Nginx+apache/Tomcat实现反向代理与动静分离

其实本人比较喜欢nginx跑静态和做负载反向代理,动态php还是交给apache处理比较稳定,jsp就交给tomcat、resin或jboss。nginx跑静态的能力是无与伦比的,是目前web服务器里最强的。nginx和apache、tomcat、resin的动静分离配置其实很简单,就几句配置,稳定性也非常好。

1、nginx和apache的动静分离配置:

把下面配置放到nginx配置文件相应的server { }里面,如果使用其他端口号,改一下就行:

#所有php的动态页面均交由apache处理

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location ~ \.(php)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}

#所有静态文件由nginx直接读取不经过apache

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location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
{ expires 15d; }
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{ expires 1h; }

如果之前设置了FastCGI的,把下面的配置注释掉:

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# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root /var/www/html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# include fastcgi.conf;
#}

重启nginx就生效,如图所示,标头显示nginx,phpinfo里面显示是apache,说明动静分离生效。

Nginx+apache/Tomcat实现反向代理与动静分离

2.niginx和tomcat的动静分离配置:
#主配置文件配置

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[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
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user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid    logs/nginx.pid;
events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  #日志格式定义
  log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '
           '$status $body_bytes_sent"$http_referer" '
           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  access_log logs/access.log main;
  sendfile    on;
  keepalive_timeout 65;
  #gzip压缩功能设置
  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers  4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascripttext/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name www.test.com;
    location / {
  #jsp网站程序根目录,一般nginx与tomcat在同一个目录
      root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
      index index.html index.jsp index.html;
    }
    location ~ .*.jsp$ {
    index index.jsp;
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #来自jsp请求交给tomcat处理
    proxy_redirect off;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;  #后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    client_max_body_size 10m;  #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
    client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数
    proxy_connect_timeout 90;  #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
    proxy_read_timeout 90;   #连接成功后,后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
    proxy_buffer_size 4k;    #设置代理服务器(nginx)保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
    proxy_buffers 6 32k;    #proxy_buffers缓冲区,网页平均在32k以下的话,这样设置
    proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;#高负荷下缓冲大小(proxy_buffers*2)
    proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小,大于这个值,将从upstream服务器传
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|bmp|swf)$  #由nginx处理静态页面
    {
    expires 30d;  #使用expires缓存模块,缓存到客户端30天
    }
    location ~ .*\.( jsp|js|css)?$
    {
    expires 1d;
    }
    error_page 404       /404.html;  #错误页面
    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }
  }

#编写nginx启动、停止、重启等SysV管理脚本,方便使用

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[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
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#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 20
# description: Nginx servicecontrol script
PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
$PROG
echo "Nginx servicestart success."
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
echo "Nginx service stopsuccess."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
echo"reload Nginx configsuccess."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0{start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
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[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on
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