此文紧接上篇博文《Linux系统-小倒腾之Linux DIY定制裁剪(New kernel+Busybox)o_o(二)》,前面我们已经将定制版Linux系统已经初步有了一个Linux系统拥有的基本功能,那现在需要做的就是从宿主机上将远程服务软件dropbear以及nginx移植至这台定制版Linux中,并且实现它们自己各自的功能。具体实现步骤请看下面:
在移植之前需要在宿主机上进行安装测试,待工作正常,才采取移植操作
====================编译安装dropbear、测试及移植====================
1.解压安装包
[root@station10 ~]# tar -xf dropbear-2013.58.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src/ [root@station10 ~]# cd /usr/src/dropbear-2013.58/ [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]#
2.编译操作
[root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# ./configure [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp" [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp" install
3.创建dropbear密钥存放目录
[root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# mkdir /etc/dropbear/
4.生成密钥文件
[root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# dropbearkey -t rsa -s 1024 -f /etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key Will output 1024 bit rsa secret key to ‘/etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key‘ Generating key, this may take a while... Public key portion is: ......... ......... [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# dropbearkey -t dss -f /etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key Will output 1024 bit dss secret key to ‘/etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key‘ Generating key, this may take a while... Public key portion is: ......... ......... [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# ls /etc/dropbear/ dropbear_dss_host_key dropbear_rsa_host_key [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]#
5.启动dropbear测试
因为我实验中用的是sshd的22port,为了避免他们冲突我将使用22022port
[root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# dropbear -p 22022 #端口监听中 [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]# ss -tnl | grep 22022 LISTEN 0 20 :::22022 :::* LISTEN 0 20 *:22022 *:* [root@station10 dropbear-2013.58]#
ok!现在dropbear工作起来了,开始移植吧
6.移植dropbear所需程序文件
(1)执行那个bincp脚本:
[root@station10 ~]# sh bincp.sh A command: dropbear Copy /usr/local/sbin/dropbear to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /lib64/libutil.so.1 to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /lib64/libz.so.1 to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /lib64/libfreebl3.so to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: dropbearkey Copy /usr/local/bin/dropbearkey to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: dbclient Copy /usr/local/bin/dbclient to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: scp Copy /usr/local/bin/scp to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: q [root@station10 ~]# ls /mnt/sysroot/usr/local/bin/ dbclient dropbearkey scp [root@station10 ~]# ls /mnt/sysroot/usr/local/sbin/ dropbear [root@station10 ~]#
(2)移植名称解析服务文件
我们知道在远程连接时dropbear它需要对用户身份验证,也就是名称解析,这就意味着nssswitch这个框架文件需要移植过去
#移植依赖的库文件 [root@station10 ~]# cp -d /lib64/libnss_files* /mnt/sysroot/lib64/ [root@station10 ~]# cp -d /usr/lib64/libnss3.so /mnt/sysroot/usr/lib64/ [root@station10 ~]# cp -d /usr/lib64/libnss_files.so /mnt/sysroot/usr/lib64/ #移植配置文件 [root@station10 ~]# cp /etc/nsswitch.conf /mnt/sysroot/etc/
(3)移植安全shell文件
dropbear验证用户身份时是需要验证该用户是否是使用的安全shell登录,所以我将宿主机里面/etc/shells文件移植至定制版Linux中
[root@station10 ~]# cp /etc/shells /mnt/sysroot/etc/ #移植bash,执行cpbin脚本 [root@station10 ~]# sh bincp.sh A command: bash Copy /bin/bash to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: q [root@station10 ~]#
(4)为定制版Linux生成dropbearkey文件
[root@station10 ~]# cd /mnt/sysroot/etc/ [root@station10 etc]# mkdir dropbear [root@station10 etc]# dropbearkey -t rsa -s 2048 -f dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key Will output 2048 bit rsa secret key to ‘dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key‘ Generating key, this may take a while... Public key portion is: ......... ......... [root@station10 etc]# dropbearkey -t dss -f dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key Will output 1024 bit dss secret key to ‘dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key‘ Generating key, this may take a while... Public key portion is: ......... ......... [root@station10 etc]# ls dropbear/ dropbear_dss_host_key dropbear_rsa_host_key [root@station10 etc]#
