WEB访问日志
即指用户访问网站时的所有访问、浏览、点击行为数据。比如点击了哪一个链接，在哪个网页停留时间最多，采用了哪个搜索项、总体浏览时间等。而所有这些信息都可被保存在网站日志中。通过分析这些数据，可以获知许多对网站运营至关重要的信息。采集的数据越全面，分析就能越精准。
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日志的生成渠道：
1.是网站的web服务器所记录的web访问日志
2.是通过在页面嵌入自定义的js代码来获取用户的所有访问行为（比如鼠标悬停的位置，点击的页面组件等），然后通过ajax请求到后台记录日志；这种方式所能采集的信息最全面；
3.通过在页面上埋点1像素的图片，将相关页面访问信息请求到后台记录日志； -
日志数据内容详述：
在实际操作中，有以下几个方面的数据可以被采集：
1.访客的系统属性特征。比如所采用的操作系统、浏览器、域名和访问速度等。
2.访问特征。包括停留时间、点击的URL等。
3.来源特征。包括网络内容信息类型、内容分类和来访URL等。
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以网站点击日志为例，其点击日志格式如下：
194.237.142.21 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:18 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2013/07/rstudio-git3.png HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible;)" 183.49.46.228 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:23 +0000] "-" 400 0 "-" "-" 163.177.71.12 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:33 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 20 "-" "DNSPod-Monitor/1.0"
- 用于生成点击流的访问日志表
| 时间戳 | IP地址 | Cookie | Session | 请求URL | Referal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-01-01 12:31:12 | 101.0.0.1 | User01 | S001 | /a/... | somesite.com |
| 2012-01-01 12:31:16 | 201.0.0.2 | User02 | S002 | /a/... | - |
| 2012-01-01 12:33:06 | 101.0.0.2 | User03 | S002 | /b/... | baidu.com |
| 2012-01-01 15:16:39 | 234.0.0.3 | User01 | S003 | /c/... | google.com |
| 2012-01-01 15:17:11 | 101.0.0.1 | User01 | S004 | /d/... | /c/... |
| 2012-01-01 15:19:23 | 101.0.0.1 | User01 | S004 | /e/... | /d/.... |
至此开始正文，数据预处理
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主要目的：
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- 过滤“不合规”数据
- 2.格式转换和规整
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3.根据后续的统计需求，过滤分离出各种不同主题(不同栏目path)的基础数据
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实现方式：
- 开发一个mr程序WeblogPreProcess
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第一个 WebLogBean.java 程序，定义 日志格式
/**
* 对接外部数据的层，表结构定义最好跟外部数据源保持一致
* 术语：贴源表
* @author
*
*/
public class WebLogBean implements Writable {
private boolean valid = true; // 判断数据是否合法
private String remote_addr; // 记录客户端的ip地址
private String remote_user; // 记录客户端用户名称,忽略属性"-"
private String time_local; // 记录访问时间与时区
private String request; // 记录请求的url与http协议
private String status; // 记录请求状态；成功是200
private String body_bytes_sent; // 记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小
private String http_referer; // 用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的
private String http_user_agent; // 记录客户浏览器的相关信息
public void set(boolean valid,String remote_addr, String remote_user, String time_local, String request, String status, String body_bytes_sent, String http_referer, String http_user_agent) {
this.valid = valid;
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
this.remote_user = remote_user;
this.time_local = time_local;
this.request = request;
this.status = status;
this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;
this.http_referer = http_referer;
this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;
}
public String getRemote_addr() {
return remote_addr;
}
public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
}
public String getRemote_user() {
return remote_user;
}
public void setRemote_user(String remote_user) {
this.remote_user = remote_user;
}
public String getTime_local() {
return this.time_local;
}
public void setTime_local(String time_local) {
this.time_local = time_local;
}
public String getRequest() {
return request;
}
public void setRequest(String request) {
this.request = request;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String status) {
this.status = status;
}
public String getBody_bytes_sent() {
return body_bytes_sent;
}
public void setBody_bytes_sent(String body_bytes_sent) {
this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;
}
public String getHttp_referer() {
return http_referer;
}
public void setHttp_referer(String http_referer) {
this.http_referer = http_referer;
}
public String getHttp_user_agent() {
return http_user_agent;
}
public void setHttp_user_agent(String http_user_agent) {
this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;
}
public boolean isValid() {
return valid;
}
public void setValid(boolean valid) {
this.valid = valid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(this.valid);
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_addr());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_user());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getTime_local());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRequest());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getStatus());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getBody_bytes_sent());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_referer());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_user_agent());
return sb.toString();
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
