MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

    在数据库日常维护中,开发人员是最让人头痛的,很多时候都会由于SQL语句写的有问题导致服务器出问题,导致资源耗尽。最危险的操作就是在做DML操作的时候忘加where条件,导致全表更新,这是作为运维或者DBA的我们改如何处理呢?下面我分别针对update和delete操作忘加where条件导致全表更新的处理方法。

一. update 忘加where条件误操作恢复数据(binglog格式必须是ROW)

1.创建测试用的数据表

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> create table t1 (
    -> id int unsigned not null auto_increment,
    -> name char(20) not null,
    -> sex enum(f,m) not null default m,
    -> address varchar(30) not null,
    -> primary key(id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)
mysql
>
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

2.插入测试数据

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> insert into t1 (name,sex,address)values(daiiy,m,guangzhou);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 (name,sex,address)values(tom,f,shanghai);   
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 (name,sex,address)values(liany,m,beijing); 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 (name,sex,address)values(lilu,m,zhuhai);  
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

3.现在需要将id等于2的用户的地址改为zhuhai,update时没有添加where条件

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> select * from t1;
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
| id | name  | sex | address   |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
|  1 | daiiy | m   | guangzhou |
|  2 | tom   | f   | shanghai  |
|  3 | liany | m   | beijing   |
|  4 | lilu  | m   | zhuhai    |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> update t1 set address=zhuhai;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.09 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;              
+----+-------+-----+---------+
| id | name  | sex | address |
+----+-------+-----+---------+
|  1 | daiiy | m   | zhuhai  |
|  2 | tom   | f   | zhuhai  |
|  3 | liany | m   | zhuhai  |
|  4 | lilu  | m   | zhuhai  |
+----+-------+-----+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

4.开始恢复,在线上的话,应该比较复杂,要先进行锁表,以免数据再次被污染。(锁表,查看正在写哪个二进制日志)

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> lock tables t1 read ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000024 |     1852 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

5.分析二进制日志,并且在其中找到相关记录,在更新时是address=‘zhuhai‘,我们可以在日志中过滤出来。

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000024 | grep -B 15 zhuhai
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
# at 1629
# at 1679
#140305 10:52:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 1679  Table_map: `db01`.`t1` mapped to number 38
#140305 10:52:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 1825  Update_rows: table id 38 flags: STMT_END_F
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=daiiy /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=guangzhou /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=daiiy /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=tom /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=1 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=shanghai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=tom /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=1 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=liany /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=beijing /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=liany /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

可以看见里面记录了每一行的变化,这也是binglog格式要一定是row才行的原因。其中@1,@2,@3,@4,分别对应表中id,name,sex,address字段。相信大家看到这里有点明白了吧,对,没错,你猜到了,我们将相关记录转换为sql语句,重新导入数据库。

6.处理分析处理的二进制日志

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000024 | sed -n /# at 1679/,/COMMIT/p > t1.txt  
[root@localhost mysql]# cat t1.txt 
# at 1679
#140305 10:52:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 1679  Table_map: `db01`.`t1` mapped to number 38
#140305 10:52:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 1825  Update_rows: table id 38 flags: STMT_END_F
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=daiiy /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=guangzhou /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=daiiy /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=tom /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=1 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=shanghai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=tom /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=1 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### UPDATE db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=liany /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=beijing /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### SET
###   @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=liany /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
# at 1825
#140305 10:52:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 1852  Xid = 26
COMMIT/*!*/;
[root@localhost mysql]# 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

这里sed有点复杂,需要童鞋们好好自己研究研究,这里我就不多说了。

[root@localhost mysql]# sed /WHERE/{:a;N;/SET/!ba;s/\([^\n]*\)\n\(.*\)\n\(.*\)/\3\n\2\n\1/} t1.txt | sed -r /WHERE/{:a;N;/@4/!ba;s/###   @2.*//g} | sed s/### //g;s/\/\*.*/,/g | sed /WHERE/{:a;N;/@1/!ba;s/,/;/g};s/#.*//g;s/COMMIT,//g | sed /^$/d > recover.sql 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
[root@localhost mysql]# cat recover.sql 
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  @1=1 ,
  @2=daiiy ,
  @3=2 ,
  @4=guangzhou ,
WHERE
  @1=1 ;
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  @1=2 ,
  @2=tom ,
  @3=1 ,
  @4=shanghai ,
WHERE
  @1=2 ;
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  @1=3 ,
  @2=liany ,
  @3=2 ,
  @4=beijing ,
WHERE
  @1=3 ;
[root@localhost mysql]# 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

