perf + Flame Graph火焰图分析程序性能

1、perf命令简要介绍

性能调优时,我们通常需要分析查找到程序百分比高的热点代码片段,这便需要使用 perf record 记录单个函数级别的统计信息,并使用 perf report 来显示统计结果;

usage: perf [--version] [--help] [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]

 The most commonly used perf commands are:
annotate Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display annotated code
archive Create archive with object files with build-ids found in perf.data file
bench General framework for benchmark suites
buildid-cache Manage build-id cache.
buildid-list List the buildids in a perf.data file
data Data file related processing
diff Read perf.data files and display the differential profile
evlist List the event names in a perf.data file
inject Filter to augment the events stream with additional information
kmem Tool to trace/measure kernel memory properties
kvm Tool to trace/measure kvm guest os
list List all symbolic event types
lock Analyze lock events
mem Profile memory accesses
record Run a command and record its profile into perf.data
report Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display the profile
sched Tool to trace/measure scheduler properties (latencies)
script Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display trace output
stat Run a command and gather performance counter statistics
test Runs sanity tests.
timechart Tool to visualize total system behavior during a workload
top System profiling tool.
trace strace inspired tool
probe Define new dynamic tracepoints See 'perf help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.

举例

perf record -e cpu-clock -g -p 222

-g 选项是告诉perf record额外记录函数的调用关系

-e cpu-clock 指perf record监控的指标为cpu周期

-p 指定需要record的进程pid

程序运行完之后,perf record会生成一个名为perf.data的文件,如果之前已有,那么之前的perf.data文件会被覆盖

获得这个perf.data文件之后,就需要perf report工具进行查看

perf report -i perf.data

-i 指定要查看的文件

以诊断fluentd为例,report结果:

$perf report  -i perf.data
perf + Flame Graph火焰图分析程序性能

这种格式很不直观

 2、使用火焰图展示结果

1、Flame Graph项目位于GitHub上:https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph

2、可以用git将其clone下来:git clone https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph.git

 注意:git clone之后,下面用到的*.pl文件先给+x可执行权限,注意路径

我们以perf为例,看一下flamegraph的使用方法:

1、第一步

$perf record -e cpu-clock -g -p 28591

Ctrl+c结束执行后,在当前目录下会生成采样数据perf.data.

2、第二步

用perf script工具对perf.data进行解析

perf script -i perf.data &> perf.unfold

3、第三步

将perf.unfold中的符号进行折叠:

./stackcollapse-perf.pl perf.unfold &> perf.folded

注意:该命令可能有错误,错误提示在perf.folded

4、最后生成svg图:

./flamegraph.pl perf.folded > perf.svg

perf + Flame Graph火焰图分析程序性能

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