通过Cobbler 可以用来快速建立 Linux 网络安装环境。

一、安装cobbler软件

网络环境及安装计划

网关服务器：硬件路由，192.168.88.2

域名服务器：dnsmasq程序，192.168.88.253

DHCP服务器：dnsmasq 程序，192.168.88.253 动态地址范围192.168.88.100-254

tFTP服务器：tfpd-hpa程序，192.168.88.253

cobbler服务器：192.168.88.253

1. 安装cobbler和cobbler-web

其中cobbler-web，是cobbler的web接口，可以通过它来使cobbler操作形象。

# sudo apt-get install cobbler cobbler-web

建议把debmirror 和createrepo也一并安装好了。其中debmirror是用来建立Debinan系统镜像源的工具，而createrepo是用来建立RedHat系列镜像源的工具。

安装完成后，cobbler和apache的服务都会启动。

2. 检查安装cobbler结果

在这里我用curl小工具来测试

# curl -I 192.168.88.253/cobbler/ 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK 
Date: Fri, 01 Nov 2013 19:24:07 GMT 
Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) 
Vary: Accept-Encoding 
Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8

返回200OK就说明工作正常了。

3. 初步配置cobbler

3.1 检查配置是否正确

运行cobbler check检查配置

# sudo cobbler check 
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 
1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

根据上面的提示修复错误。

# sudo apt-get install debmirror

同时配置debmirror

生成/etc/debmirror.conf配置文件

# cp /usr/share/doc/debmirror/examples/debmirror.conf /etc/

修改/etc/debmirror.conf配置文件

注释掉@dists和@arches两行

# vi /etc/debmirror.conf

...

#@dists="sid";

@sections="main,main/debian-installer,contrib,non-free";

#@arches="i386";

...

使配置生效

# sudo cobbler sync 
task started: 2013-11-02_033214_sync 
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Nov  2 03:32:14 2013) 
running pre-sync triggers 
cleaning trees 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/images 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x 
mkdir: /var/www/cobbler/rendered 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/ppc 
mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/etc 
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images 
copying bootloaders 
trying hardlink /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 
trying hardlink /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 
trying hardlink /usr/lib/syslinux/chain.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/chain.c32 
trying hardlink /boot/memtest86+_multiboot.bin -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+_multiboot.bin 
trying hardlink /boot/memtest86+.bin -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+.bin 
trying hardlink /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk 
copying distros to tftpboot 
copying images 
generating GPXE/PXE configuration files 
generating PXE menu structure 
rendering TFTPD files 
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 
cleaning link caches 
running post-sync triggers 
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* 
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services 
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* 
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* 
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track 
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* 
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

重新检查配置

# sudo cobbler check             
No configuration problems found.  All systems go.

4.  配置cobbler web

安装好cobbler web后，默认的访问信息如下，

URL：http://<Chostname>/cobbler_web

用户名：cobbler

密码：cobbler

apache配置文件：/etc/apache2/conf.d/cobbler_web.conf

出于安全考虑，可以通过htdigest命令来修改用户cobbler的密码。

# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler 
Changing password for user cobbler in realm Cobbler 
New password: 
Re-type new password:

使配置生效

以后我们也可以随时通过cobbler sync来重新加载配置文件。

# cobbler sync

task started: 2013-11-02_034250_sync

task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Nov  2 03:42:50 2013)

running pre-sync triggers

cleaning trees

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+_multiboot.bin

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+.bin

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list

copying bootloaders

trying hardlink /boot/memtest86+_multiboot.bin -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+_multiboot.bin

trying hardlink /boot/memtest86+.bin -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/memtest86+.bin

copying distros to tftpboot

copying images

generating GPXE/PXE configuration files

generating PXE menu structure

rendering TFTPD files

generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

cleaning link caches

running post-sync triggers

running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

cobbler web登录界面

cobbler web界面

     本文转自xiaoyuwang 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/wangxiaoyu/1322188，如需转载请自行联系原作者