这篇文章主要介绍了C#使用RabbitMq队列(Sample,Work,Fanout,Direct等模式的简单使用),本文给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下
1：RabbitMQ是个啥？（专业术语参考自网络）
RabbitMQ是实现了高级消息队列协议（AMQP）的开源消息代理软件（亦称面向消息的中间件）。
RabbitMQ服务器是用Erlang语言编写的，Erlang是专门为高并发而生的语言，而集群和故障转移是构建在开发电信平台框架上的。所有主要的编程语言均有与代理接口通讯的客户端库
2：使用RabbitMQ有啥好处？
RabbitMQ是使用Erlang语言开发的开源消息队列系统，基于AMQP协议来实现。
AMQP的主要特征是面向消息、队列、路由（包括点对点和发布/订阅）、可靠性、安全。
AMQP协议更多用在企业系统内，对数据一致性、稳定性和可靠性要求很高的场景，对性能和吞吐量的要求还在其次。
RabbitMQ的可靠性是非常好的，数据能够保证百分之百的不丢失。可以使用镜像队列，它的稳定性非常好。所以说在我们互联网的金融行业。
对数据的稳定性和可靠性要求都非常高的情况下，我们都会选择RabbitMQ。当然没有kafka性能好，但是要比AvtiveMQ性能要好很多。也可以自己做一些性能的优化。
RabbitMQ可以构建异地双活架构，包括每一个节点存储方式可以采用磁盘或者内存的方式，
3:RabbitMq的安装以及环境搭建等：
网络上有很多关于怎么搭建配置RabbitMq服务环境的详细文章，也比较简单，这里不再说明，本人是Docker上面的pull RabbitMq 镜像来安装的！
3.1：运行容器的命令如下：
docker run -d --hostname Log --restart=always --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=log_user -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=331QQFEG123 rabbitmq:3-management
4：RabbitMq的使用场景主要有哪些，啥时候用或者不用？
4.1什么时候使用MQ？
1）数据驱动的任务依赖
2）上游不关心多下游执行结果
3）异步返回执行时间长
4.2什么时候不使用MQ？
需要实时关注执行结果 （eg：同步调用）
5：具体C#怎么使用RabbitMq?下面直接上code和测试截图了（Demo环境是.NetCore3.1控制台+Docker上的RabbitMQ容器来进行的）
6：sample模式，就是简单地队列模式，一进一出的效果差不多，测试截图：
Code:
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//简单生产端 ui调用者using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//就是简单的队列，生产者
Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqPublishDemo====");
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
{
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishSampleMsg("smapleMsg", $"nihaifengge:{i}");
}
Console.WriteLine("生成完毕！");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}/// <summary>/// 简单生产者 逻辑/// </summary>/// <param name="queueName"></param>/// <param name="msg"></param>public static void PublishSampleMsg(string queueName, string msg)
{ using (IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
{
using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
{
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);
}
}
}//简单消费端using System;
namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqConsumerDemo====");
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeSampleMsg("smapleMsg", isBasicNack: true, handleMsgStr: handleMsgStr =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{DateTime.Now}:{handleMsgStr}");
});
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
} #region 简单生产者后端逻辑
/// <summary>
/// 简单消费者
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queueName">队列名称</param>
/// <param name="isBasicNack">失败后是否自动放到队列</param>
/// <param name="handleMsgStr">有就自己对字符串的处理,如果要存储到数据库请自行扩展</param>
public static void ConsumeSampleMsg(string queueName, bool isBasicNack = false, Action<string> handleMsgStr = null)// bool ifBasicReject = false,
{
Console.WriteLine("ConsumeSampleMsg Waiting for messages....");
IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
IModel channel = conn.CreateModel();
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
{
byte[] bymsg = ea.Body.ToArray();
string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bymsg);
if (handleMsgStr != null)
{
handleMsgStr.Invoke(msg);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}->收到消息:{msg}");
}
};
channel.BasicConsume(queueName, autoAck: true, consumer);
}
#endregion
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7：Work模式
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//简单生产端 ui调用者using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//就是简单的队列，生产者
Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqPublishDemo====");
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
{
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishSampleMsg("smapleMsg", $"nihaifengge:{i}");
}
Console.WriteLine("生成完毕！");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}/// <summary>/// 简单生产者 逻辑/// </summary>/// <param name="queueName"></param>/// <param name="msg"></param>public static void PublishSampleMsg(string queueName, string msg)
{ using (IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
{
using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
{
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);
}
}
}//简单消费端using System;
namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqConsumerDemo====");
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeSampleMsg("smapleMsg", isBasicNack: true, handleMsgStr: handleMsgStr =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{DateTime.Now}:{handleMsgStr}");
});
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
} #region 简单生产者后端逻辑
/// <summary>
/// 简单消费者
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queueName">队列名称</param>
/// <param name="isBasicNack">失败后是否自动放到队列</param>