this.valid = in.readBoolean();
this.remote_addr = in.readUTF();
this.remote_user = in.readUTF();
this.time_local = in.readUTF();
this.request = in.readUTF();
this.status = in.readUTF();
this.body_bytes_sent = in.readUTF();
this.http_referer = in.readUTF();
this.http_user_agent = in.readUTF();
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeBoolean(this.valid);
out.writeUTF(null==remote_addr?"":remote_addr);
out.writeUTF(null==remote_user?"":remote_user);
out.writeUTF(null==time_local?"":time_local);
out.writeUTF(null==request?"":request);
out.writeUTF(null==status?"":status);
out.writeUTF(null==body_bytes_sent?"":body_bytes_sent);
out.writeUTF(null==http_referer?"":http_referer);
out.writeUTF(null==http_user_agent?"":http_user_agent);
}
}-
第二个 WebLogParser.java程序，筛选 和 转换 日期格式
public class WebLogParser {
static SimpleDateFormat df1 = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
static SimpleDateFormat df2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
public static WebLogBean parser(String line){
WebLogBean WebLogBean = new WebLogBean();
String[] arr = line.split(" ");
if (arr.length > 11){
WebLogBean.setRemote_addr(arr[0]);
WebLogBean.setRemote_user(arr[1]);
String time_local = formatDate(arr[3].substring(1));
if(null==time_local) time_local="-invalid_time-";
WebLogBean.setTime_local(time_local);
WebLogBean.setRequest(arr[6]);
WebLogBean.setStatus(arr[8]);
WebLogBean.setBody_bytes_sent(arr[9]);
WebLogBean.setHttp_referer(arr[10]);
//如果useragent元素较多，拼接useragent
if (arr.length > 12){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i=11; i<arr.length;i++){
sb.append(arr[i]);
}
WebLogBean.setHttp_user_agent(sb.toString());
} else {
WebLogBean.setHttp_user_agent(arr[11]);
}
// 大于400，HTTP错误
if (Integer.parseInt(WebLogBean.getStatus()) >= 400){
WebLogBean.setValid(false);
}
if("-invalid_time-".equals(WebLogBean.getTime_local())){
WebLogBean.setValid(false);
}
} else {
WebLogBean.setValid(false);
}
return WebLogBean;
}
public static void filtStaticResource(WebLogBean bean,Set<String> pages) {
if (!pages.contains(bean.getRequest())) {
bean.setValid(false);
}
}
//更换日期的显示格式
public static String formatDate(String time_local){
try {
return df2.format(df1.parse(time_local));
} catch (ParseException e) {
return null;
}
}
}最后一个 WeblogPreProcess.java 主程序
/**
* 处理原始日志，过滤出真实pv请求
* 转换时间格式
* 对缺失字段填充默认值
* 对记录标记valid和invalid
*
* @author
*
*/
public class WeblogPreProcess {
static class WeblogPreProcessMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, NullWritable>{
//用来存储网站url分类数据
Set<String>pages=new HashSet<String>();
Text k =new Text();
NullWritable v = NullWritable.get();
/**
* 从外部加载网站url分类数据
*/
@Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
pages.add("/about");
pages.add("/black-ip-list/");
pages.add("/cassandra-clustor/");
pages.add("/finance-rhive-repurchase/");
pages.add("/hadoop-family-roadmap/");
pages.add("/hadoop-hive-intro/");
pages.add("/hadoop-zookeeper-intro/");
pages.add("/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/");
}
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
WebLogBean WebLogBean = WebLogParser.parser(line);
//过滤 js/图片/css 等静态资源
WebLogParser.filtStaticResource(WebLogBean, pages);
/**
if (!WebLogBean.isValid())
return;
*/
k.set(WebLogBean.toString());
context.write(k, v);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance();
job.setJarByClass(WeblogPreProcess.class);
job.setMapperClass(WeblogPreProcessMapper.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
//FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
//FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("E:/srcdata/webLog/input"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("E:/srcdata/webLog/output"));
boolean res = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(res?0:1);
}
}-
最后预清洗完的日志格式如下：
true1.80.249.223-2013-09-18 07:57:33/hadoop-hive-intro/20014764"http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=hive%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CC4QFjAB&url=%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%62%6c%6f%67%2e%66%65%6e%73%2e%6d%65%2f%68%61%64%6f%6f%70%2d%68%69%76%65%2d%69%6e%74%72%6f%2f&ei=5lw5Uo-2NpGZiQfCwoG4BA&usg=AFQjCNF8EFxPuCMrm7CvqVgzcBUzrJZStQ&bvm=bv.52164340,d.aGc&cad=rjt""Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT5.2;rv:23.0)Gecko/20100101Firefox/23.0" true101.226.167.201-2013-09-18 09:30:36/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/20010335"http://blog.fens.me/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider" true101.226.167.205-2013-09-18 09:30:32/hadoop-family-roadmap/20011715"http://blog.fens.me/hadoop-family-roadmap/""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider" true101.226.169.215-2013-09-18 10:07:31/about3015"http://blog.fens.me/about""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider"文章到这里就完成了，谢谢观看。
本文转自 SimplePoint 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/2226894115/2058352，如需转载请自行联系原作者