[安卓] 16、ListView和GridView结合显示单元实现自定义列表显示效果

2021-11-17 03:57:25

List在各种手机应用中都有体现，是安卓UI设计的必修课。

本文将介绍在开发中如何利用ListView和GridView设计自定义列表。

下面分别是用ListView和GridView做的效果：

上面两个看似相差很大，但是其代码非常类似，主要有：

[安卓] 16、ListView和GridView结合显示单元实现自定义列表显示效果

① 在页面中嵌入ListView或GridView:

ListView的activity_main.xml

[安卓] 16、ListView和GridView结合显示单元实现自定义列表显示效果

 1 <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 2     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 3     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 4     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 5     android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
 6     android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 7     android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 8     android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
 9     tools:context="com.beautifulzzzz.activity.MainActivity" >
10 
11     <ListView
12         android:id="@+id/listView1"
13                 android:layout_width="match_parent"
14         android:layout_height="match_parent"
15         android:padding="5dp" >
16 
17     </ListView>
18 
19 </RelativeLayout>

GridView的activity_main.xml

 1 <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 2     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 3     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 4     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 5     android:background="@color/orange_red"
 6     android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
 7     android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 8     android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 9     android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
10     tools:context="com.beautifulzzzz.activity.MainActivity" >
11 
12  <GridView
13         android:id="@+id/gridView1"
14         android:layout_width="match_parent"
15         android:layout_height="match_parent"
16         android:numColumns="3"
17         android:padding="5dp" >
18     </GridView>
19 
20 </RelativeLayout>

② 设计每个单元样式：

两个工程的item.xml一样，如果想定制不同的效果：如朋友圈列表那样的就要精心设计这个item了（不排除有其他方法）！

该item.xml布局显示效果就是上面一个图片，下面一个文字

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 4     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 5     android:gravity="center"
 6     android:orientation="vertical"
 7     android:padding="22dp" 
 8     android:background="@drawable/item_selector">
 9     
10 <ImageView
11     android:id="@+id/image"
12     android:layout_width="match_parent"
13     android:layout_height="50dp" />
14 
15 <TextView 
16     android:id="@+id/text"
17     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
18     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
19     android:textColor="#ffffff"
20     android:text="文字"
21     />
22 </LinearLayout>

③ 设计Adapter和监听事件：

两个代码很相似，下面红色的部分是将数据和item.xml中的元素绑定~class ItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener是item点击监听事件类，在其内部调用.get(key)获得点击item中相应的元素值（是一种map的存储方式）。

ListView的MainActivity.java

 1 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 2 
 3     private ListView lview;
 4     private List<Map<String, Object>> data_list;
 5     private SimpleAdapter sim_adapter;
 6     // ICON
 7     private int[] icon = { R.drawable.icon_01, R.drawable.icon_02,
 8             R.drawable.icon_03, R.drawable.icon_04, R.drawable.icon_05,
 9             R.drawable.icon_06, R.drawable.icon_07, R.drawable.icon_08,
10             R.drawable.icon_09, R.drawable.icon_10, R.drawable.icon_11,
11             R.drawable.icon_12, R.drawable.icon_13, R.drawable.icon_14 };
12     private String[] iconName = { "ͨ茶叶", "汉堡", "肉", "香肠", "披萨", "虾", "水果", "鱼",
13             "面包", "蟹", "鸡腿", "根茎蔬菜", "蛋糕", "酒" };
14 
15     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
16         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
17         this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
18         // this.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
19         // WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
20         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
21 
22         lview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1);
23         data_list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
24 
25         getData();
26 
27         String[] from = { "image", "text" };
28         int[] to = { R.id.image, R.id.text };
29         sim_adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, data_list, R.layout.item, from,
30                 to);
31 
32         lview.setAdapter(sim_adapter);
33         lview.setOnItemClickListener(new ItemClickListener());
34     }
35 
36     public List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
37         for (int i = 0; i < icon.length; i++) {
38             Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
39             map.put("image", icon[i]);
40             map.put("text", iconName[i]);
41             data_list.add(map);
42         }
43 
44         return data_list;
45     }
46 
47     // 当AdapterView被单击(触摸屏或者键盘)，则返回的Item单击事件
48     class ItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener {
49         public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0,// The AdapterView where the
50                                                     // click happened
51                 View arg1,// The view within the AdapterView that was clicked
52                 int arg2,// The position of the view in the adapter
53                 long arg3// The row id of the item that was clicked
54         ) {
55             // 在本例中arg2=arg3
56             HashMap<String, Object> item = (HashMap<String, Object>) arg0
57                     .getItemAtPosition(arg2);
58             // 显示所选Item的ItemText
59             setTitle((String) item.get("text"));// the item is map,you can
60                                                 // seethe function getData,if
61                                                 // want get the value, just use
62                                                 // .get(key) to get the value
63         }
64     }
65 }

