python实例：从excel读取股票代码，爬取股票信息写到代码后面的单元格中

2022-04-27 03:35:46

关键词：爬虫、python、request、接口、excel处理、正则

思路：

1、首先准备好excel文档，把股票代码事先编辑进去。

2、脚本读取文档，依次读出股票代码到指定站点发起请求获取股票信息

3、将获取的股票信息简单处理，依次写入到指定的文档单元格中，完成整个实例过程

用到的python库：xlrd（读取excel）、requests（获取网页数据）、lxml（处理网页数据）、openpyyxl（对excel进行写入编辑）、re（正则）

具体步骤：

一，导入相关库

import xlrd  #引入读取excel库

import requests   #倒入requests库

from lxml import etree  #倒入lxml 库（没有这个库，pip install lxml安装）

import os

import sys

import openpyxl

import re

二，读取excel内的股票代码，写入数组（共后面的函数调用）

#读取excel文档内的股票代码

def code():

    wb = xlrd.open_workbook(path+'\\stock.xlsx')# 打开Excel文件

    data = wb.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')#通过excel表格名称(rank)获取工作表

    b=data.col_values(0)#获取第一列数据（数组）

    list=[]

    for c in b[1:]:#for循环，排除第一行数据

        d=int(c)

        s="%06d" % d#股票代码一共有6位，常规打印无法打印出首位带0的代码的0部分，补齐缺失的0

        #print(s)

        list.append(s)

    return(list)

code=code()

三、循环读取股票代码查询股票信息，写入同一类数据的数组内（共后面写入excel）

#code函数获取的代码，循环爬取代码对应的股票数据，将股票数据写入对应的数组（同一类）中

def get(code):

    list_name=[]#股票名称

    list_score=[]#综合评分

    list_Short=[]#短期趋势

    list_Metaphase=[]#中期趋势

    list_Long=[]#长期趋势

    list_comprehensive=[]#综合评判

    list_day=[]#5日涨幅

    list_mouth=[]#3个月涨幅

    list_year=[]#1年涨幅

    for num in code:

        url='http://stockpage.10jqka.com.cn/'+num+'/'

        headers = {

            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',

            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',

            'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '',

            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36',

            'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',

            'Referer': 'http://doctor.10jqka.com.cn/603160/',

            'Connection': 'keep-alive',

            'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',

            }

        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers).text

        html = etree.HTML(response)

        b = html.xpath('//h1[@class = "m_logo fl"]/a/strong/text()')

        #print(b[0])#股票名称

        c = html.xpath('//span[@class = "analyze-tips mt7"]/text()')

        #print(c[0])#综合评分

        d = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div/div[2]/text()')

        #print("短期趋势:",d[0])#短期趋势

        e = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div[2]/div[2]/text()')

        #print("中期趋势:",e[0])#中期趋势

        f = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div[3]/div[2]/text()')

        #print("远期趋势:",f[0])#远期趋势

        g = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/text()')

        h = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/strong/text()')

        i = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/text()[2]')

        #print(g[0],h[0],i[0])#综合评判

        m=g[0]+h[0]+i[0]

        #j = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[2]/text()')

        #k = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[3]/text()')

        #l = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[4]/text()')

        tr_content = re.findall('<tr class="even hot_cont">(.*?)</tr', response, re.S)[0]

        td_content = re.findall('<td.*?>(.*?)</td', tr_content, re.S)#正则获取周期涨幅

        #print("5日涨幅:",j[0])#5日涨幅

        #print("3个月涨幅:",k[0])#3个月涨幅

        #print("1年涨幅:",l[0])#1年涨幅

        list_name.append(b[0])#股票名称数组

        list_score.append(c[0])#综合评分

        list_Short.append(d[0])#短期趋势

        list_Metaphase.append(e[0])#中期趋势

        list_Long.append(f[0])#长期趋势

        list_comprehensive.append(m)#综合评判

        list_day.append(td_content[1])#5日涨幅

        list_mouth.append(td_content[2])#3个月涨幅

        list_year.append(td_content[3])#1年涨幅

    return(list_name,list_score,list_Short,list_Metaphase,

    list_Long,list_comprehensive,list_day,list_mouth,list_year)

get=get(code)

四、将写入数组的股票数据，依次写入到对应股票代码后的单元格中

#读取get函数生成的股票数据，依次写入到excel文档中

xfile = openpyxl.load_workbook(path+'\\stock.xlsx')#加载文件

sheet1 = xfile.worksheets[0]

