转载请注明出处：http://my.csdn.net/feng1790291543
名称：老师和学生的信息管理系统
功能和要求：
1、有CPerson(抽象类)、CTeacher、CStudent三个类，使用继承关系。根据界面的菜单(如打印所有老师信息、打印所有学生信息、打印所有人员信息、
增加老师信息、增加学生信息)等。
2、最好使用链表来实现(为简化，也可先用数组来实现，但录入的人员个数就有限制了)
以下是代码模块分析：
基类Person.h： //抽象类
class CPerson
{
public:
int HumanAge; //抽象类变量
CPerson(); //无参构造函数
virtual ~CPerson();
CPerson(int HumanAge); //含参数的构造函数
void PrintHuman();
};
基类源程序Person.cpp
#include "Person.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CPerson::CPerson()
{
}
CPerson::~CPerson()
{
}
CPerson::CPerson(int HumanAge)
{
this->HumanAge=HumanAge;
return ;
}
void CPerson::PrintHuman()
{
cout<<" Person‘age is "<<this->HumanAge<<endl;
return ;
}
模块化——节点Node.h文件
typedef void (*pfun)(void *data); //定义函数指针，为以后使用回调函数做准备
class CNode
{
public:
void *data; //节点数据值
CNode *next; //节点下个指针（指针域）
public:
CNode();
virtual ~CNode();
};
节点Node.cpp：
//不做任何变化
#include "Node.h"
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CNode::CNode()
{
}
CNode::~CNode()
{
}
然后，就是CStudent学生类的链表
StudentLink.h
#include "Node.h"
class CStudentLink
{
public:
CStudentLink();
virtual ~CStudentLink();
CNode *CreateLink(); //创建节点函数
void StudentLinkAdd(CNode **head,void *data); //学生节点的添加函数
void PrintStudentLink(CNode *head,pfun print_student); //学生链表打印函数
};
源文件 StudentLink.cpp
// StudentLink.cpp: implementation of the CStudentLink class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "StudentLink.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "Node.h"
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CStudentLink::CStudentLink()
{
}
CStudentLink::~CStudentLink()
{
}
CNode *CStudentLink::CreateLink()
{
CNode *head=NULL;
return head;
}
void CStudentLink::StudentLinkAdd(CNode **head,void *data)
{
CNode *node=new CNode; //动态分配内存空间
CNode *node2; //定义CNode 类型指针
if(node==NULL)
{
cout<<"节点为空."<<endl; //节点为空，退出程序
exit(0);
}
node->data=data; //增加节点值，下个节点置空
node->next=NULL;
if(*head==NULL)
{
*head=node; //如果头结点为空，则将第一个值追加到第一个节点
}
else
{
node2=*head; //node2保存head的值
while(node2->next!=NULL)
{
node2=node2->next; //node2遍历链表
}
node2->next=node; //增加节点
}
return ;
}
void CStudentLink::PrintStudentLink(CNode *head,pfun print_student)
{
CNode *node=head;
if(head==NULL)
{
return ; //当头为空时，不做任何事情
}
while(node!=NULL)
{
print_student(node->data); //传递函数指针，指向print_student（）函数的入口地址，打印节点的值，直到node为空，才退出
node=node->next;
}
return ;
}
TeacherList.h
#include "Node.h"
#include "TeacherLink.h"
class CTeacherList :public CTeacherLink
{
public:
CNode *header;
CTeacherList();
virtual ~CTeacherList();
void TeacherListAdd(void *data); //这里实现跟上述StudentLink一样的功能，只是模块化分层了~
void PrintList(pfun print_teacher);
};
源文件 TeacherList.cpp
StudentList.cpp: implementation of the CStudentList class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "StudentLink.h"
#include "StudentList.h"
#include "Node.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CStudentList::CStudentList()
{
head=CStudentLink::CreateLink(); //直接调用StudentLink的方法，实现链表的创建
}
CStudentList::~CStudentList()
{
}
void CStudentList::StudentListAdd(void *data)
{
CStudentLink::StudentLinkAdd(&head,data); //直接调用StudentLink的方法，实现节点的添加
return ;
}
void CStudentList::PrintList(pfun print_student)
{
CStudentLink::PrintStudentLink(head,print_student); //直接调用StudentLink的方法，实现节点的打印
return ;
}
Student.h文件 //应用层实现
#include "Person.h"
class CStudent :public CPerson
{
public:
int StudentNumber;
char *StudentName; //学号或者称呼/外号
public:
CStudent();
virtual ~CStudent();