GridView的MainActivity.java

 1 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 2 
 3     private GridView gview;
 4     private List<Map<String, Object>> data_list;
 5     private SimpleAdapter sim_adapter;
 6     // ICON
 7     private int[] icon = { R.drawable.icon_01, R.drawable.icon_02,
 8             R.drawable.icon_03, R.drawable.icon_04, R.drawable.icon_05,
 9             R.drawable.icon_06, R.drawable.icon_07, R.drawable.icon_08,
10             R.drawable.icon_09, R.drawable.icon_10, R.drawable.icon_11,
11             R.drawable.icon_12, R.drawable.icon_13, R.drawable.icon_14 };
12     private String[] iconName = { "ͨ茶叶", "汉堡", "肉", "香肠", "披萨", "虾", "水果", "鱼",
13             "面包", "蟹", "鸡腿", "根茎蔬菜", "蛋糕", "酒" };
14 
15     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
16         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
17         this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
18         // this.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
19         // WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
20         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
21 
22         gview = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView1);
23         data_list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
24 
25         getData();
26 
27         String[] from = { "image", "text" };
28         int[] to = { R.id.image, R.id.text };
29         sim_adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, data_list, R.layout.item, from,
30                 to);
31 
32         gview.setAdapter(sim_adapter);
33         gview.setOnItemClickListener(new ItemClickListener());
34     }
35 
36     public List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
37         for (int i = 0; i < icon.length; i++) {
38             Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
39             map.put("image", icon[i]);
40             map.put("text", iconName[i]);
41             data_list.add(map);
42         }
43 
44         return data_list;
45     }
46 
47     // 当AdapterView被单击(触摸屏或者键盘)，则返回的Item单击事件
48     class ItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener {
49         public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0,// The AdapterView where the
50                                                     // click happened
51                 View arg1,// The view within the AdapterView that was clicked
52                 int arg2,// The position of the view in the adapter
53                 long arg3// The row id of the item that was clicked
54         ) {
55             // 在本例中arg2=arg3
56             HashMap<String, Object> item = (HashMap<String, Object>) arg0
57                     .getItemAtPosition(arg2);
58             // 显示所选Item的ItemText
59             setTitle((String) item.get("text"));// the item is map,you can
60                                                 // seethe function getData,if
61                                                 // want get the value, just use
62                                                 // .get(key) to get the value
63         }
64     }
65 }

在研究上面问题过程中记录了几个有用的链接：

1、安卓 GridView item均匀分布：http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=XphquqnT6InmtaovIy9XqfRNEaQqzE8JCvqsVN8H46Fb_aXCALxbADzotyMCNreQDiqC6i0Is1WUI5twCQfl6V1BkvbbW1RrzZoGHOSeNoq

2、Android API 中文（15） —— GridView：http://www.cnblogs.com/over140/archive/2010/10/19/1855366.html

3、gridview中的OnItemClickListener事件触发问题！！！

4、Android应用开发笔记(10)：制作自定义背景Button按钮、自定义形状Button的全攻略

5、android selector(如对TextView点击样式改变) - perfect亮：http://www.cnblogs.com/liangstudyhome/p/3695305.html

MMMMMMMMMMMMM

上面工程中点击item的点击效果被我重新定义过了，具体用了第5点链接中说的selector:

在item.xml的第8行：android:background="@drawable/item_selector"
在drawable文件夹内新建item_selector.xml

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2 <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
3     <item android:state_pressed="true"
4         android:drawable="@color/orange_red_shen" />
5     <item android:state_focused="true"
6         android:drawable="@color/orange_red_shen" />
7     <item android:drawable="@color/orange_red" />
8 </selector>

MMMMMMMMMMMMM

上述两个工程的源码：

GridView工程：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjQlRCp

ListView工程：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i3zxUj7

@beautifulzzzz

2015-11-10 持续更新中~

本文转自beautifulzzzz博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/zjutlitao/p/4954385.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者

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