JavaWeb05Servlet

1.Servlet概述

2.HelloServlet

新建项目

父项目中的jar包，子项目可以直接使用，子项目中的jar包，父项目不能使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.mingmao</groupId>
    <artifactId>Javaweb-02-servlet</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>servlet-01</module>
    </modules>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Javaweb-02-servlet</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.mingmao</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>servlet-01</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>servlet-01 Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>servlet-01</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

</web-app>

编写servlet程序

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    // 由于get,post只是请求实现的不同方式，所以可以相互调用，因为业务逻辑都一样
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //ServletOutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();//响应流
        writer.print("Hello,Servlet!");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

<!--    注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

<!--    servlet的请求路径-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

配置Tomcat

启动测试

3.Servlet原理

4.Mapping问题

自己写404页面

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class ErrorServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
        writer.print("<h1>404</h1>");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

<!--    注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
<!--    servlet的请求路径-->
   <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    404-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>error</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ErrorServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>error</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

优先级问题

5.ServletContext

写代码

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("hello");//后台输出
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

启动

ServletContext

1.共享数据

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // this.getInitParameter(); 初始化参数 几乎不用
        //this.getServletConfig(); servlet配置
        //this.getServletContext(); servlet上下文
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        String username="小明";//数据
        servletContext.setAttribute("username",username);//将数据保存在ServletContext中
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String username = (String) servletContext.getAttribute("username");

        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().print(username);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

先启动hello，再启动getc


2.获得参数

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        String url = servletContext.getInitParameter("url");
        resp.getWriter().print(url);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

<!--    配置一些web应用的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/gp</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.请求转发

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

<!--    配置一些web应用的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/gp</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ServletDemo04</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/sd4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

4.读取资源文件

username=root
password=123456

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ServletDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(resourceAsStream);
        String username = properties.getProperty("username");
        String password = properties.getProperty("password");
        resp.getWriter().print(username+":"+password);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

  <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ServletDemo05</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/sd5</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

6.HttpServletResponse

下载文件

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.获取下载文件的路径
        //String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/1.png");
        //String realPath="D:\\file\\Javaweb-02-servlet\\response\\src\\main\\resources\\图片.png"; 中文还是无法下载
        String realPath="D:\\file\\Javaweb-02-servlet\\response\\src\\main\\resources\\1.png";
        //2.获取下载的文件名
        String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\" + 1));
        //3.让浏览器支持下载
        resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename"+URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8"));
        //4.获取下载文件的输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        //5.创建缓冲区
        int len=0;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        //6.获取输出流对象
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
        //7.将输入流写入缓冲区,使用输出流输出到客户端
        while((len=fileInputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
            outputStream.write(bytes,0,len);
        }
        fileInputStream.close();
        outputStream.close();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

验证码

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import static java.awt.Color.white;

public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //让浏览器3s自动刷新一次
        resp.setHeader("refresh","3");
        //在内存中创建一个图片
        BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(80,20,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        //得到图片
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D)bufferedImage.getGraphics();
        //设置图片的背景颜色
        graphics.setColor(Color.white);
        graphics.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
        //给图片写数据
        graphics.setColor(Color.blue);
        graphics.setFont(new Font(null,Font.BOLD,20));
        graphics.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
        //告诉浏览器，这个请求用图片方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpg");
        //网站存在缓存，不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
        //把图片写给浏览器
        boolean write = ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg",resp.getOutputStream());
    }

    //生成随机数
    private String makeNum(){
        Random random = new Random();
        String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
        //不足7位用0填充
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < 7-num.length(); i++) {
            stringBuffer.append("0");
        }
        num = stringBuffer.toString() + num;
        return num;
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/img</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

重定向

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.sendRedirect("/r/img");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/img</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.RedirectServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/red</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

测试

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="get">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"></br>
    <input type="submit"></br>
</form>

</body>
</html>

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RequestTest extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/img</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.RedirectServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/red</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RequestTest</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.RequestTest</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RequestTest</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

测试2

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="get">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"></br>
    <input type="submit"></br>
</form>

</body>
</html>

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: user
  Date: 2021/10/11
  Time: 14:54
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>success</h1>

</body>
</html>

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RequestTest extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //处理请求
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        System.out.println(username+":"+password);
        resp.sendRedirect("/r/success.jsp");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/img</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.RedirectServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RedirectServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/red</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>RequestTest</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.RequestTest</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RequestTest</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

7.HttpServletRequest

获取前端传递的参数与请求转发

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: user
  Date: 2021/10/12
  Time: 8:34
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>登录</h1>
<div style="text-align: center">
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></br>
        密码：<input type="password" name="password"></br>
        爱好：
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="唱歌">唱歌
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="跳舞">跳舞
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="运动">运动 </br>
        <input type="submit">
    </form>
</div>

</body>
</html>

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: user
  Date: 2021/10/12
  Time: 8:48
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>登陆成功</h1>

</body>
</html>

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //获取参数
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String[] hobbys = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");
        //后台输出
        System.out.println(username+":"+password);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobbys));
        //重定向
        //resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req,resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

8.cookie

新建项目

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.mingmao</groupId>
  <artifactId>javaweb-session-cookie</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

</project>

会话与甜点session and cookie

保存会话的两种技术

cookie

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;

//保存用户上一次访问的时间
public class CookieDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

        //服务器从客户端获取cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
        if(cookies!=null){
            out.write("您上一次访问的时间是：");
            for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                //获取cookie的名字
                if(cookie.getName().equals("LastLoginTime")){
                    //获取cookie中的值
                    long lastLoginTime = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
                    Date date = new Date(lastLoginTime);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }
            }
        }else{
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站！");
        }

        //服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("LastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60);// 设置cookie有效期为1天
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app metadata-complete="true" version="3.1"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>CookieDemo1</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mingmao.servlet.CookieDemo1</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>CookieDemo1</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/c1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

关于cookie

删除cookie：

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;

public class CookieDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //创建一个cookie，名字必须和要删除的cookie名字相同
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("LastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        cookie.setMaxAge(0);
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

中文数据传递

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Date;

//中文数据传递
public class CookieDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

        //服务器从客户端获取cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
        if(cookies!=null){
            out.write("您的用户名是：");
            for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                //获取cookie的名字
                if(cookie.getName().equals("name")){
                    //获取cookie中的值
                    out.write(URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(),"utf-8"));//解码，此处不解码也可以
                }
            }
        }else{
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站！");
        }

        //服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", URLEncoder.encode("小明","utf-8"));//编码，此处不编码也可以
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

9.session

session

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SessionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //给session存内容
        session.setAttribute("name","小明");

        //获取session的id
        String id = session.getId();
        //判断session是不是新创建的
        if(session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功,id为："+id);
        }else{
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中存在了,id为："+id);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

获取session对象

package com.mingmao.pojo;

public class Persion {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Persion() {
    }

    public Persion(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Persion{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import com.mingmao.pojo.Persion;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SessionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //给session存内容
        session.setAttribute("name",new Persion("小明",3));

        //获取session的id
        String id = session.getId();
        //判断session是不是新创建的
        if(session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功,id为："+id);
        }else{
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中存在了,id为："+id);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import com.mingmao.pojo.Persion;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class SessionDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        Persion persion = (Persion) session.getAttribute("name");
        System.out.println(persion);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

手动注销session

package com.mingmao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SessionDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.removeAttribute("name");
        session.invalidate();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

自动注销session

<!--    设置session默认的失效时间-->
    <session-config>
<!--        15分钟后session自动失效-->
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

session与cookie的区别

10.学习视频

学习视频