命名空间模式
即使不同的APP使用相同的URL名称，URL的命名空间模式也可以让你唯一反转命名的URL。
举个例子：
项目的urls.py写法：
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^app01/‘, include(‘app01.urls‘)),
url(r‘^app02/‘, include(‘app02.urls‘)),
]
app01下的urls.py写法
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
app02下的urls.py的写法
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
# app_name = ‘app02‘
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
app01下的views.py的写法
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok‘)
app02下的views.py的写法
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok2‘)
你会发现，不管你是访问app01下的index还是app02下的index，打印的结果都是/app02/index/，也就是打印的是最后一个index别名对应的url路径。所以别名冲突了的话就需要我们的命名空间来保证别名对应的url的唯一性了。
project中的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^app01/‘, include(‘app01.urls‘, namespace=‘app01‘)),
url(r‘^app02/‘, include(‘app02.urls‘, namespace=‘app02‘)),
]
app01中的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^(?P<pk>\d+)/$‘, views.detail, name=‘detail‘)
]
app02中的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from app02 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^(?P<pk>\d+)/$‘, views.detail, name=‘detail‘)
]
现在，我的两个app中 url名称重复了，我反转URL的时候就可以通过命名空间的名称得到我当前的URL。
语法：
‘命名空间名称:URL名称‘
模板中使用：
{% url ‘app01:detail‘ pk=12 pp=99 %}
views中的函数中使用
v = reverse(‘app01:detail‘, kwargs={‘pk‘:11})
这样即使app中URL的命名相同，我也可以反转得到正确的URL了。
第二种写法：就是在每个app下的urls.py文件中指定app名称，同样是命名空间。
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
# url(r‘^app01/‘, include(‘app01.urls‘,namespace=‘app01‘)),
url(r‘^app01/‘, include(‘app01.urls‘)),
# url(r‘^app02/‘, include(‘app02.urls‘,namespace=‘app02‘)),
url(r‘^app02/‘, include(‘app02.urls‘)),
]
app01下的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
app_name = ‘app01‘
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
app02下的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
app_name = ‘app02‘
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
app01下的view视图中反向解析
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘app01:index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok‘)
app02下的view视图中反向解析
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘app02:index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok2‘)
第三种写法：
项目的urls.py中的写法：
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
# url(r‘^app01/‘, include(‘app01.urls‘,namespace=‘app01‘)),
url(r‘^app01/‘, include((‘app01.urls‘,‘app01‘),namespace=‘app01‘)),
# url(r‘^app02/‘, include(‘app02.urls‘,namespace=‘app02‘)),
url(r‘^app02/‘, include((‘app02.urls‘,‘app02‘),namespace=‘app02‘)),
]
那么其他的app中的urls.py中就不需要写app_name=‘应用名‘了，看app01下urls.py的写法：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
app02下urls.py的写法：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index,name=‘index‘),
]
视图的写法：
#app01
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘app01:index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok‘)
#app02
def index(request):
print(reverse(‘app02:index‘))
return HttpResponse(‘ok2‘)