import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
 
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits(); // 初始化
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this, R.layout.fruit_item, fruitList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
 
    private void initFruits() {
        Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(apple);
        Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(banana);
        Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(orange);
        Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("Watermelon", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(watermelon);
        Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(pear);
        Fruit grape = new Fruit("Grape", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(grape);
        Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(pineapple);
        Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(strawberry);
        Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(cherry);
        Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.drawable.ic_launcher_background);
        fruitList.add(mango);
    }
}

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
 
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
import java.util.List;
 
public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter {
    private int resourceId = 0;
    public FruitAdapter(@NonNull Context context, int resource, @NonNull List<Fruit> objects) {
        super(context, resource, objects);
        resourceId = resource;
    }
 
 
    public View getView(int position, @Nullable View convertView, @NonNull ViewGroup parent) {
        Fruit fruit= (Fruit) getItem(position);
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, null);
        ImageView fruitImage = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
        TextView fruitName = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        return view;
    }
}

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;
 
    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
 
    public Fruit() {
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }
 
    public void setImageId(int imageId) {
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Fruit{" +
                "name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", imageId=‘" + imageId + ‘\‘‘ +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dip" />
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.myapplication.MainActivity">
    <ListView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        >
    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>