cpulimit备用源文件
一、目录结构
cpulimit-1.1
├── cpulimit.c
└── Makefile
二、文件内容
文件格式均为unix格式
1、cpulimit.c
/**
* Copyright (c) 2005, by: Angelo Marletta <marlonx80@hotmail.com>
*
* This file may be used subject to the terms and conditions of the
* GNU Library General Public License Version 2, or any later version
* at your option, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Library General Public License for more details.
*
**********************************************************************
*
* Simple program to limit the cpu usage of a process
* If you modify this code, send me a copy please
*
* Author: Angelo Marletta
* Date: 26/06/2005
* Version: 1.1
* Last version at: http://marlon80.interfree.it/cpulimit/index.html
*
* Changelog:
* - Fixed a segmentation fault if controlled process exited in particular circumstances
* - Better CPU usage estimate
* - Fixed a <0 %CPU usage reporting in rare cases
* - Replaced MAX_PATH_SIZE with PATH_MAX already defined in <limits.h>
* - Command line arguments now available
* - Now is possible to specify target process by pid
*/
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
//kernel time resolution (inverse of one jiffy interval) in Hertz
//i don't know how to detect it, then define to the default (not very clean!)
#define HZ 100
//some useful macro
#define min(a,b) (a<b?a:b)
#define max(a,b) (a>b?a:b)
//pid of the controlled process
int pid=0;
//executable file name
char *program_name;
//verbose mode
int verbose=0;
//lazy mode
int lazy=0;
//reverse byte search
void *memrchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n);
//return ta-tb in microseconds (no overflow checks!)
inline long timediff(const struct timespec *ta,const struct timespec *tb) {
unsigned long us = (ta->tv_sec-tb->tv_sec)*1000000 + (ta->tv_nsec/1000 - tb->tv_nsec/1000);
return us;
}
int waitforpid(int pid) {
//switch to low priority
if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS,getpid(),19)!=0) {
printf("Warning: cannot renice\n");
}
int i=0;
while(1) {
DIR *dip;
struct dirent *dit;
//open a directory stream to /proc directory
if ((dip = opendir("/proc")) == NULL) {
perror("opendir");
return -1;
}
//read in from /proc and seek for process dirs
while ((dit = readdir(dip)) != NULL) {
//get pid
if (pid==atoi(dit->d_name)) {
//pid detected
if (kill(pid,SIGSTOP)==0 && kill(pid,SIGCONT)==0) {
//process is ok!
goto done;
}
else {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: Process %d detected, but you don't have permission to control it\n",pid);
}
}
}
//close the dir stream and check for errors
if (closedir(dip) == -1) {
perror("closedir");
return -1;
}
//no suitable target found
if (i++==0) {
if (lazy) {
fprintf(stderr,"No process found\n");
exit(2);
}
else {
printf("Warning: no target process found. Waiting for it...\n");
}
}
//sleep for a while
sleep(2);
}
done:
printf("Process %d detected\n",pid);
//now set high priority, if possible
if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS,getpid(),-20)!=0) {
printf("Warning: cannot renice.\nTo work better you should run this program as root.\n");
}
return 0;
}
//this function periodically scans process list and looks for executable path names
//it should be executed in a low priority context, since precise timing does not matter
//if a process is found then its pid is returned
//process: the name of the wanted process, can be an absolute path name to the executable file
// or simply its name
//return: pid of the found process
int getpidof(const char *process) {
//set low priority
if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS,getpid(),19)!=0) {
printf("Warning: cannot renice\n");
}
char exelink[20];
char exepath[PATH_MAX+1];
int pid=0;
int i=0;
while(1) {
DIR *dip;
struct dirent *dit;
//open a directory stream to /proc directory
if ((dip = opendir("/proc")) == NULL) {
perror("opendir");
return -1;
}
//read in from /proc and seek for process dirs
while ((dit = readdir(dip)) != NULL) {
//get pid
pid=atoi(dit->d_name);
if (pid>0) {
sprintf(exelink,"/proc/%d/exe",pid);
int size=readlink(exelink,exepath,sizeof(exepath));
if (size>0) {
int found=0;
if (process[0]=='/' && strncmp(exepath,process,size)==0 && size==strlen(process)) {
//process starts with / then it's an absolute path
found=1;
}
else {
//process is the name of the executable file
if (strncmp(exepath+size-strlen(process),process,strlen(process))==0) {
found=1;
}
}
if (found==1) {
if (kill(pid,SIGSTOP)==0 && kill(pid,SIGCONT)==0) {
//process is ok!
