问题现象

Unpacking nvidia-340 (340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/lib/udev/rules.d/71-nvidia.rules', which is also in package nvidia-kernel-common-396 396.45-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.2
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

解决办法

　　使用下面指令，它将解决“试图覆盖错误”与强大的dpkg的力量。

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-340_340.107-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb    
//注意最后 /var....amd64.deb 部分，是你报错误的文件路径名称

　　然后运行下面指令，修复任何损坏的包。

sudo apt -f install