背景：

0. 服务器的数据是非常重要的，一旦发生磁盘损坏就麻烦了。作为一个管理人员，对数据进行实时地同步备份那是很有必要的。

1. rsync 是一个很好和备份工具，下面以Ubuntu为例讲一下它的配制。

2. 假如我的服务器A的ip为10.141.247.12, 我的备份客户机B的ip为10.141.247.13

服务器端的配制：

1. 打开rsync作为服务器的开关，修改文件/etc/default/rsync的内容其中一行如下（整个文件内容见链接）

RSYNC_ENABLE=true

#[globale]
strict modes = yes  
#rsync default port
port = 873 
logfile = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pidfile = /var/run/rsyncd.pid  
max connections = 4 
auth users = backup, user
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.scrt

#[modules] each path responding to a module
[appbackup]
path = /home/aborn/backup
#hosts allow=9.4.122.24    

[databackup]
path = /home/data

            b) 要备份的每个路径为一个module，这里有两个路径分别对应module为[appbackup]和[databackup]

3. 新建密码文件/etc/rsyncd.scrt 对应内容如下：

backup:configurebackup@#$^&*()google
user:passwordpassword

4. 开启备份服务（开户后可用netstat -tupln查看873端口有没有打开，若打开则成功）

 sudo /etc/init.d/rsync start

1. 假如当前工作目录为~/backup

2. 在当前工作目录创建密码文件rsyncd.scrt，内容和服务器端保持一样，属性也为600

3. 在当前工作目录创建配制文件client.conf，内容如下：

BACKUPPATH="/home/aborn/backup/";
SERVERIP="10.141.247.12"
MODULE="appbackup databackup"
#OPTIONS="-vazu --progress --delete" 
OPTIONS="-vazu --progress"

         SERVERIP为服务器A机器的IP地址

          MODULE为对应于服务端的/etc/rsyncd.conf下的module，多个module以空格分开

4. 运行备份脚本 rsyncclient.sh，其内容如下

#!/bin/bash
##################################################################
# NAME
#    rsyncclient.sh  ---- running in client machine, which
#                      is used to backup data in client machine
#
# USAGE 
#    ./rsyncclient.sh
#
# AUTHOR
#   Aborn Jiang (aborn.jiang@gmail.com)
#
# NOTE    
#   pls configure the file client.conf and rsyncd.scrt
# 
##################################################################
ABSPATH=$(dirname $0)
source ${ABSPATH}/client.conf

function get-user-pwd()
{
# obtain usrname and password
    iUSR=$(cat ${ABSPATH}/rsyncd.scrt|tr -d ‘ ‘ |grep  -v "^$" |         grep -v "^#"|head -n 1|awk -F : ‘{print $1}‘)
    iPWD=$(cat ${ABSPATH}/rsyncd.scrt|tr -d ‘ ‘ |grep  -v "^$" |         grep -v "^#"|head -n 1|awk -F : ‘{print $2}‘)
    if [ -z ${iUSR} ] || [ -z ${iPWD} ];then
        echo "iUSR=$iUSR   iPWD=$iPWD" 
        echo "rsyncd.scrt format illegal, please check!";
        exit -1;
    fi

# produce password file
    echo "$iPWD" > ${ABSPATH}/.pass
    chmod 600 ${ABSPATH}/.pass
    [ ! -d $BACKUPPATH ] && mkdir -p ${BACKUPPATH}
}


function backup-module()
{
# print key information
    iModule=$1
    echo
    echo "---------------------------------------------------"
    echo "---- backup module ${iModule}@${SERVERIP} begin "
    echo "---- TIME=`date`----"
    echo "ABSPATH=${ABSPATH}"   
    echo "BACKUPPATH=${BACKUPPATH}"
    echo "iUSR=$iUSR   iPWD=$iPWD" 
    echo "OPTIONS=${OPTIONS}"
    iModuleBackpath=${BACKUPPATH}/${iModule};
    [ ! -d ${iModuleBackpath} ] && mkdir -p ${iModuleBackpath}

# begin backup
    rsync  ${OPTIONS}  ${iUSR}@${SERVERIP}::${iModule}  ${iModuleBackpath}         --password-file=${ABSPATH}/.pass
    if [ $? != 0 ];then
        echo "---- backup module ${iModule}@${SERVERIP} failed."
    else
        echo "---- backup module ${iModule}@${SERVERIP} succuess. "
    fi
    echo "---- TIME=`date`----"
    echo "---------------------------------------------------"
    echo 
}

function __main__()
{
    get-user-pwd
    for md in $MODULE
    do
        backup-module $md
    done
}

__main__

Ubuntu Linux下用rsync进行数据备份和同步配制