/// <param name="handleMsgStr">有就自己对字符串的处理,如果要存储到数据库请自行扩展</param>
public static void ConsumeSampleMsg(string queueName, bool isBasicNack = false, Action<string> handleMsgStr = null)// bool ifBasicReject = false,
{
Console.WriteLine("ConsumeSampleMsg Waiting for messages....");
IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
IModel channel = conn.CreateModel();
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
{
byte[] bymsg = ea.Body.ToArray();
string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bymsg);
if (handleMsgStr != null)
{
handleMsgStr.Invoke(msg);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}->收到消息:{msg}");
}
};
channel.BasicConsume(queueName, autoAck: true, consumer);
}
#endregion
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8：Fanout
Code:
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//就如下的code, 多次生产，3个消费者都可以自动开始消费//生产者using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
{
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishWorkQueueModel("workqueue", $" :发布消息成功{i}");
}
Console.WriteLine("工作队列模式 生成完毕......！");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}//生产者后端逻辑public static void PublishWorkQueueModel(string queueName, string msg)
{
using (var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
properties.Persistent = true;
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: properties, body: body);
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},SentMsg: {msg}");
}
}
//work消费端using System;
namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("====Work模式开启了====");
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeWorkQueueModel("workqueue", handserMsg: msg =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"work模式获取到消息{msg}");
});
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}//work后端逻辑 public static void ConsumeWorkQueueModel(string queueName, int sleepHmao = 90, Action<string> handserMsg = null)
{
var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
var channel = connection.CreateModel();
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
Console.WriteLine(" ConsumeWorkQueueModel Waiting for messages....");
consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
{
var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
if (handserMsg != null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
{
handserMsg.Invoke(message);
}
}
channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
};
channel.BasicConsume(queue: queueName, autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
}
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9：Direct
Code:
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//同一个消息会被多个订阅者消费//发布者using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
#region 发布订阅模式，带上了exchange
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
{
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishExchangeModel("exchangemodel", $"发布的消息是：{i}");
}
Console.WriteLine("发布ok！");
#endregion
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}//发布者的后端逻辑 我在这里选择了扇形: ExchangeType.Fanout public static void PublishExchangeModel(string exchangeName, string message)
{
using (var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: exchangeName, type: ExchangeType.Fanout);
var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: exchangeName, routingKey: "", basicProperties: null, body: body);
Console.WriteLine($" Sent {message}");
}
}
//订阅者using System;
namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{ using MyRabbitMqService;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
#region 发布订阅模式 Exchange
ZrfRabbitMqHelper.SubscriberExchangeModel("exchangemodel", msg =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息：{msg}");
});
#endregion
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}//订阅者后端的逻辑 public static void SubscriberExchangeModel(string exchangeName, Action<string> handlerMsg = null)
{
var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
var channel = connection.CreateModel();
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: exchangeName, type: ExchangeType.Fanout);//Fanout 扇形分叉
var queueName = channel.QueueDeclare().QueueName;
channel.QueueBind(queue: queueName,
exchange: exchangeName,
routingKey: "");
Console.WriteLine(" Waiting for msg....");
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
{
var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
if (handlerMsg != null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
{
handlerMsg.Invoke(message);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{message}");
}
};
channel.BasicConsume(queue: queueName, autoAck: true, consumer: consumer);
}
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