goto done;
}
else {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: Process %d detected, but you don't have permission to control it\n",pid);
}
}
}
}
}
//close the dir stream and check for errors
if (closedir(dip) == -1) {
perror("closedir");
return -1;
}
//no suitable target found
if (i++==0) {
if (lazy) {
fprintf(stderr,"No process found\n");
exit(2);
}
else {
printf("Warning: no target process found. Waiting for it...\n");
}
}
//sleep for a while
sleep(2);
}
done:
printf("Process %d detected\n",pid);
//now set high priority, if possible
if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS,getpid(),-20)!=0) {
printf("Warning: cannot renice.\nTo work better you should run this program as root.\n");
}
return pid;
}
//SIGINT and SIGTERM signal handler
void quit(int sig) {
//let the process continue if it's stopped
kill(pid,SIGCONT);
printf("Exiting...\n");
exit(0);
}
//get jiffies count from /proc filesystem
int getjiffies(int pid) {
static char stat[20];
static char buffer[1024];
sprintf(stat,"/proc/%d/stat",pid);
FILE *f=fopen(stat,"r");
if (f==NULL) return -1;
fgets(buffer,sizeof(buffer),f);
fclose(f);
char *p=buffer;
p=memchr(p+1,')',sizeof(buffer)-(p-buffer));
int sp=12;
while (sp--)
p=memchr(p+1,' ',sizeof(buffer)-(p-buffer));
//user mode jiffies
int utime=atoi(p+1);
p=memchr(p+1,' ',sizeof(buffer)-(p-buffer));
//kernel mode jiffies
int ktime=atoi(p+1);
return utime+ktime;
}
//process instant photo
struct process_screenshot {
struct timespec when; //timestamp
int jiffies; //jiffies count of the process
int cputime; //microseconds of work from previous screenshot to current
};
//extracted process statistics
struct cpu_usage {
float pcpu;
float workingrate;
};
//this function is an autonomous dynamic system
//it works with static variables (state variables of the system), that keep memory of recent past
//its aim is to estimate the cpu usage of the process
//to work properly it should be called in a fixed periodic way
//perhaps i will put it in a separate thread...
int compute_cpu_usage(int pid,int last_working_quantum,struct cpu_usage *pusage) {
#define MEM_ORDER 10
//circular buffer containing last MEM_ORDER process screenshots
static struct process_screenshot ps[MEM_ORDER];
//the last screenshot recorded in the buffer
static int front=-1;
//the oldest screenshot recorded in the buffer
static int tail=0;
if (pusage==NULL) {
//reinit static variables
front=-1;
tail=0;
return 0;
}
//let's advance front index and save the screenshot
front=(front+1)%MEM_ORDER;
int j=getjiffies(pid);
if (j>=0) ps[front].jiffies=j;
else return -1; //error: pid does not exist
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&(ps[front].when));
ps[front].cputime=last_working_quantum;
//buffer actual size is: (front-tail+MEM_ORDER)%MEM_ORDER+1
int size=(front-tail+MEM_ORDER)%MEM_ORDER+1;
if (size==1) {
//not enough samples taken (it's the first one!), return -1
pusage->pcpu=-1;
pusage->workingrate=1;
return 0;
}
else {
//now we can calculate cpu usage, interval dt and dtwork are expressed in microseconds
long dt=timediff(&(ps[front].when),&(ps[tail].when));
long dtwork=0;
int i=(tail+1)%MEM_ORDER;
int max=(front+1)%MEM_ORDER;
do {
dtwork+=ps[i].cputime;
i=(i+1)%MEM_ORDER;
} while (i!=max);
int used=ps[front].jiffies-ps[tail].jiffies;
float usage=(used*1000000.0/HZ)/dtwork;
pusage->workingrate=1.0*dtwork/dt;
pusage->pcpu=usage*pusage->workingrate;
if (size==MEM_ORDER)
tail=(tail+1)%MEM_ORDER;
return 0;
}
#undef MEM_ORDER
}
void print_caption() {
printf("\n%%CPU\twork quantum\tsleep quantum\tactive rate\n");
}
void print_usage(FILE *stream,int exit_code) {
fprintf(stream, "Usage: %s TARGET [OPTIONS...]\n",program_name);
fprintf(stream, " TARGET must be exactly one of these:\n");
fprintf(stream, " -p, --pid=N pid of the process\n");
fprintf(stream, " -e, --exe=FILE name of the executable program file\n");
fprintf(stream, " -P, --path=PATH absolute path name of the executable program file\n");
fprintf(stream, " OPTIONS\n");
fprintf(stream, " -l, --limit=N percentage of cpu allowed from 0 to 100 (mandatory)\n");
fprintf(stream, " -v, --verbose show control statistics\n");
fprintf(stream, " -z, --lazy exit if there is no suitable target process, or if it dies\n");
fprintf(stream, " -h, --help display this help and exit\n");
exit(exit_code);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
//get program name
char *p=(char*)memrchr(argv[0],(unsigned int)'/',strlen(argv[0]));
program_name = p==NULL?argv[0]:(p+1);
