第十二章介绍了操作文件的一些方法，主要是Python中file类的使用，我们通过指明我们希望打开的文件和模式来创建一个file类的实例。模式可以为读模式（‘r‘）、写模式（‘w‘）或追加模式（‘a‘）。
#!/usr/bin/python
# Filename: using_file.py
poem = ‘‘‘Programming is fun
When the work is done
if you wanna make your work also fun:
use Python!
‘‘‘
f = file(‘poem.txt‘, ‘w‘) # open for ‘w‘riting
f.write(poem) # write text to file
f.close() # close the file
f = file(‘poem.txt‘)
# if no mode is specified, ‘r‘ead mode is assumed by default
while True:
line = f.readline()
if len(line) == 0: # Zero length indicates EOF
break
print line,
# Notice comma to avoid automatic newline added by Python
f.close() # close the file