#excel中单元格为B2开始，即第2列，第2行

for i in range(len(get[0])):#股票名称

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 2).value=get[0][i]

for i in range(len(baidu[0])):#当前价格

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 3).value=baidu[0][i]

for i in range(len(baidu[1])):#当前市值

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 4).value=baidu[1][i]

for i in range(len(get[1])):#综合评分

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 5).value=get[1][i]

for i in range(len(get[2])):#短期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 6).value=get[2][i]

for i in range(len(get[3])):#中期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 7).value=get[3][i]

for i in range(len(get[4])):#长期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 8).value=get[4][i]

for i in range(len(get[5])):#综合评判

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 9).value=get[5][i]

for i in range(len(get[6])):#5日涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 10).value=get[6][i]

for i in range(len(get[7])):#3个月涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 11).value=get[7][i]

for i in range(len(get[8])):#1年涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 12).value=get[8][i]

xfile.save(path+'\\stock.xlsx')

直接后的文档内容

全部代码

#本脚本主要实现循环爬取数据后：

# 1、同一类数据统一写入到同一个数组中，

# 2、读取数组数据写入指定的excel列中，实现最终数据爬取

import xlrd  #引入读取excel库

import requests   #倒入requests库

from lxml import etree  #倒入lxml 库（没有这个库，pip install lxml安装）

import os

import sys

import openpyxl

import re

path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0]))

#读取excel文档内的股票代码

def code():

    wb = xlrd.open_workbook(path+'\\stock.xlsx')# 打开Excel文件

    data = wb.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')#通过excel表格名称(rank)获取工作表

    b=data.col_values(0)#获取第一列数据（数组）

    list=[]

    for c in b[1:]:#for循环，排除第一行数据

        d=int(c)

        s="%06d" % d#股票代码一共有6位，常规打印无法打印出首位带0的代码的0部分，补齐缺失的0

        #print(s)

        list.append(s)

    return(list)

code=code()

#code函数获取的代码，循环爬取代码对应的股票数据，将股票数据写入对应的数组（同一类）中

def get(code):

    list_name=[]#股票名称

    list_score=[]#综合评分

    list_Short=[]#短期趋势

    list_Metaphase=[]#中期趋势

    list_Long=[]#长期趋势

    list_comprehensive=[]#综合评判

    list_day=[]#5日涨幅

    list_mouth=[]#3个月涨幅

    list_year=[]#1年涨幅

    for num in code:

        url='http://stockpage.10jqka.com.cn/'+num+'/'

        headers = {

            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',

            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',

            'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '',

            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36',

            'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',

            'Referer': 'http://doctor.10jqka.com.cn/603160/',

            'Connection': 'keep-alive',

            'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',

            }

        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers).text

        html = etree.HTML(response)

        b = html.xpath('//h1[@class = "m_logo fl"]/a/strong/text()')

        #print(b[0])#股票名称

        c = html.xpath('//span[@class = "analyze-tips mt7"]/text()')

        #print(c[0])#综合评分

        d = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div/div[2]/text()')

        #print("短期趋势:",d[0])#短期趋势

        e = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div[2]/div[2]/text()')

        #print("中期趋势:",e[0])#中期趋势

        f = html.xpath('//div[@class = "analyze-txt fr"]/div[3]/div[2]/text()')

        #print("远期趋势:",f[0])#远期趋势

        g = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/text()')

        h = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/strong/text()')

        i = html.xpath('//div[@class = "txt-phra"]/text()[2]')

        #print(g[0],h[0],i[0])#综合评判

        m=g[0]+h[0]+i[0]

        #j = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[2]/text()')

        #k = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[3]/text()')

        #l = html.xpath('//tr[@class = "even hot_cont"]/td[4]/text()')

        tr_content = re.findall('<tr class="even hot_cont">(.*?)</tr', response, re.S)[0]

        td_content = re.findall('<td.*?>(.*?)</td', tr_content, re.S)#正则获取周期涨幅

        #print("5日涨幅:",j[0])#5日涨幅

        #print("3个月涨幅:",k[0])#3个月涨幅

        #print("1年涨幅:",l[0])#1年涨幅

        list_name.append(b[0])#股票名称数组

        list_score.append(c[0])#综合评分

        list_Short.append(d[0])#短期趋势

        list_Metaphase.append(e[0])#中期趋势

        list_Long.append(f[0])#长期趋势

        list_comprehensive.append(m)#综合评判

        list_day.append(td_content[1])#5日涨幅

        list_mouth.append(td_content[2])#3个月涨幅

        list_year.append(td_content[3])#1年涨幅

    return(list_name,list_score,list_Short,list_Metaphase,

    list_Long,list_comprehensive,list_day,list_mouth,list_year)

get=get(code)

def baidu(code):

    list_Price=[]

    list_market=[]

    for num in code:

        cookies = {

            'BIDUPSID': '90EF3BD78F53BC8C96DF84CD3854CA2D',

            'PSTM': '',

            'BD_UPN': '',

            'BAIDUID': '885754C8E6BD7B1A771802631815CC6D:FG=1',

            'BDORZ': 'B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598',

            'BDUSS': 'mxYdVpwOEx0eGJsT3VUYTJXbkZJYWhKSGpQWnlqaVBwMlExTWNNRkR4cWtabHRlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAACRJsY-cGlwacnxu7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKTZM16k2TNeV',