CStudent(int StudentNumber,char *StudentName,int HumanAge); //有惨构造函数
void print_studentHuman(); //打印函数
};
源文件 Student.cpp
// Student.cpp: implementation of the CStudent class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "Student.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "StudentList.h"
using namespace std;
#include "Person.h"
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CStudent::CStudent()
{
}
CStudent::~CStudent()
{
cout<<"在次调用Stduent析构函数."<<endl;
return ;
}
CStudent::CStudent(int StudentNumber,char *StudentName,int HumanAge):CPerson(HumanAge) //继承父类，构造函数初始化
{
this->StudentNumber=StudentNumber;
this->StudentName=new char[strlen(StudentName)+1];
strcpy(this->StudentName,StudentName);
return ;
}
void CStudent::print_studentHuman() //打印
{
cout<<"StudentNumber is "<<StudentNumber<<endl<<"StudentName is"<<StudentName<<endl;
CPerson::PrintHuman(); //调用打印父类变量
return ;
}
TeacherLink.h //以下与以上学生类、链表的建立同理
#include "Node.h"
class CTeacherLink
{
public:
CTeacherLink();
virtual ~CTeacherLink();
CNode *CreateLink();
void TeacherLinkAdd(CNode **head,void *data);
void PrintTeacherLink(CNode *head,pfun Print_teacher);
};
TeacherLink.cpp
// TeacherLink.cpp: implementation of the CTeacherLink class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "TeacherLink.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "Node.h"
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CTeacherLink::CTeacherLink()
{
}
CTeacherLink::~CTeacherLink()
{
}
CNode *CTeacherLink::CreateLink()
{
CNode *head=NULL;
return head;
}
void CTeacherLink::TeacherLinkAdd(CNode **head,void *data)
{
CNode *node=new CNode;
CNode *node2;
if(node==NULL)
{
cout<<"节点为空."<<endl;
exit(0);
}
node->data=data;
node->next=NULL;
if(*head==NULL)
{
*head=node;
}
else
{
node2=*head;
while(node2->next!=NULL)
{
node2=node2->next;
}
node2->next=node;
}
return ;
}
void CTeacherLink::PrintTeacherLink(CNode *head,pfun print_teacher)
{
CNode *node=head;
if(head==NULL)
{
return ;
}
while(node!=NULL)
{
print_teacher(node->data);
node=node->next;
}
return ;
}
TeacherList.h
#include "Node.h"
#include "TeacherLink.h"
class CTeacherList :public CTeacherLink
{
public:
CNode *header;
CTeacherList();
virtual ~CTeacherList();
void TeacherListAdd(void *data);
void PrintList(pfun print_teacher);
//CNode *CreateList();
};
TeacherList.cpp
// TeacherList.cpp: implementation of the CTeacherList class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "TeacherList.h"
#include "TeacherLink.h"
#include "Node.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CTeacherList::CTeacherList()
{
header=CTeacherList::CreateLink();
}
CTeacherList::~CTeacherList()
{
}
void CTeacherList::TeacherListAdd(void *data)
{
CTeacherLink::TeacherLinkAdd(&header,data);
return ;
}
void CTeacherList::PrintList(pfun print_teacher)
{
CTeacherLink::PrintTeacherLink(header,print_teacher);
return ;
}
Teacher.h
#include "StudentLink.h"
#include "Node.h"
#include "Person.h"
class CTeacher :public CPerson
{
public:
int TeacherNumber; //教师编号
char *TeacherTitle; //教师职称
char *TeacherName; //教师姓名
CTeacher();
virtual ~CTeacher();
CTeacher(int HumanAge,int TeacherNumber,char *TeacherName,char *TeacherTitle); //含参数构造函数
void PrintTeacher(); //打印教师
};
Teacher.cpp
// Teacher.cpp: implementation of the CTeacher class.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "Teacher.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CTeacher::CTeacher()
{
}
CTeacher::~CTeacher()