将文件中的@1,@2,@3,@4替换为t1表中id,name,sex,address字段,并删除最后字段的","号

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
[root@localhost mysql]# sed -i s/@1/id/g;s/@2/name/g;s/@3/sex/g;s/@4/address/g recover.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# sed -i -r s/(address=.*),/\1/g recover.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat recover.sql 
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  id=1 ,
  name=daiiy ,
  sex=2 ,
  address=guangzhou 
WHERE
  id=1 ;
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  id=2 ,
  name=tom ,
  sex=1 ,
  address=shanghai 
WHERE
  id=2 ;
UPDATE db01.t1
SET
  id=3 ,
  name=liany ,
  sex=2 ,
  address=beijing 
WHERE
  id=3 ;
[root@localhost mysql]# 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

7.到这里日志就处理好了,现在导入即可(导入数据后,解锁表);

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> source recover.sql;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
| id | name  | sex | address   |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
|  1 | daiiy | m   | guangzhou |
|  2 | tom   | f   | shanghai  |
|  3 | liany | m   | beijing   |
|  4 | lilu  | m   | zhuhai    |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

可以看见数据已经完全恢复,这种方法的优点是快速,方便。

 

二. delete 忘加where条件误删除恢复(binglog格式必须是ROW)
其实这和update忘加条件差不多,不过这处理更简单,这里就用上面那张表做测试吧
1.模拟误删除数据
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> select * from t1;
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
| id | name  | sex | address   |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
|  1 | daiiy | m   | guangzhou |
|  2 | tom   | f   | shanghai  |
|  3 | liany | m   | beijing   |
|  4 | lilu  | m   | zhuhai    |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from t1;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

2.在binglog中去查找相关记录

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --base64-output=decode-rows -v -v mysql-bin.000024 | sed -n /### DELETE FROM db01.t1/,/COMMIT/p > delete.txt
[root@localhost mysql]# cat delete.txt 
### DELETE FROM db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=daiiy /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=guangzhou /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### DELETE FROM db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=tom /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=1 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=shanghai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### DELETE FROM db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=liany /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=beijing /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
### DELETE FROM db01.t1
### WHERE
###   @1=4 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @2=lilu /* STRING(60) meta=65084 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @3=2 /* ENUM(1 byte) meta=63233 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###   @4=zhuhai /* VARSTRING(90) meta=90 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
# at 2719
#140305 11:41:00 server id 1  end_log_pos 2746  Xid = 78
COMMIT/*!*/;
[root@localhost mysql]# 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

3.将记录转换为SQL语句

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
[root@localhost mysql]# cat delete.txt | sed -n /###/p | sed s/### //g;s/\/\*.*/,/g;s/DELETE FROM/INSERT INTO/g;s/WHERE/SELECT/g; | sed -r s/(@4.*),/\1;/g | sed s/@[1-9]=//g > t1.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat t1.sql 
INSERT INTO db01.t1
SELECT
  1 ,
  daiiy ,
  2 ,
  guangzhou ;
INSERT INTO db01.t1
SELECT
  2 ,
  tom ,
  1 ,
  shanghai ;
INSERT INTO db01.t1
SELECT
  3 ,
  liany ,
  2 ,
  beijing ;
INSERT INTO db01.t1
SELECT
  4 ,
  lilu ,
  2 ,
  zhuhai ;
[root@localhost mysql]# 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

4.导入数据,验证数据完整性

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)
mysql> source t1.sql;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> select * from db01.t1;
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
| id | name  | sex | address   |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
|  1 | daiiy | m   | guangzhou |
|  2 | tom   | f   | shanghai  |
|  3 | liany | m   | beijing   |
|  4 | lilu  | m   | zhuhai    |
+----+-------+-----+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

到这里数据就完整回来了。将binglog格式设置为row有利有弊,好处是记录了每一行的实际变化,在主从复制时也不容易出问题。但是由于记录每行的变化,会占用大量磁盘,主从复制时带宽占用会有所消耗。到底是使用row还是mixed,需要在实际工作中自己去衡量,但从整体上来说,binglog的格式设置为row,都是不二的选择。

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件),布布扣,bubuko.com

MySQL 误操作后数据恢复(update,delete忘加where条件)

上一篇:C#:通过反射获得指定类的常亮名称和值


下一篇:转adb Shell root 权限