show variables like %char%
 character_set_client     | gb2312                          
 character_set_connection | gb2312                          
 character_set_database   | gb2312  当前所选择的数据库字符集编码                   
 character_set_filesystem | binary     文件系统编码                     
 character_set_results    | gb2312                          
 character_set_server     | gb2312  mysql服务器编码                 
 character_set_system     | utf8  标识符编码                         
 character_sets_dir

可以通过set names gbk/utf8 更改。