apache虚拟主机、日志轮询、日志统计、去版本优化

一、虚拟主机

1.基于域名的虚拟主机

www.zhang.com   /var/html/www

blog.zhang.com  /var/html/blog

bbs.zhang.com   /var/html/bbs

#创建虚拟机目录

mkdir /var/html/{www,blog,bbs} -p

tree /var/html/

/var/html/

├── bbs

├── blog

└── www

#创建默认文件

touch /var/html/{www,blog,bbs}/index.html

tree /var/html/

/var/html/

├── bbs

│   └── index.html

├── blog

│   └── index.html

└── www

    └── index.html

#写入默认文件内容

for name in www blog bbs;do echo "http://$name.zhang.com" >/var/html/$name/index.html;done

for name in www blog bbs;do cat /var/html/$name/index.html;done

http://www.zhang.com

http://blog.zhang.com

http://bbs.zhang.com


#配置虚拟站点

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/www"
    ServerName www.zhang.com
    ServerAlias zhang.com
    ErrorLog "logs/www-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/www-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
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<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/blog"
    ServerName blog.zhang.com
    ServerAlias blog.com
    ErrorLog "logs/blog-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/blog-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/bbs"
    ServerName bbs.zhang.com
    ServerAlias bbs.com
    ErrorLog "logs/bbs-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/bbs-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>


#修改主配置文件加载虚拟站点,去掉注释#号

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

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Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf


#增加虚拟目录访问权限

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

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<Directory "/var/html">
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#检查配置文件,重新加载配置文件

/etc/init.d/httpd -t

Syntax OK

/etc/init.d/httpd graceful


#测试访问站点,注意需要在客户机上配置hosts,配置域名解析

http://www.zhang.com

http://blog.zhang.com

http://bbs.zhang.com


2.基于端口的虚拟主机

#在主配置文件中增加端口监听

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

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Listen 80
Listen 8000
Listen 9000

#修改虚拟主机端口号

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/www"
    ServerName www.zhang.com
    ServerAlias zhang.com
    ErrorLog "logs/www-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/www-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:8000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/blog"
    ServerName blog.zhang.com
    ServerAlias blog.com
    ErrorLog "logs/blog-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/blog-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:9000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/bbs"
    ServerName bbs.zhang.com
    ServerAlias bbs.com
    ErrorLog "logs/bbs-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/bbs-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

#检查配置文件,重新加载配置文件

/etc/init.d/httpd -t

Syntax OK

/etc/init.d/httpd graceful


3.基于ip的虚拟主机

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost 10.0.1:80>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/www"
    ServerName www.zhang.com
    ServerAlias zhang.com
    ErrorLog "logs/www-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/www-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 10.0.2:8000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/blog"
    ServerName blog.zhang.com
    ServerAlias blog.com
    ErrorLog "logs/blog-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/blog-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 10.0.3:9000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/bbs"
    ServerName bbs.zhang.com
    ServerAlias bbs.com
    ErrorLog "logs/bbs-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/bbs-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>


二、apache日志轮询

1.使用cronolog软件实现日志轮询

tar zxvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz 

cd cronolog-1.6.2

./configure 

make

make install

#查看cronolog软件安装路径

ll /usr/local/sbin/cronolog 

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 40438 4月  23 22:49 /usr/local/sbin/cronolog

#修改虚拟主机日志记录按天使用轮询

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost *:9000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/bbs"
    ServerName bbs.zhang.com
    ServerAlias bbs.com
    ErrorLog "logs/bbs-error_log"
    CustomLog "|/usr/local/sbin/cronolog /usr/local/http/logs/access_bbs_%Y%m%d.log" combined
#增加上面一行,对BBS进行访问日志轮询,以天为单位
</VirtualHost>

2.使用apache自带工具

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost *:9000>
    ServerAdmin root@123.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/html/bbs"
    ServerName bbs.zhang.com
    ServerAlias bbs.com
    ErrorLog "|/usr/local/httpd/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/http/logs/access_bbs_%Y%m%d-%H:%M.log 5M"   #以大小为单位轮询日志
    CustomLog "|/usr/local/httpd/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/http/logs/access_bbs_%Y%m%d-%H:%M.log 86400" combined
#对BBS进行访问日志轮询,86400为妙数,以天为单位
</VirtualHost>

3、使用shell脚本加定时任务轮询日志文件

cat /usr/local/httpd/logpolling.sh

cd /usr/local/httpd/logs

mv www-access_log www-access_$(date +%F)_log

/usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful

echo "0 0 * * * /usr/local/httpd/logpolling.sh &>/dev/null" >>/var/spool/cron/root 

三、分析日志

#查看访问日志中访问次数最多的ip取最多的10个

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awk '{print $1}' access_bbs_20170423.log |sort|uniq -c|sort -rn -k1|head -10
#同上
awk '{++S[$1]} END {for (key in S) print S[key],key}' access_bbs_20170423.log |sort -rn -k1|head -10

四、修改隐藏版本信息

1、在编译安装之前更改

vim /root/tools/httpd-2.4.25/include/ap_release.h

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#define AP_SERVER_BASEVENDOR "Apache Software Foundation"
#define AP_SERVER_BASEPROJECT "Apache HTTP Server" 
#define AP_SERVER_BASEPRODUCT "Apache"
#define AP_SERVER_MAJORVERSION_NUMBER 2  #主版本
#define AP_SERVER_MINORVERSION_NUMBER 4  #次版本号
#define AP_SERVER_PATCHLEVEL_NUMBER   25   
#define AP_SERVER_DEVBUILD_BOOLEAN    0

vim /root/tools/httpd-2.4.25/os/unix/os.h

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#define PLATFORM "Unix"  #运行系统


2、在安装完后修改配置文件,隐藏版本信息

curl -I 10.0.0.4   #查看版本信息

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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sun, 23 Apr 2017 15:35:39 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.25 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Thu, 20 Apr 2017 17:33:10 GMT
ETag: "15-54d9c88ebe6ed"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 21
Content-Type: text/html

#去掉版本号

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

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ServerTokens Prod
ServerSignature Off

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #去掉前面的注释#号

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Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

#重新加载配置

../bin/apachectl graceful

#重新查看版本信息

curl -I 10.0.0.4

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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sun, 23 Apr 2017 15:39:10 GMT
Server: Apache    #此次已不再显示版本信息
Last-Modified: Thu, 20 Apr 2017 17:33:10 GMT
ETag: "15-54d9c88ebe6ed"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 21
Content-Type: text/html
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