5.5以后的版本对字符编码方式修改的办法，才发现原来在[mysqld]下的修改已经发生了变化，正确方式如下：
[mysqld]下添加的应该为：
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
保存退出
$sudo service mysql restart
$mysql
mysql> show variables like ‘character%‘;
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
成功！