//parse arguments
int next_option;
/* A string listing valid short options letters. */
const char* short_options="p:e:P:l:vzh";
/* An array describing valid long options. */
const struct option long_options[] = {
{ "pid", 0, NULL, 'p' },
{ "exe", 1, NULL, 'e' },
{ "path", 0, NULL, 'P' },
{ "limit", 0, NULL, 'l' },
{ "verbose", 0, NULL, 'v' },
{ "lazy", 0, NULL, 'z' },
{ "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
//argument variables
const char *exe=NULL;
const char *path=NULL;
int perclimit=0;
int pid_ok=0;
int process_ok=0;
int limit_ok=0;
do {
next_option = getopt_long (argc, argv, short_options,long_options, NULL);
switch(next_option) {
case 'p':
pid=atoi(optarg);
pid_ok=1;
break;
case 'e':
exe=optarg;
process_ok=1;
break;
case 'P':
path=optarg;
process_ok=1;
break;
case 'l':
perclimit=atoi(optarg);
limit_ok=1;
break;
case 'v':
verbose=1;
break;
case 'z':
lazy=1;
break;
case 'h':
print_usage (stdout, 1);
break;
case '?':
print_usage (stderr, 1);
break;
case -1:
break;
default:
abort();
}
} while(next_option != -1);
if (!process_ok && !pid_ok) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: You must specify a target process\n");
print_usage (stderr, 1);
exit(1);
}
if ((exe!=NULL && path!=NULL) || (pid_ok && (exe!=NULL || path!=NULL))) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: You must specify exactly one target process\n");
print_usage (stderr, 1);
exit(1);
}
if (!limit_ok) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: You must specify a cpu limit\n");
print_usage (stderr, 1);
exit(1);
}
float limit=perclimit/100.0;
if (limit<0 || limit >1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Error: limit must be in the range 0-100\n");
print_usage (stderr, 1);
exit(1);
}
//parameters are all ok!
signal(SIGINT,quit);
signal(SIGTERM,quit);
//time quantum in microseconds. it's splitted in a working period and a sleeping one
int period=100000;
struct timespec twork,tsleep; //working and sleeping intervals
memset(&twork,0,sizeof(struct timespec));
memset(&tsleep,0,sizeof(struct timespec));
wait_for_process:
//look for the target process..or wait for it
if (exe!=NULL)
pid=getpidof(exe);
else if (path!=NULL)
pid=getpidof(path);
else {
waitforpid(pid);
}
//process detected...let's play
//init compute_cpu_usage internal stuff
compute_cpu_usage(0,0,NULL);
//main loop counter
int i=0;
struct timespec startwork,endwork;
long workingtime=0; //last working time in microseconds
if (verbose) print_caption();
float pcpu_avg=0;
//here we should already have high priority, for time precision
while(1) {
//estimate how much the controlled process is using the cpu in its working interval
struct cpu_usage cu;
if (compute_cpu_usage(pid,workingtime,&cu)==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Process %d dead!\n",pid);
if (lazy) exit(2);
//wait until our process appears
goto wait_for_process;
}
//cpu actual usage of process (range 0-1)
float pcpu=cu.pcpu;
//rate at which we are keeping active the process (range 0-1)
float workingrate=cu.workingrate;
//adjust work and sleep time slices
if (pcpu>0) {
twork.tv_nsec=min(period*limit*1000/pcpu*workingrate,period*1000);
}
else if (pcpu==0) {
twork.tv_nsec=period*1000;
}
else if (pcpu==-1) {
//not yet a valid idea of cpu usage
pcpu=limit;
workingrate=limit;
twork.tv_nsec=min(period*limit*1000,period*1000);
}
tsleep.tv_nsec=period*1000-twork.tv_nsec;
//update average usage
pcpu_avg=(pcpu_avg*i+pcpu)/(i+1);
if (verbose && i%10==0 && i>0) {
printf("%0.2f%%\t%6ld us\t%6ld us\t%0.2f%%\n",pcpu*100,twork.tv_nsec/1000,tsleep.tv_nsec/1000,workingrate*100);
}
if (limit<1 && limit>0) {
//resume process
if (kill(pid,SIGCONT)!=0) {
fprintf(stderr,"Process %d dead!\n",pid);
if (lazy) exit(2);
//wait until our process appears
goto wait_for_process;
}
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&startwork);
nanosleep(&twork,NULL); //now process is working
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&endwork);
workingtime=timediff(&endwork,&startwork);
if (limit<1) {
//stop process, it has worked enough
if (kill(pid,SIGSTOP)!=0) {
fprintf(stderr,"Process %d dead!\n",pid);
if (lazy) exit(2);
//wait until our process appears
goto wait_for_process;
}
nanosleep(&tsleep,NULL); //now process is sleeping
}
i++;
}
}
2、Makefile
all:: cpulimit cpulimit: cpulimit.c gcc -o cpulimit cpulimit.c -lrt -Wall -O2 clean: rm -f *~ cpulimit
三、编译安装
cd cpulimit-1.1 make cp cpulimit /usr/bin/cpulimit chmod 777 /usr/bin/cpulimit cpulimit --help