要用Java发送邮件,除过JDK本身的jar包之外,还需要两个额外的jar包:JavaMail和JAF。当然,如果你使用的JavaEE的JDK,那就不用单独去网上下载了,因为JavaEE的JDK中已经自带了这两个jar包。如果你使用的是JavaSE的JDK,那么你需要去Oracle的网站上下载这两个jar包。JavaMail
1.4.5 jar包下载地址是:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html,JAF
1.1.1 jar包下载地址是:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index-135046.html。将这两个Zip包下载下来之后解压,将里边的几个jar包(mail.jar、dsn.jar、imap.jar、mailapi.jar、pop3.jar、smtp.jar和activation.jar)全部加到工程里边。下边就可以开始写程序了。加上测试程序,一共有4个类。
第一个类:MailSenderInfo.java,记录发送邮件所需的各种信息,如发送邮件服务器的地址、端口号、发件人邮箱、收件人邮箱等等。代码如下:
1 package com.test.mail; 2 import java.util.Properties; 3 4 public class MailSenderInfo { 5 // 发送邮件的服务器的IP(或主机地址) 6 private String mailServerHost; 7 // 发送邮件的服务器的端口 8 private String mailServerPort = "25"; 9 // 发件人邮箱地址 10 private String fromAddress; 11 // 收件人邮箱地址 12 private String toAddress; 13 // 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名 14 private String userName; 15 // 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码 16 private String password; 17 // 是否需要身份验证 18 private boolean validate = false; 19 // 邮件主题 20 private String subject; 21 // 邮件的文本内容 22 private String content; 23 // 邮件附件的文件名 24 private String[] attachFileNames; 25 26 public Properties getProperties() { 27 Properties p = new Properties(); 28 p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost); 29 p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort); 30 p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false"); 31 return p; 32 } 33 public String getMailServerHost() { 34 return mailServerHost; 35 } 36 public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) { 37 this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost; 38 } 39 public String getMailServerPort() { 40 return mailServerPort; 41 } 42 public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) { 43 this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort; 44 } 45 public boolean isValidate() { 46 return validate; 47 } 48 public void setValidate(boolean validate) { 49 this.validate = validate; 50 } 51 public String[] getAttachFileNames() { 52 return attachFileNames; 53 } 54 public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) { 55 this.attachFileNames = fileNames; 56 } 57 public String getFromAddress() { 58 return fromAddress; 59 } 60 public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) { 61 this.fromAddress = fromAddress; 62 } 63 public String getPassword() { 64 return password; 65 } 66 public void setPassword(String password) { 67 this.password = password; 68 } 69 public String getToAddress() { 70 return toAddress; 71 } 72 public void setToAddress(String toAddress) { 73 this.toAddress = toAddress; 74 } 75 public String getUserName() { 76 return userName; 77 } 78 public void setUserName(String userName) { 79 this.userName = userName; 80 } 81 public String getSubject() { 82 return subject; 83 } 84 public void setSubject(String subject) { 85 this.subject = subject; 86 } 87 public String getContent() { 88 return content; 89 } 90 public void setContent(String textContent) { 91 this.content = textContent; 92 } 93 }
第二个类:MyAuthenticator.java,邮箱用户名和密码认证器。代码如下:
1 package com.test.mail; 2 import javax.mail.Authenticator; 3 import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication; 4 5 public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator { 6 String userName = null; 7 String password = null; 8 public MyAuthenticator() { 9 } 10 public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) { 11 this.userName = username; 12 this.password = password; 13 } 14 protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 15 return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); 16 } 17 }
第三个类:SimpleMailSender.java,用来发送邮件类。代码如下:
1 package com.test.mail; 2 import java.util.Date; 3 import java.util.Properties; 4 import javax.mail.Address; 5 import javax.mail.BodyPart; 6 import javax.mail.Message; 7 import javax.mail.MessagingException; 8 import javax.mail.Multipart; 9 import javax.mail.Session; 10 import javax.mail.Transport; 11 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 12 import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; 13 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 14 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; 15 16 public class SimpleMailSender { 17 18 public boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) { 19 // 判断是否需要身份认证 20 MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; 21 Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties(); 22 if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { 23 // 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器 24 authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); 25 } 26 // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 27 Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator); 28 try { 29 // 根据session创建一个邮件消息 30 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); 31 // 创建邮件发送者地址 32 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); 33 // 设置邮件消息的发送者 34 mailMessage.setFrom(from); 35 // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 36 Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); 37 mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); 38 // 设置邮件消息的主题 39 mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); 40 // 设置邮件消息发送的时间 41 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); 42 // 设置邮件消息的主要内容 43 String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent(); 44 mailMessage.setText(mailContent); 45 // 发送邮件 46 Transport.send(mailMessage); 47 return true; 48 } catch (MessagingException ex) { 49 ex.printStackTrace(); 50 } 51 return false; 52 } 53 54 public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) { 55 // 判断是否需要身份认证 56 MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; 57 Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties(); 58 // 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器 59 if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { 60 authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); 61 } 62 // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 63 Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator); 64 try { 65 // 根据session创建一个邮件消息 66 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); 67 // 创建邮件发送者地址 68 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); 69 // 设置邮件消息的发送者 70 mailMessage.setFrom(from); 71 // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 72 Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); 73 // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO 74 mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); 75 // 设置邮件消息的主题 76 mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); 77 // 设置邮件消息发送的时间 78 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); 79 // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类,包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象 80 Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart(); 81 // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart 82 BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart(); 83 // 设置HTML内容 84 html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8"); 85 mainPart.addBodyPart(html); 86 // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容 87 mailMessage.setContent(mainPart); 88 // 发送邮件 89 Transport.send(mailMessage); 90 return true; 91 } catch (MessagingException ex) { 92 ex.printStackTrace(); 93 } 94 return false; 95 } 96 }
第三个类:SimpleMailSender.java,用来发送邮件类。代码如下:
1 package com.test.mail; 2 public class SendMailDemo { 3 public static void main(String[] args) { 4 // 设置邮件服务器信息 5 MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo(); 6 mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.163.com"); 7 mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25"); 8 mailInfo.setValidate(true); 9 10 // 邮箱用户名 11 mailInfo.setUserName("zhangsan@163.com"); 12 // 邮箱密码 13 mailInfo.setPassword("zhangsanpass"); 14 // 发件人邮箱 15 mailInfo.setFromAddress("zhangsan@163.com"); 16 // 收件人邮箱 17 mailInfo.setToAddress("lisi@sina.com"); 18 // 邮件标题 19 mailInfo.setSubject("测试Java程序发送邮件"); 20 // 邮件内容 21 StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); 22 buffer.append("JavaMail 1.4.5 jar包下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html\n"); 23 buffer.append("JAF 1.1.1 jar包下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index-135046.html"); 24 mailInfo.setContent(buffer.toString()); 25 26 // 发送邮件 27 SimpleMailSender sms = new SimpleMailSender(); 28 // 发送文体格式 29 sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo); 30 // 发送html格式 31 SimpleMailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo); 32 System.out.println("邮件发送完毕"); 33 } 34 }
至此,Java邮件发送程序已经写完,当然了,这只是实现了最基本的功能。经过测试,可以将邮件发送出去。