客的blog” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://tiany.blog.51cto.com/513694/1407760