(5)pid文件:
在dropbear启动后它会在/var/run目录中生成一个pid文件,需要保证有这个目录
(前面我已经有创建过了)
(6)伪终端
在远程登录是都是使用伪终端,那伪文件系统又从何而来呢?Target上有没有;其实他是挂载而来的,所以需要让其支持伪文件系统
[root@station10 etc]# pwd /mnt/sysroot/etc [root@station10 etc]# vim fstab /dev/sda1 /boot ext4 defaults 0 0 /dev/sda2 / ext4 defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 /dev/sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0 #加入此行 #/dev/pts这个目录无需创建, drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Apr 1 19:31 /dev/pts/ [root@station10 sysroot]# sync
7.为其提供开关机机自动启动/关闭脚本
#创建锁文件目录: mkdir -p /mnt/sysroot/var/lock/subsys/ [root@station10 etc]# mkdir rc.d/init.d #移植宿主机上面的/etc/rc.d/init.d/funcitons [root@station10 ~]# cp /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/init.d/ #移植宿主机上面的/sbin/consoletype,它被functions所依赖 [root@station10 ~]# sh bincp.sh A command: /sbin/consoletype Copy /sbin/consoletype to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: q [root@station10 ~]# #创建dropbear [root@station10 etc]# vim rc.d/init.d/dropbear #!/bin/bash # # description: dropbear ssh daemon # chkconfig: 2345 66 33 # dsskey=/etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key rsakey=/etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/dropbear pidfile=/var/run/dropbear.pid dropbear=/usr/local/sbin/dropbear dropbearkey=/usr/local/bin/dropbearkey [ -r /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ] && . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions [ -r /etc/sysconfig/dropbear ] && . /etc/sysconfig/dropbear keysize=1024 port=22 gendsskey() { [ -d /etc/dropbear ] || mkdir /etc/dropbear echo -n "Starting generate the dss key: " $dropbearkey -t dss -f $dsskey &> /dev/null RETVAL=$? if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then success echo return 0 else failure echo return 1 fi } genrsakey() { [ -d /etc/dropbear ] || mkdir /etc/dropbear echo -n "Starting generate the rsa key: " $dropbearkey -t rsa -s $keysize -f $rsakey &> /dev/null RETVAL=$? if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then success echo return 0 else failure echo return 1 fi } start() { [ -e $dsskey ] || gendsskey [ -e $rsakey ] || genrsakey if [ -e $lockfile ]; then echo -n "dropbear daemon is already running: " success echo exit 0 fi echo -n "Starting dropbear: " daemon --pidfile="$pidfile" $dropbear -p $port -d $dsskey -r $rsakey RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then touch $lockfile return 0 else rm -f $lockfile $pidfile return 1 fi } stop() { if [ ! -e $lockfile ]; then echo -n "dropbear service is stopped: " success echo exit 1 fi echo -n "Stopping dropbear daemon: " killproc dropbear RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then rm -f $lockfile $pidfile return 0 else return 1 fi } status() { if [ -e $lockfile ]; then echo "dropbear is running..." else echo "dropbear is stopped..." fi } usage() { echo "Usage: dropbear {start|stop|restart|status|gendsskey|genrsakey}" } case $1 in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status ;; gendsskey) gendsskey ;; genrsakey) genrsakey ;; *) usage ;; esac #赋予执行权限 [root@station10 etc]# chmod +x rc.d/init.d/dropbear #创建自动启动/关闭脚本相关文件 [root@station10 etc]# cd rc.d/ #由于busybox没有运行级别这个概念,我这里就假设运行在级别3 [root@station10 rc.d]# mkdir rc3.d [root@station10 rc.d]# cd rc3.d/ [root@station10 rc3.d]# ln -sv ../init.d/dropbear dropbear.start `dropbear.start‘ -> `init.d/dropbear‘ [root@station10 rc3.d]# ln -sv ../init.d/dropbear dropbear.stop `dropbear.stop‘ -> `init.d /dropbear‘ [root@station10 rc.d]# [root@station10 etc]# vim rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/rc3.d/*.start start #加入此行系统在开机时它就会加载/etc/rc.d/下面以start结尾的所有服务脚本使之启动 #关机时执行的 [root@station10 rc3.d]# vim ../rc.sysdown #!/bin/bash # sync sleep 2 sync /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/*.stop stop /bin/umount -a -r [root@station10 rc3.d]# chmod +x rc.sysdown #修改/etc/inittab文件,最后一行修改为: [root@station10 rc.d]# vim ../inittab ::shutdown:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysdown [root@station10 rc.d]# sync #开机时的我在上面第7点已经写在/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中了
看来差不多了,现在启动试一下:
Picture-2(登录后,网卡IP、命令提示符、环境变量没有问题)
ok!目前doprbear已经可以实现开机自动启动了,并且客户端远程连接也没有问题了
好的!至此dropbear应用程序移植完成...