{
}
CTeacher::CTeacher(int HumanAge,int TeacherNumber,char *TeacherName,char *TeacherTitle):CPerson(HumanAge)
{
this->TeacherName=new char[strlen(TeacherName)+1];
strcpy(this->TeacherName,TeacherName);
this->TeacherNumber=TeacherNumber;
this->TeacherTitle=new char[strlen(TeacherTitle)+1];
strcpy(this->TeacherTitle,TeacherTitle);
return ;
}
void CTeacher::PrintTeacher()
{
cout<<"Teacher‘number is "<<this->TeacherNumber<<" Teacher‘s Name is "<<this->TeacherName<<" Teacher‘s Title is "<<this->TeacherTitle<<endl;
CPerson::PrintHuman();
return ;
}
main.cpp文件
#include "Course.h"
#include "Student.h"
#include "Scollege.h"
#include "Primary.h"
#include "StudentList.h"
#include "Teacher.h"
#include "TeacherList.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
#define max 2
void print_student(void *data) //应用层打印学生函数
{
CStudent *stu=(CStudent *)data;
stu->print_studentHuman();
return ;
}
void print_teacher(void *data) //应用层打印教师函数
{
CTeacher *teach=(CTeacher *)data;
teach->PrintTeacher();
return ;
}
int main()
{
int i;
cout<<"学生和教师信息系统"<<endl;
CStudentList list; //定义一个list学生连表对象
CTeacherList teacher; //定义一个teacher教师链表对象
CStudent *list2=new CStudent[10]; //定义学生数组
CTeacher *list3=new CTeacher[10]; //定义教师数组
char buffer4[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer5[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer6[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer7[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer8[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer9[20]={‘\0‘};
char buffer10[20]={‘\0‘}; //定义缓存，避免字符串越界溢出
int m; //功能选项变量
int stu; //学生人数
int teach; //教师人数
while(1)
{
cout<<"(1)ADD Student‘s Information."<<endl;
cout<<"(2)Print Student‘s Information."<<endl;
cout<<"(3)ADD Teacher‘s Information."<<endl;
cout<<"(4)Print Student‘s Information."<<endl;
cout<<"(5)Print ALL Information."<<endl;
cout<<"(6)Quit System."<<endl;
m=getchar();
switch(m)
{
case ‘1‘:
cout<<endl<<"准备增加学生信息."<<endl;
cout<<"输入增加的人数个数：";
cin>>stu;
for(i=0;i<stu;i++)
{
cout<<"学号：";
cin>>list2[i].StudentNumber;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"学生姓名：";
cin>>buffer4;
list2[i].StudentName=new char[strlen(buffer4)+1];
strcpy(list2[i].StudentName,buffer4);
cout<<endl;
cout<<"学生年龄：";
cin>>list2[i].HumanAge;
cout<<endl;
}
for(i=0;i<stu;i++)
{
list.StudentListAdd((void *)&list2[i]);
}
break;
case ‘2‘:
cout<<endl<<"准备输出学生信息."<<endl;
list.PrintList(print_student);
break;
case ‘3‘:
cout<<endl<<"准备增加教师信息."<<endl;
cout<<"输入增加的人数个数：";
cin>>teach;
for(i=0;i<teach;i++)
{
cout<<"教师年龄:";
cin>>list3[i].HumanAge;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"教师编号：";
cin>>list3[i].TeacherNumber;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"教师姓名：";
cin>>buffer5;
list3[i].TeacherName=new char[strlen(buffer5)+1];
strcpy(list3[i].TeacherName,buffer5);
cout<<endl;
cout<<"教师职称：";
cin>>buffer6;
list3[i].TeacherTitle=new char[strlen(buffer6)+1];
strcpy(list3[i].TeacherTitle,buffer6);
cout<<endl;
}
for(i=0;i<teach;i++)
{
teacher.TeacherListAdd((void *)&list3[i]);
}
break;
case ‘4‘:
cout<<endl<<"准备输出教师信息."<<endl;
teacher.PrintList(print_teacher);
break;
case ‘5‘:
cout<<endl<<"准备输出所有人员的信息."<<endl;
if(list2!=NULL)
{
list.PrintList(print_student);
}
if(list3!=NULL)
teacher.PrintList(print_teacher);
break;
case ‘6‘:
cout<<endl<<"退出系统."<<endl;
exit(0);
break;
}
fflush(stdin); //清理缓存，防止反复打印
}
return 0;
}
实现以上增加和打印功能的信息系统，运用到抽象类、继承、链表等C++中常见的知识和数据结构，以下是运行效果：