            'COOKIE_SESSION': '7_0_5_3_11_3_0_0_4_2_1_0_73199_0_169_0_1580456363_0_1580456194%7C9%23622712_32_1580376248%7C6',

            'cflag': '13%3A3',

            'BD_HOME': '',

            'BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]': 'I67x6TjHwwYf0',

            'delPer': '',

            'BD_CK_SAM': '',

            'PSINO': '',

            'H_PS_PSSID': '1438_21104_26350',

            'H_PS_645EC': '29b8ZVy4WP7OUTz6%2FjeON9IexqLhOnMXkLTzhD5NfPu4fH%2FPZmThFknleY0LwzNQZ8j8',

            'BDSVRTM': '',

            'WWW_ST': '',

            }

        headers = {

            'is_xhr': '',

            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',

            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',

            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36',

            'is_pbs': num,

            'Accept': '*/*',

            'Referer': 'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd='+num+'&rsv_spt=1&rsv_iqid=0xa5a17c8700013159&issp=1&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=2&ie=utf-8&rqlang=cn&tn=baiduhome_pg&rsv_enter=0&rsv_dl=tb&oq='+num+'&rsv_t=29b8ZVy4WP7OUTz6%2FjeON9IexqLhOnMXkLTzhD5NfPu4fH%2FPZmThFknleY0LwzNQZ8j8&rsv_pq=b379448d00013935',

            'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',

            'Connection': 'keep-alive',

            'is_referer': 'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd='+num+'&rsv_spt=1&rsv_iqid=0xa5a17c8700013159&issp=1&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=2&ie=utf-8&tn=baiduhome_pg&rsv_enter=1&rsv_dl=tb&rsv_n=2&rsv_sug3=1&rsv_sug1=1&rsv_sug7=100&rsv_sug2=0&inputT=359&rsv_sug4=359',

            }

        params = (

            ('ie', ['utf-8', 'utf-8']),

            ('newi', ''),

            ('mod', ''),

            ('isbd', ''),

            ('isid', 'b379448d00013935'),

            ('wd', num),

            ('rsv_spt', ''),

            ('rsv_iqid', '0xa5a17c8700013159'),

            ('issp', ''),

            ('f', ''),

            ('rsv_bp', ''),

            ('rsv_idx', ''),

            ('rqlang', 'cn'),

            ('tn', 'baiduhome_pg'),

            ('rsv_enter', ''),

            ('rsv_dl', 'tb'),

            ('oq', num),

            ('rsv_t', '29b8ZVy4WP7OUTz6/jeON9IexqLhOnMXkLTzhD5NfPu4fH/PZmThFknleY0LwzNQZ8j8'),

            ('rsv_pq', 'b379448d00013935'),

            ('bs', num),

            ('rsv_sid', '1438_21104_26350'),

            ('_ss', ''),

            ('clist', ''),

            ('hsug', ''),

            ('f4s', ''),

            ('csor', ''),

            ('_cr1', ''),

            )

        response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/s', headers=headers, params=params, cookies=cookies).text

        html = etree.HTML(response)

        a = html.xpath('//span[@class = "op-stockdynamic-moretab-cur-num c-gap-right-small"]/text()')

        #print('当前价格:',a[0])#当前价格

        b = html.xpath('//ul[@class = "op-stockdynamic-moretab-info"]/li[8]/span[2]/text()')

        #print('当前市值:',b[0])#当前市值

        list_Price.append(a[0])#当前价格

        list_market.append(b[0])#当前市值

    return(list_Price,list_market)

baidu=baidu(code)

#读取get函数生成的股票数据，依次写入到excel文档中

xfile = openpyxl.load_workbook(path+'\\stock.xlsx')#加载文件

sheet1 = xfile.worksheets[0]

#excel中单元格为B2开始，即第2列，第2行

for i in range(len(get[0])):#股票名称

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 2).value=get[0][i]

for i in range(len(baidu[0])):#当前价格

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 3).value=baidu[0][i]

for i in range(len(baidu[1])):#当前市值

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 4).value=baidu[1][i]

for i in range(len(get[1])):#综合评分

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 5).value=get[1][i]

for i in range(len(get[2])):#短期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 6).value=get[2][i]

for i in range(len(get[3])):#中期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 7).value=get[3][i]

for i in range(len(get[4])):#长期趋势

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 8).value=get[4][i]

for i in range(len(get[5])):#综合评判

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 9).value=get[5][i]

for i in range(len(get[6])):#5日涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 10).value=get[6][i]

for i in range(len(get[7])):#3个月涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 11).value=get[7][i]

for i in range(len(get[8])):#1年涨幅

    sheet1.cell(i+2, 12).value=get[8][i]

xfile.save(path+'\\stock.xlsx')

print("爬取完成")

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