====================编译安装nginx、测试及移植====================
还是先在宿主机上测试,测试通过在移植
1.解压安装包
[root@station10 ~]# tar -xf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ [root@station10 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.4.2/ [root@station10 nginx-1.4.2]#
2.编译安装操作
[root@station10 nginx-1.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/access.log --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-pcre --without-http_rewrite_module --without-http_geo_module --without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_fastcgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_memcached_module [root@station10 nginx-1.4.2]# make && make install
3.创建用户和组
[root@station10 nginx-1.4.2]# groupadd -r nginx [root@station10 nginx-1.4.2]# useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx
4.启动测试
[root@station10 ~]# nginx [root@station10 ~]# ss -tnl | grep :80 LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
5.移植nginx
(1)执行bincp脚本移植nginx命令
[root@station10 ~]# sh bincp.sh A command: nginx Copy /usr/local/sbin/nginx to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /lib64/libpcre.so.0 to /mnt/sysroot finished. Copy /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 to /mnt/sysroot finished. A command: q [root@station10 ~]#
(2)移植nginx配置文件
[root@station10 ~]# cp /etc/nginx/ /mnt/sysroot/etc/ -r [root@station10 ~]# ls /mnt/sysroot/etc/nginx/ fastcgi.conf koi-win scgi_params fastcgi.conf.default mime.types scgi_params.default fastcgi_params mime.types.default uwsgi_params fastcgi_params.default nginx.conf uwsgi_params.default koi-utf nginx.conf.default win-utf [root@station10 ~]#
(3)移植运行nginx的用户和组
[root@station10 ~]# openssl passwd -1 Password: Verifying - Password: $1$9Xf6T0AX$SRIJSQJr5vim8Jb8z030k/ [root@station10 ~]# [root@station10 ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd >> /etc/passwd [root@station10 ~]# tail -1 /etc/group >> /mnt/sysroot/etc/group [root@station10 ~]# tail -1 /etc/shadow >> /mnt/sysroot/etc/shadow #因为是系统用户我就不给密码了
(4)创建nginx的网页存放目录
[root@station10 ~]# mkdir /mnt/sysroot/usr/local/html [root@station10 ~]# vim /mnt/sysroot/usr/local/html/index.html #→创建测试页
(5)提供nginx服务脚本
[root@station10 ~]# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/local/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed ‘s/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g‘ -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep ‘configure arguments:‘` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep ‘.*-temp-path‘` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done } start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac [root@station10 ~]# chmod +x /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #创建开关机服务脚本 [root@station10 ~]# cd /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc3.d [root@station10 rc3.d]# ln -sv ../init.d/nginx nginx.start `nginx.start‘ -> `init.d/nginx‘ [root@station10 rc3.d]# ln -sv ../init.d/nginx nginx.stop `nginx.stop‘ -> `init.d/nginx‘ [root@station10 rc3.d]# sync
OK! 现在差不多了,我先启动测试一下有没有问题
Picture-1(开机后)
Picture-2(用win访问,没有问题)
Picture-3(再次远程访问),这里先给我的那个普通用户创建一个家目录,然后用他来远程登录
ok!自此两个应用程序的移植已完成;
上篇博文中提到的bincp.sh脚本请点击附件下载,各软件包这里我就不提供了,有兴趣的朋友尝试一下吧;
小生能力有限,有问题请留言!
本文出自 “一叶知秋” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://maoqiu.blog.51cto.com/8570467/1390910
Linux系统-小倒腾之Linux DIY定制裁剪(定制Linux+SSH/Nginx)o_o(三),布布扣,bubuko.com